Engineers combine light and sound to see underwater

Engineers have developed an airborne method for imaging underwater objects by combining light and sound to break through the seemingly impassable barrier at the interface of air and water.

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Microfluidic system with cell-separating powers may unravel how novel pathogens attack

To develop effective therapeutics against pathogens, scientists need to first uncover how they attack host cells. An efficient way to conduct these investigations on an extensive scale is through high-speed screening tests called assays.

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Researchers explore population size, density in rise of centralized power in antiquity

A group of researchers developed Power Theory, a model emphasizing the role of demography in political centralization, and applied it to the shift in power dynamics in prehistoric northern coastal societies in Peru. To test the theory, the team created a summed probability distribution (SPD) from 755 radiocarbon dates from 10,000-1,000 B.P. Researchers found a correlation between the tenets of Power Theory and power structure changes in early Peruvian societies.

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Microfluidic system with cell-separating powers may unravel how novel pathogens attack

To develop effective therapeutics against pathogens, scientists need to first uncover how they attack host cells. An efficient way to conduct these investigations on an extensive scale is through high-speed screening tests called assays.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/37mae6C

Study shows strong links between music and math, reading achievement

A music educator thought that if he could just control his study for the myriad factors that might have influenced previous ones - race, income, education, etc. -- he could disprove the notion of a link between students' musical and mathematical achievement. Nope. His new study showed statistically significant associations between the two at both the individual and the school-district levels.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3lkWSwt

COVID-19 shutdowns disproportionately affected low-income black households

Researchers report that low-income Black households experienced greater job loss, more food and medicine insecurity, and higher indebtedness in the early months of COVID-19 compared to white or Latinx low-income households.

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An escape route for seafloor methane

A study has solved the mystery of how and why columns of methane, a potent greenhouse gas, can stream out of solid sea-floor formations known as methane hydrates.

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Study shows strong links between music and math, reading achievement

A music educator thought that if he could just control his study for the myriad factors that might have influenced previous ones - race, income, education, etc. -- he could disprove the notion of a link between students' musical and mathematical achievement. Nope. His new study showed statistically significant associations between the two at both the individual and the school-district levels.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3lkWSwt

The 'smell' of coral as an indicator of reef health

A study conducted in the southern Great Barrier Reef reveals the chemical diversity of emissions from healthy corals. The researchers found that across the reef-building coral species studied on Heron Island, the abundance and chemical diversity of their gas emissions fell significantly during heat stress experiments. With the increasing frequency of heat stress events, understanding coral emissions may prove to be a key reef conservation tool.

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Recycled concrete could be a sustainable way to keep rubble out of landfill

Results of a new five-year study of recycled concrete show that it performs as well, and in several cases even better, than conventional concrete. Researchers conducted side-by-side comparisons of recycled and conventional concrete within two common applications -- a building foundation and a municipal sidewalk. They found that the recycled concrete had comparable strength and durability after five years of being in service.

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COVID-19 shutdowns disproportionately affected low-income black households

Researchers report that low-income Black households experienced greater job loss, more food and medicine insecurity, and higher indebtedness in the early months of COVID-19 compared to white or Latinx low-income households.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/2VjynoT

Rapid-forming giants could disrupt spiral protoplanetary discs

Giant planets that developed early in a star system's life could solve a mystery of why spiral structures are not observed in young protoplanetary discs, according to a new study.

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Safe ultraviolet light could be used to sterilize high-risk COVID-19 environments

Research is paving the way for a new solution to kill aerosolized COVID-19 in enclosed environments such as hospitals and long-term care facilities. Computational modelling has shown that low dose far-ultraviolet C (UVC) lighting can be used to disinfect in-room air, increasing disinfection rates by 50-85 percent compared to a room's ventilation alone.

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Insulators in Alberta at higher risk of chest infections, COPD

Construction workers in Alberta, Canada who work with hazardous insulation materials are much more likely to be affected by repeated chest infections and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), according to new research.

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It's not too late to save 102 species at risk of extinction

The Fraser River estuary in British Columbia is home to 102 species at risk of extinction. A new study says it's not too late to save these species if action is taken now.

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Researchers develop new biomaterial that helps bones heal faster

Scientists have developed a new biomaterial that helps bones heal faster by enhancing adults' stem cell regenerative ability.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/2VjEbPe

Safe ultraviolet light could be used to sterilize high-risk COVID-19 environments

Research is paving the way for a new solution to kill aerosolized COVID-19 in enclosed environments such as hospitals and long-term care facilities. Computational modelling has shown that low dose far-ultraviolet C (UVC) lighting can be used to disinfect in-room air, increasing disinfection rates by 50-85 percent compared to a room's ventilation alone.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/2VgFo9F

Insulators in Alberta at higher risk of chest infections, COPD

Construction workers in Alberta, Canada who work with hazardous insulation materials are much more likely to be affected by repeated chest infections and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), according to new research.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3o9R2zL

Researchers develop new biomaterial that helps bones heal faster

Scientists have developed a new biomaterial that helps bones heal faster by enhancing adults' stem cell regenerative ability.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/2VjEbPe

Small molecules control bacterial resistance to antibiotics

Antibiotics have revolutionized medicine by providing effective treatments for infectious diseases such as cholera. But the pathogens that cause disease are increasingly developing resistance to the antibiotics that are most commonly used. Scientists have discovered a molecule that influences the antibiotic-resistance of cholera bacteria.

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Simulations open a new way to reverse cell aging

Research findings provide insight into the complex mechanism of cellular senescence and present a potential therapeutic strategy for reducing age-related diseases associated with the accumulation of senescent cells.

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Small molecules control bacterial resistance to antibiotics

Antibiotics have revolutionized medicine by providing effective treatments for infectious diseases such as cholera. But the pathogens that cause disease are increasingly developing resistance to the antibiotics that are most commonly used. Scientists have discovered a molecule that influences the antibiotic-resistance of cholera bacteria.

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Simulations open a new way to reverse cell aging

Research findings provide insight into the complex mechanism of cellular senescence and present a potential therapeutic strategy for reducing age-related diseases associated with the accumulation of senescent cells.

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Jaguars robust to climate extremes but lack of food threatens species

Researchers lead a world-first investigation into the chances of wild jaguars surviving climate extremes with six scenarios modelling the behavior, mating, births of cubs, competition, illegal hunting, death from starvation and availability of prey.

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Earth faster, closer to black hole, in new map of galaxy

Earth 'just got' 7 km/s faster and about 2000 light-years closer to the supermassive black hole in the center of the Milky Way Galaxy. But don't worry, this doesn't mean that our planet is critical. Instead the changes are results of a better model of the Milky Way Galaxy based on new observation data, including a catalog of objects observed over the course of more than 15 years.

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Killer electrons in strumming northern and southern lights

Wisps of pulsating aurora lights are a rare, yet magical sight. Now, scientists suggest they could be associated with destruction of part of the ozone.

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Guam's most endangered tree species reveals universal biological concept

Newly published research has used a critically endangered species to show how trees modify leaf function to best exploit prevailing light conditions. The findings revealed numerous leaf traits that change depending on the light levels during leaf construction.

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COVID-19 studies should also focus on mucosal immunity, researchers argue

More COVID-19 studies should be devoted to how immunity emerges to SARS-CoV-2 in the mucous membranes of the nose and mouth, a new paper argues.

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COVID-19 studies should also focus on mucosal immunity, researchers argue

More COVID-19 studies should be devoted to how immunity emerges to SARS-CoV-2 in the mucous membranes of the nose and mouth, a new paper argues.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3moZ4nM

Detecting bacteria with fluorescent nanosensors

Researchers have developed a new method for detecting bacteria and infections. They use fluorescent nanosensors to track down pathogens faster and more easily than with established methods.

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Astronomical instrument hunts for ancient metal

Researchers created a new astronomical instrument that has successfully aided in estimating the abundance of metals in the early universe. The WINERED instrument allows for better observations of astronomical bodies like quasars in the early universe, billions of years ago. Researchers hope this deeper level of exploration could help answer questions about the origins not only of metals in the universe but also of the stars themselves.

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Fast-moving gas flowing away from young star caused by icy comet vaporization

A unique stage of planetary system evolution has been imaged by astronomers, showing fast-moving carbon monoxide gas flowing away from a star system over 400 light years away, a discovery that provides an opportunity to study how our own solar system developed.

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Detecting bacteria with fluorescent nanosensors

Researchers have developed a new method for detecting bacteria and infections. They use fluorescent nanosensors to track down pathogens faster and more easily than with established methods.

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Irreversible hotter and drier climate over inner East Asia

Researchers warn that heatwaves and concurrent droughts of Mongolia's semi-arid plateau have increased significantly during the past two decades, with troubling implications for the future. The change also has ramifications for atmospheric conditions across the Northern Hemisphere.

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Scientists reveal regions of the brain where serotonin promotes patience

In a study on mice scientists pinpoint specific areas of the brain that individually promote patience through the action of serotonin.

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Scientists reveal regions of the brain where serotonin promotes patience

In a study on mice scientists pinpoint specific areas of the brain that individually promote patience through the action of serotonin.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3fICJiF

A route for avoiding defects during additive manufacturing

Research reveals how pores form during metals additive manufacturing and become defects trapped in solidifying metal. The practical value of this research is that it can inform industry on how to predict and improve 3D printing processes.

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Exploring links between infant vocabulary size and vocal interactions with caregivers

Analysis of recordings from infants' homes reveals that certain types of vocal interactions between adults and infants are associated with a larger infant vocabulary.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3memXOX

Obesity is not only the individual's responsibility

Analysis of survey results has revealed that in women, obesity is linked to various social and economic factors. In addition, this study is the first in Japan to illuminate the connection between abuse during childhood and obesity in adulthood. These results highlight the importance of taking these factors into account when implementing policies to tackle obesity.

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Quantum nanodiamonds may help detect disease earlier

The quantum sensing abilities of nanodiamonds can be used to improve the sensitivity of paper-based diagnostic tests, potentially allowing for earlier detection of diseases such as HIV, according to a new study.

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New insights on health effects of long-duration space flight

Among the new findings, the research team found that chronic oxidative stress during spaceflight contributed to the telomere elongation they observed. They also found that astronauts had shorter telomeres after spaceflight than they did before.

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Obesity is not only the individual's responsibility

Analysis of survey results has revealed that in women, obesity is linked to various social and economic factors. In addition, this study is the first in Japan to illuminate the connection between abuse during childhood and obesity in adulthood. These results highlight the importance of taking these factors into account when implementing policies to tackle obesity.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/2JobrSk

Quantum nanodiamonds may help detect disease earlier

The quantum sensing abilities of nanodiamonds can be used to improve the sensitivity of paper-based diagnostic tests, potentially allowing for earlier detection of diseases such as HIV, according to a new study.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/37cZLua

New insights on health effects of long-duration space flight

Among the new findings, the research team found that chronic oxidative stress during spaceflight contributed to the telomere elongation they observed. They also found that astronauts had shorter telomeres after spaceflight than they did before.

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Study of threatened desert tortoises offers new conservation strategy

A new study supports a new conservation strategy. Climate change increasingly makes relocating threatened species necessary, despite the frequently low success rate. The study found tortoises with lots of genetic variation were much more likely to survive after their relocation. The research supports this fast, inexpensive conservation tool, and upends the conventional wisdom suggesting that tortoises from areas moved from close by would fare best.

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Study revealing the secret behind a key cellular process refutes biology textbooks

New research has identified and described a cellular process that, despite what textbooks say, has remained elusive to scientists until now -- precisely how the copying of genetic material that, once started, is properly turned off.

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Understanding traditional Chinese medicine can help protect species

Demystifying traditional Chinese medicine for conservationists could be the key to better protecting endangered species like pangolins, tigers and rhino, according to researchers. Efforts to shift entrenched values and beliefs about Chinese medicine are not achieving conservation gains in the short term.

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World's largest inventory of known plant species

Researchers have compiled the world's most comprehensive list of known plant species. It contains 1,315,562 names of vascular plants, thus extending the number by some 70,000 - equivalent to about 20%. The researchers have also succeeded in clarifying 181,000 hitherto unclear species names.

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Scientists develop new gene therapy for eye disease

Scientists have developed a new gene therapy approach that offers promise for one day treating an eye disease that leads to a progressive loss of vision and affects thousands of people across the globe. The study also has implications for a much wider suite of neurological disorders associated with aging.

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Satellite images confirm uneven impact of climate change

Researchers have been following vegetation trends across the planet's driest areas using satellite imagery from recent decades. They have identified a troubling trend: Too little vegetation is sprouting up from rainwater in developing nations, whereas things are headed in the opposite direction in wealthier ones. As a result, the future could see food shortages and growing numbers of climate refugees.

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Aim to exceed weekly recommended physical activity level to offset health harms of prolonged sitting

The health harms associated with prolonged sitting can be offset by exceeding weekly recommended physical activity levels, says the World Health Organization (WHO) in new global guidelines on physical activity and sedentary behavior.

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Early birth linked to greater risk of hospital visits during childhood

Being born early (before 37 weeks' gestation) is associated with a higher risk of hospital admission throughout childhood than being born at full term (40 weeks' gestation), finds a new study.

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New wheat and barley genomes will help feed the world

Scientists have unlocked a new genetic variation in wheat and barley - a major boost for the global effort in breeding higher-yielding wheat and barley varieties.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/37bJ9CV

Study revealing the secret behind a key cellular process refutes biology textbooks

New research has identified and described a cellular process that, despite what textbooks say, has remained elusive to scientists until now -- precisely how the copying of genetic material that, once started, is properly turned off.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/2KMNViP

Understanding traditional Chinese medicine can help protect species

Demystifying traditional Chinese medicine for conservationists could be the key to better protecting endangered species like pangolins, tigers and rhino, according to researchers. Efforts to shift entrenched values and beliefs about Chinese medicine are not achieving conservation gains in the short term.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3o2BnlA

World's largest inventory of known plant species

Researchers have compiled the world's most comprehensive list of known plant species. It contains 1,315,562 names of vascular plants, thus extending the number by some 70,000 - equivalent to about 20%. The researchers have also succeeded in clarifying 181,000 hitherto unclear species names.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/36abCKe

Scientists develop new gene therapy for eye disease

Scientists have developed a new gene therapy approach that offers promise for one day treating an eye disease that leads to a progressive loss of vision and affects thousands of people across the globe. The study also has implications for a much wider suite of neurological disorders associated with aging.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3fEscVJ

Aim to exceed weekly recommended physical activity level to offset health harms of prolonged sitting

The health harms associated with prolonged sitting can be offset by exceeding weekly recommended physical activity levels, says the World Health Organization (WHO) in new global guidelines on physical activity and sedentary behavior.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3me8faG

Early birth linked to greater risk of hospital visits during childhood

Being born early (before 37 weeks' gestation) is associated with a higher risk of hospital admission throughout childhood than being born at full term (40 weeks' gestation), finds a new study.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/2J5cpU8

New plant-based gel to fast-track 'mini-organs' growth, improve cancer treatment

Researchers have created the world's first bioactive plant-based nanocellulose hydrogel to support organoid growth for biomedical applications. This includes cancer development and treatment.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/33nMOfN

High blood pressure in midlife is linked to increased brain damage in later life

Higher than normal blood pressure is linked to more extensive brain damage in the elderly, according to a new study. In particular, the study found that there was a strong association between diastolic blood pressure (the blood pressure between heart beats) before the age of 50 and brain damage in later life, even if the diastolic blood pressure was within what is normally considered to be a healthy range.

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High blood pressure in midlife is linked to increased brain damage in later life

Higher than normal blood pressure is linked to more extensive brain damage in the elderly, according to a new study. In particular, the study found that there was a strong association between diastolic blood pressure (the blood pressure between heart beats) before the age of 50 and brain damage in later life, even if the diastolic blood pressure was within what is normally considered to be a healthy range.

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Cutting edge technology to bioprint mini-kidneys

Researchers have used cutting edge technology to bioprint miniature human kidneys in the lab, paving the way for new treatments for kidney failure and possibly lab-grown transplants.

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Simple new testing method aims to improve time-release drugs

Engineers filled a glass tube bent like a tuning fork, kept vibrating by a circuit at its resonance frequency, with simulated stomach and intestine contents and passed an over-the-counter time-release drug granule through the tube. They observed a brief change in the frequency. When plotted, they could compare the peaks of resonance frequency against the time to learn the buoyant mass of the drug granule at that moment.

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Team uses copper to image Alzheimer's aggregates in the brain

A proof-of-concept study conducted in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease offers new evidence that copper isotopes can be used to detect the amyloid-beta protein deposits that form in the brains of people living with -- or at risk of developing -- Alzheimer's.

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Cutting edge technology to bioprint mini-kidneys

Researchers have used cutting edge technology to bioprint miniature human kidneys in the lab, paving the way for new treatments for kidney failure and possibly lab-grown transplants.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/2V14SI7

Simple new testing method aims to improve time-release drugs

Engineers filled a glass tube bent like a tuning fork, kept vibrating by a circuit at its resonance frequency, with simulated stomach and intestine contents and passed an over-the-counter time-release drug granule through the tube. They observed a brief change in the frequency. When plotted, they could compare the peaks of resonance frequency against the time to learn the buoyant mass of the drug granule at that moment.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/33gHbQt

Team uses copper to image Alzheimer's aggregates in the brain

A proof-of-concept study conducted in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease offers new evidence that copper isotopes can be used to detect the amyloid-beta protein deposits that form in the brains of people living with -- or at risk of developing -- Alzheimer's.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3nWSuoS

Sestrin makes fruit flies live longer

Researchers identify positive effector behind reduced food intake.

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Channeling the immune system for head and neck cancer

Researchers have discovered new clues into why some people with head and neck cancer respond to immunotherapy, while others don't.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3m4HOUI

Novel chemical process a first step to making nuclear fuel with fire

Developing safe and sustainable fuels for nuclear energy is an integral part of an energy security mission.

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Researchers go underwater to study how sponge species vanished

Researchers embarked on an underwater journey to solve a mystery: Why did sponges of the Agelas oroides species, which used to be common in the shallow waters along the Mediterranean coast of Israel, disappear? The researchers believe that the main reason for the disappearance of the sponges was the rise in seawater temperatures during the summer months, which in the past 60 years have risen by about 3°C (37°F).

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Sestrin makes fruit flies live longer

Researchers identify positive effector behind reduced food intake.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3m61sQ5

Secrets of the 'lost crops' revealed where bison roam

Blame it on the bison. If not for the wooly, boulder-sized beasts that once roamed North America in vast herds, ancient people might have looked past the little barley that grew under those thundering hooves. But the people soon came to rely on little barley and other small-seeded native plants as staple food.

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Channeling the immune system for head and neck cancer

Researchers have discovered new clues into why some people with head and neck cancer respond to immunotherapy, while others don't.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3m4HOUI

Understanding the utility of plasmas for medical applications

Plasma medicine is an emerging field, as plasmas show promise for use in a wide range of therapies from wound healing to cancer treatment, and plasma jets are the main plasma sources typically used in plasma-surface applications. To better understand how plasma jets modify the surfaces of biological tissue, researchers conducted computer simulations of the interaction between an atmospheric pressure plasma jet with a surface that has properties similar to blood serum.

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Creating higher energy density lithium-ion batteries for renewable energy applications

Lithium-ion batteries that function as high-performance power sources for renewable applications, such as electric vehicles and consumer electronics, require electrodes that deliver high energy density without compromising cell lifetimes. Researchers investigate the origins of degradation in high energy density LIB cathode materials and develop strategies for mitigating those degradation mechanisms and improving LIB performance.

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How the brain 're-wires' after disease

Researchers are studying how the brain re-wires itself in neurological disease. The team is building treatments for today's more common global conditions like Motor Neuron Disease (MND/ALS) and Spinal Muscular Atrophy and their findings could impact rehabilitation for patients, the discovery of effective drugs and quantifying the potential efficacy of new therapies.

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Shining a light on nanoscale dynamics

Watching metamaterials at work in real time using ultrafast electron diffraction: a research team succeeds in using ultrashort electron pulses to measure light-matter interactions in nanophotonic materials and metamaterials.

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Decoding gigantic insect genome could help tackle devastating locust crises

A 'game changing' study deciphering the genetic material of the desert locust could help combat the crop-ravaging behavior of the notorious insect pest which currently exacerbates a hunger crisis across many developing countries.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/2JemygB

Understanding the utility of plasmas for medical applications

Plasma medicine is an emerging field, as plasmas show promise for use in a wide range of therapies from wound healing to cancer treatment, and plasma jets are the main plasma sources typically used in plasma-surface applications. To better understand how plasma jets modify the surfaces of biological tissue, researchers conducted computer simulations of the interaction between an atmospheric pressure plasma jet with a surface that has properties similar to blood serum.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3m6uYp4

How the brain 're-wires' after disease

Researchers are studying how the brain re-wires itself in neurological disease. The team is building treatments for today's more common global conditions like Motor Neuron Disease (MND/ALS) and Spinal Muscular Atrophy and their findings could impact rehabilitation for patients, the discovery of effective drugs and quantifying the potential efficacy of new therapies.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/33gDgmG

Heading the ball in soccer: Blindfolded players

Researchers find that blind soccer players rotate their heads downward when trapping an incoming pass. This work may lead to an improved understanding of the sensory changes that can manifest in visually impaired individuals.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/37bbqJI

Microbes help unlock phosphorus for plant growth

A research team has shown that microbes taken from trees growing beside pristine mountain-fed streams in Western Washington could make phosphorus trapped in soils more accessible to agricultural crops.

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T. rex had huge growth spurts, but other dinos grew slow and steady

By cutting into dinosaur bones and analyzing the growth lines, a team of researchers discovered that T. rex and its closest relatives got big thanks to a huge growth spurt in adolescence, while its more distant cousins kept on growing a little bit every year throughout their lives.

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AI system discovers useful new material

When the words 'artificial intelligence' (AI) come to mind, your first thoughts may be of super-smart computers, or robots that perform tasks without needing any help from humans. Now, a multi-institutional team has accomplished something not too far off: They developed an AI algorithm called CAMEO that discovered a potentially useful new material without requiring additional training from scientists.

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Which speaker are you listening to? Hearing aid of the future uses brainwaves to find out

In a noisy room with many speakers, hearing aids can suppress background noise, but they have difficulties isolating one voice - that of the person you're talking to at a party, for instance. Researchers have now addressed that issue with a technique that uses brainwaves to determine within one second whom you're listening to.

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Brain waves guide us in spotlighting surprises

Neuroscientists have found that the dynamic interplay of different brain wave frequencies, rather than dedicated circuitry, appears to govern the brain's knack for highlighting what's surprising and downplaying what's predictable.

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Stronger memories can help us make sense of future changes

Research finds a new relationship between memory and the ability to incorporate changes into one's understanding of the world.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3m4J4Hr

Lung-on-chip provides new insight on body's response to early tuberculosis infection

Scientists have developed a lung-on-chip model to study how the body responds to early tuberculosis (TB) infection.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/37kqDsn

Which speaker are you listening to? Hearing aid of the future uses brainwaves to find out

In a noisy room with many speakers, hearing aids can suppress background noise, but they have difficulties isolating one voice - that of the person you're talking to at a party, for instance. Researchers have now addressed that issue with a technique that uses brainwaves to determine within one second whom you're listening to.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/33evnOI

Why experiences are better gifts for older children

What should we get for our kids this holiday? As children get older, giving them something they can experience (live through) instead of material things makes them happier, according to new research.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/39e9bZ4

Hormone found to switch off hunger could help tackle obesity

A hormone that can suppress food intake and increase the feeling of fullness in mice has shown similar results in humans and non-human primates, says a new study.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/2J7I1rE

Stress in pregnancy may influence baby brain development

Infants' brains may be shaped by levels of stress their mother experiences during pregnancy, a brain scanning study has revealed.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3pV4Gbz

World's first: Drug guides stem cells to desired location, improving their ability to heal

Scientists have created a drug that can lure stem cells to damaged tissue and improve treatment efficacy -- a scientific first and major advance for the field of regenerative medicine.

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AI helps scientists understand brain activity behind thoughts

Researchers have developed artificial intelligence (AI) models that help them better understand the brain computations that underlie thoughts.

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Mother's touch lingers in her child's genes

Mothers leave their mark on their children in many ways - and researchers have discovered a protein called SMCHD1 is involved in this 'imprinting' process. SMCHD1 switches certain genes off, altering how a cell behaves. The new research has revealed that when an egg cell (or oocyte) is fertilized by a sperm, the egg cell's SMCHD1 lingers within the developing embryo, switching off at least 10 different genes and impacting the embryo's development - which could potentially have a lifelong impact on the offspring.

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Brain waves guide us in spotlighting surprises

Neuroscientists have found that the dynamic interplay of different brain wave frequencies, rather than dedicated circuitry, appears to govern the brain's knack for highlighting what's surprising and downplaying what's predictable.

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Cocoa flavanols boost brain oxygenation, cognition in healthy adults

The brains of healthy adults recovered faster from a mild vascular challenge and performed better on complex tests if the participants consumed cocoa flavanols beforehand, researchers report. In the study, 14 of 18 participants saw these improvements after ingesting the flavanols.

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Cocoa flavanols boost brain oxygenation, cognition in healthy adults

The brains of healthy adults recovered faster from a mild vascular challenge and performed better on complex tests if the participants consumed cocoa flavanols beforehand, researchers report. In the study, 14 of 18 participants saw these improvements after ingesting the flavanols.

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1 in 3 who are aware of deepfakes say they have inadvertently shared them on social media

A new study has found that one in three Singaporeans who said they were aware of deepfakes believe they have circulated deepfake content on social media which they later found out was a hoax. When compared to a similar demographic in the United States, the study found that those in the US were more aware of deepfakes. More reported sharing content that they later learnt was a deepfake in the US than in Singapore.

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1 in 3 who are aware of deepfakes say they have inadvertently shared them on social media

A new study has found that one in three Singaporeans who said they were aware of deepfakes believe they have circulated deepfake content on social media which they later found out was a hoax. When compared to a similar demographic in the United States, the study found that those in the US were more aware of deepfakes. More reported sharing content that they later learnt was a deepfake in the US than in Singapore.

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Supersized wind turbines generate clean energy--and surprising physics

As wind energy scales up, researchers study the fluid dynamics challenges.

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Tracking and fighting fires on earth and beyond

Scientists demonstrate how fires burn and spread under different environmental conditions.

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The science of windy cities

Researchers model urban airflows to help improve the design of drones, skyscrapers, and natural ventilation systems.

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Ancient people relied on coastal environments to survive the Last Glacial Maximum

Excavations on the south coast of South Africa have uncovered evidence of human occupations from the end of the last ice age, approximately 35,000 years ago, through the complex transition to the modern time, known as the Holocene and adaptions that were key to our species ability to survive wide climate and environmental fluctuations.

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Indonesian wildfires a 'fixable problem'

Indonesian wildfires that cause widespread air pollution and vast carbon emissions are a 'fixable problem', according to the leader of a project set up to help tackle the issue.

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Genetics behind deadly oat blight

A multi-institution team has identified the genetic mechanisms that enable the production of a deadly toxin called Victorin - the causal agent for Victoria blight of oats, a disease that wiped out oat crops in the U.S. in the 1940s.

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Did early life need long, complex molecules to make cell-like compartments?

Protocell compartments used as models for an important step in the early evolution of life on Earth can be made from short polymers.

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Researchers overcome barriers for bio-inspired solar energy harvesting materials

Inspired by nature, researchers can demonstrate a synthetic strategy to stabilize bio-inspired solar energy harvesting materials. Their findings could be a significant breakthrough in functionalizing molecular assemblies for future solar energy conversion technologies.

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Milky Way family tree

Galaxies formed by the merging of smaller progenitor galaxies. An international team of astrophysicists has succeeded in reconstructing the merger history of our home galaxy, creating a complete family tree. To achieve this, the researchers analyzed the properties of globular clusters orbiting the Milky Way with artificial intelligence. Their investigations revealed a previously unknown galaxy collision that must have permanently altered the appearance of the Milky Way.

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Concussion risk in stunt performers

Researchers are shining a light on a segment of concussion patients who often go unnoticed in comparison to athletes: performing artists.

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Helicates meet Rotaxanes to create promise for future disease treatment

A new approach to treating cancers and other diseases that uses a mechanically interlocked molecule as a 'magic bullet' has been designed.

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Proteins in motion

Membrane proteins are more efficient at reaching distal dendrites than soluble proteins.

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Breakthrough in studying the enzyme that ultimately produces fish odor syndrome

Fish odor syndrome (trimethylaminuria) is a debilitating disease, in which the liver cannot break down the smelly chemical trimethylamine which is produced by enzymes from bacteria residing in the gut leaving people with a fish like odor. Researchers are paving the way to prevent the syndrome after a breakthrough in studying the enzyme in the gut which produces trimethylamine.

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Concussion risk in stunt performers

Researchers are shining a light on a segment of concussion patients who often go unnoticed in comparison to athletes: performing artists.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3756dDc

Helicates meet Rotaxanes to create promise for future disease treatment

A new approach to treating cancers and other diseases that uses a mechanically interlocked molecule as a 'magic bullet' has been designed.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3mbKCQd

Proteins in motion

Membrane proteins are more efficient at reaching distal dendrites than soluble proteins.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3kXZSyy

Shift in atmospheric rivers could affect Antarctic sea ice, glaciers

Weather systems responsible for transporting moisture from the tropics to temperate regions in the Southern Hemisphere have been gradually shifting toward the South Pole for the past 40 years, a trend which could lead to increased rates of ice melt in Antarctica, according to new research.

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Changes in fire activity are threatening more than 4,400 species globally

More than 4,400 species across the globe are at risk from extinction because of changes in fire activity says a new article.

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Scientists' atomic resolution protein models reveal new details about protein binding

Atom-scale models of proteins that incorporate ligands, like drug molecules, shows a strong correlation between minimally frustrated binding sites and drug specificity. Such models could lead to better-designed drugs with fewer side effects.

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What do slight arm movements reveal about our breathing and health?

Special activity trackers can be used to fairly accurately determine the respiratory rate of people while they sleep. In the future, activity trackers could be used to detect the early stages of a disease, as a person's respiratory rate can indicate signs of an undetected medical problem.

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Newfound ability to change baby brain activity could lead to rehabilitation for injured brains

Researchers have identified the brain activity for the first time in a newborn baby when they are learning an association between different types of sensory experiences. Using advanced MRI scanning techniques and robotics, the researchers found that a baby's brain activity can be changed through these associations, shedding new light on the possibility of rehabilitating babies with injured brains and promoting the development of life-long skills such as speech, language and movement.

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Scientists make sound-waves from a quantum vacuum at the Black Hole laboratory

Researchers have developed a new theory for observing a quantum vacuum that could lead to new insights into the behaviour of black holes.

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Magnetic brain waves to detect injury and disease

Researchers have designed a new Optically Pumped Magnetometer (OPM) sensor for magnetoencephalography (MEG). The sensor is smaller and more robust in detecting magnetic brain signals and distinguishing them from background noise than existing sensors. Benchmarking tests showed good performance in environmental conditions where other sensors do not work, and it is able to detect brain signals against background magnetic noise, raising the possibility of MEG testing outside a specialised unit.

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Coppery titi monkeys do not deceive their partners

Since methods for genetic paternity analyses were introduced it became clear that many pair-living animal species, including humans, do not take partnership fidelity that seriously. In most species there is some proportion of offspring that is not sired by their social father. Coppery titi monkeys living in the Amazon lowland rainforest seem to be an exception. Scientists could not find evidence for extra-pair paternity in their study population in Peru. Mate choice seems to be so successful that a potential genetic advantage does not outweigh the social costs of infidelity.

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Identical evolution of isolated organisms

Palaeontologists have provided new proof of parallel evolution: conodonts, early vertebrates from the Permian period, adapted to new habitats in almost identical ways despite living in different geographical regions. The researchers were able to prove that this was the case using fossil teeth found in different geographical locations.

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Scientists' atomic resolution protein models reveal new details about protein binding

Atom-scale models of proteins that incorporate ligands, like drug molecules, shows a strong correlation between minimally frustrated binding sites and drug specificity. Such models could lead to better-designed drugs with fewer side effects.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3pUo74j

What do slight arm movements reveal about our breathing and health?

Special activity trackers can be used to fairly accurately determine the respiratory rate of people while they sleep. In the future, activity trackers could be used to detect the early stages of a disease, as a person's respiratory rate can indicate signs of an undetected medical problem.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/2USVkih

Newfound ability to change baby brain activity could lead to rehabilitation for injured brains

Researchers have identified the brain activity for the first time in a newborn baby when they are learning an association between different types of sensory experiences. Using advanced MRI scanning techniques and robotics, the researchers found that a baby's brain activity can be changed through these associations, shedding new light on the possibility of rehabilitating babies with injured brains and promoting the development of life-long skills such as speech, language and movement.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3nQkt9I

Magnetic brain waves to detect injury and disease

Researchers have designed a new Optically Pumped Magnetometer (OPM) sensor for magnetoencephalography (MEG). The sensor is smaller and more robust in detecting magnetic brain signals and distinguishing them from background noise than existing sensors. Benchmarking tests showed good performance in environmental conditions where other sensors do not work, and it is able to detect brain signals against background magnetic noise, raising the possibility of MEG testing outside a specialised unit.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/2IS1Eo3

U.S. should look at how other high-income countries regulate health care costs, experts urge

Structuring negotiations between insurers and providers, standardizing fee-for-service payments and negotiating prices can lower the United States' health care spending by slowing the rate at which healthcare prices increase, according to a new study.

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Breaking the ice on melting and freezing

Researchers have shared new insights into melting icebergs and lake ice formation.

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Folding of SARS-CoV2 genome reveals drug targets -- and preparation for 'SARS-CoV3'

Researchers report having observed the RNA folding structures of the SARS-CoV2 genome with which the virus controls the infection process. Since these structures are very similar among various beta corona viruses, the scientists not only laid the foundation for the targeted development of novel drugs for treating COVID-19, but also for future occurrences of infection with new corona viruses that may develop in the future.

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New solvent-based recycling process could cut down on millions of tons of plastic waste

Multilayer plastic materials are ubiquitous in food and medical supply packaging, particularly since layering polymers can give those films specific properties, like heat resistance or oxygen and moisture control. But despite their utility, those ever-present plastics are impossible to recycle using conventional methods.

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Potential cellular target for eliminating bone breakdown in osteoporosis found

By disabling a function of a set of cells in mice, researchers appear to have halted the process that breaks down bone, a potential boon for osteoporosis treatment.

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Plant evolves to stay hidden from harvesting humans

A plant used in traditional Chinese medicine has evolved to become less visible to humans, new research shows.

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U.S. should look at how other high-income countries regulate health care costs, experts urge

Structuring negotiations between insurers and providers, standardizing fee-for-service payments and negotiating prices can lower the United States' health care spending by slowing the rate at which healthcare prices increase, according to a new study.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/35UN8o2

Folding of SARS-CoV2 genome reveals drug targets -- and preparation for 'SARS-CoV3'

Researchers report having observed the RNA folding structures of the SARS-CoV2 genome with which the virus controls the infection process. Since these structures are very similar among various beta corona viruses, the scientists not only laid the foundation for the targeted development of novel drugs for treating COVID-19, but also for future occurrences of infection with new corona viruses that may develop in the future.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3fqWyLk

Potential cellular target for eliminating bone breakdown in osteoporosis found

By disabling a function of a set of cells in mice, researchers appear to have halted the process that breaks down bone, a potential boon for osteoporosis treatment.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3l2QHgt

MMR vaccine could protect against COVID-19, study shows

The measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine has been theorized to provide protection against COVID-19. In a new study, researchers provide further proof of this by showing that mumps IgG titers, or levels of IgG antibody, are inversely correlated with severity in recovered COVID-19 patients previously vaccinated with the MMR II vaccine.

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Near-infrared probe decodes telomere dynamics

A new synthetic probe offers a safe and straightforward approach for visualizing chromosome tips in living cells. The probe could advance research into aging and a wide range of diseases, including cancers.

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U.S.-European mission launches to monitor the world's oceans

The Sentinel-6 Michael Freilich satellite will extend a nearly 30-year continuous dataset on sea level collected by an ongoing collaboration of U.S. and European satellites while enhancing weather forecasts and providing detailed information on large-scale ocean currents to support ship navigation near coastlines.

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Science reveals secrets of a mummy's portrait

How much information can you get from a speck of purple pigment, no bigger than the diameter of a hair, plucked from an Egyptian portrait that's nearly 2,000 years old? Plenty, according to a new study. Analysis of that speck can teach us about how the pigment was made, what it's made of - and maybe even a little about the people who made it.

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Zebra finches amazing at unmasking the bird behind the song

Like humans who can instantly tell which friend or relative is calling by the timbre of the person's voice, zebra finches have a near-human capacity for language mapping.

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Supramolecular chemistry: Self-constructed folded macrocycles with low symmetry

The synthesis and self-organization of biological macromolecules is essential for life on earth. Chemists now report the spontaneous emergence of complex ring-shaped macromolecules with low degrees of symmetry in the laboratory.

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Zebra finches amazing at unmasking the bird behind the song

Like humans who can instantly tell which friend or relative is calling by the timbre of the person's voice, zebra finches have a near-human capacity for language mapping.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/2UUdO1L

CLCN6 identified as disease gene for a severe form of lysosomal neurodegenerative disease

A mutation in the CLCN6 gene is associated with a novel, particularly severe neurodegenerative disorder. Scientists have now analyzed the effect of a point mutation that was found in three unrelated affected children.

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New effective and safe antifungal isolated from sea squirt microbiome

By combing the ocean for antimicrobials, scientists have discovered a new antifungal compound that efficiently targets multi-drug-resistant strains of deadly fungi without toxic side effects in mice.

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A pressure sensor at your fingertips

Researchers have developed an ultrathin pressure sensor that can be attached directly to the skin. It can measure how fingers interact with objects to produce useful data for medical and technological applications. The sensor has minimal effect on the users' sensitivity and ability to grip objects, and it is resistant to disruption from rubbing. The team also hopes their sensor can be used for the novel task of digitally archiving the skills of craft workers.

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How rotavirus causes severe gastrointestinal disease

Using intercellular calcium waves, rotavirus amplifies its ability to cause disease beyond the cells it directly infects. This is the first virus identified to activate ADP-mediated intercellular calcium waves.

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Artificial intelligence-based tool may help diagnose opioid addiction earlier

Researchers have used machine learning, a type of artificial intelligence, to develop a prediction model for the early diagnosis of opioid use disorder.

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Long-acting antipsychotic therapy plus cognitive training show promise for schizophrenia

Scientists have found that the use of long-acting antipsychotic medication combined with the use of cognitive training in group settings led to improved cognition and increased productivity.

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Researchers identify features that could make someone a virus super-spreader

Researchers used computer-generated models to numerically simulate sneezes in different types of people and determine associations between people's physiological features and how far their sneeze droplets travel and linger in the air. They found that people's features, like a stopped-up nose or a full set of teeth, could increase their potential to spread viruses by affecting how far droplets travel when they sneeze.

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CLCN6 identified as disease gene for a severe form of lysosomal neurodegenerative disease

A mutation in the CLCN6 gene is associated with a novel, particularly severe neurodegenerative disorder. Scientists have now analyzed the effect of a point mutation that was found in three unrelated affected children.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/2IXCELO

New effective and safe antifungal isolated from sea squirt microbiome

By combing the ocean for antimicrobials, scientists have discovered a new antifungal compound that efficiently targets multi-drug-resistant strains of deadly fungi without toxic side effects in mice.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3pM8Fr2

A pressure sensor at your fingertips

Researchers have developed an ultrathin pressure sensor that can be attached directly to the skin. It can measure how fingers interact with objects to produce useful data for medical and technological applications. The sensor has minimal effect on the users' sensitivity and ability to grip objects, and it is resistant to disruption from rubbing. The team also hopes their sensor can be used for the novel task of digitally archiving the skills of craft workers.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/36MmhK8

Giant aquatic bacterium is a master of adaptation

The largest freshwater bacterium, Achromatium oxaliferum, is highly flexible in its requirements, as researchers have now discovered: It lives in places that differ extremely in environmental conditions such as hot springs and ice water. The adaptation is probably achieved by a process which is unique to these bacteria: only relevant genes are enriched in the genomes and transcribed, while others are archived in cell compartments.

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The secret social lives of giant poisonous rats

The African crested rat is the only mammal known to sequester plant toxins for chemical defense. A new study confirmed that the rabbit-sized rodent licks poison from the bark of Acokanthera schimperi, known as the poison arrow tree, into specialized fur. The researchers also discovered an unexpected social life -- the rats appear to be monogamous and may even form small family units with their offspring.

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Understanding lung infections in patients with cystic fibrosis

For young people with cystic fibrosis, lung infection with Staphylococcus aureus, MRSA, is common and is treated with antibiotics in the hope that this will prevent a decline in lung function. However there has recently been debate over the role S. aureus plays in CF lung disease. Researchers have used a new model of CF lungs which could be used to make better decisions about future use of antibiotics.

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Understanding lung infections in patients with cystic fibrosis

For young people with cystic fibrosis, lung infection with Staphylococcus aureus, MRSA, is common and is treated with antibiotics in the hope that this will prevent a decline in lung function. However there has recently been debate over the role S. aureus plays in CF lung disease. Researchers have used a new model of CF lungs which could be used to make better decisions about future use of antibiotics.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3nGGpEh

Climate change and 'atmospheric thirst' to increase fire danger and drought in NV and CA

Climate change and a 'thirsty atmosphere' will bring more extreme wildfire danger and multi-year droughts to Nevada and California by the end of this century, according to new research.

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Predicting preterm births

Researchers studied how family history can predict preterm birth.

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Engineered immune cells elicit broad response to HIV in mice, offering hope for vaccine

Unlike so many other deadly viruses, HIV still lacks a vaccine. The virus has proven especially tricky to prevent with conventional antibodies, in part because it evolves so rapidly in the body. A solution would require coaxing the body into producing a special type of antibody that can act broadly to defeat multiple strains of the virus at once. Scientists have moved closer to attaining that goal with an approach that would rely on genetically engineered immune cells from the patient's body.

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Breaking the power and speed limit of lasers

Researchers have developed a new design of vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) that demonstrates record-fast temporal bandwidth.

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Insights in the search for new antibiotics

A collaborative research team published an opinion article that addresses the gap in the discovery of new antibiotics.

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First map of bee species around the globe

There are over 20,000 species of bee, but accurate data about how these species are spread across the globe are sparse. However, researchers have now created a map of bee diversity by combining the most complete global checklist of known bee species with the almost 6 million additional public records of where individual species have appeared around the world.

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Predicting preterm births

Researchers studied how family history can predict preterm birth.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3kKLVUE

Engineered immune cells elicit broad response to HIV in mice, offering hope for vaccine

Unlike so many other deadly viruses, HIV still lacks a vaccine. The virus has proven especially tricky to prevent with conventional antibodies, in part because it evolves so rapidly in the body. A solution would require coaxing the body into producing a special type of antibody that can act broadly to defeat multiple strains of the virus at once. Scientists have moved closer to attaining that goal with an approach that would rely on genetically engineered immune cells from the patient's body.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/36OVAod

Insights in the search for new antibiotics

A collaborative research team published an opinion article that addresses the gap in the discovery of new antibiotics.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/2IRct9K

How the polio vaccine virus occasionally becomes dangerous

The polio vaccines heralded the elimination of polio from the U.S., saving countless children from sudden paralysis and death. In the developing world, however, outbreaks of poliovirus still occur sporadically, an ironic consequence of the polio vaccine itself. A new genetic study of the vaccine poliovirus reveals how this happens in real time.

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Researcher aids in the development of a pathway to solve cybersickness

Researchers have evaluated the state of research on cybersickness and formulated a research and development agenda to eliminate cybersickness, allowing for broader adoption of immersive technologies.

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Alzheimer's disease drug may help fight against antibiotic resistance

An experimental Alzheimer's disease treatment is proving effective at treating some of the most persistent, life-threatening antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Researchers have discovered that the drug called PBT2 is effective at disrupting and killing a class of bacteria - known as Gram-negative bacteria - that cause infections such as pneumonia, bloodstream infections and meningitis.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/2Hfz6Uu

Trees and green roofs can help reduce the urban heat island effect

Air pollution experts have found that green infrastructure (GI), such as trees, can help reduce temperatures in many of Europe's cities and towns.

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Research on environmental history: 330-year-old poplar tree tells of its life

Similar to genetic mutations, epigenetic changes, i.e. gene modifications that do not occur on the primary DNA sequence, sometimes arise accidentally in plants and can be transmitted across generations. Using trees as a model, researchers have now shown for the first time that these so-called epimutations accumulate continuously throughout plant development, and that they can be employed as a molecular clock to estimate the age of a tree.

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Motorized sensors aim to improve and speed up early-stage disease diagnosis

Researchers want to make it easier to catch diseases earlier in the process, improving patient outlooks and taking some of the load off the medical system.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/2UKGk5S

For neural research, wireless chip shines light on the brain

Researchers have developed a chip that is powered wirelessly and can be surgically implanted to read neural signals and stimulate the brain with both light and electrical current. The technology has been demonstrated successfully in rats and is designed for use as a research tool.

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Single-cell technique could provide women's 'egg health' indicators

Using the power of single-cell analysis, researchers have assessed the effects of age on egg cells (oocytes) in mice, particularly looking to identify genomic and epigenetic factors that relate to reduced developmental competence. The knowledge uncovered by this research provides new insights into the mechanisms underlying egg quality and is relevant to the development of techniques to assess the quality of human egg cells, an area of growing importance as the use of fertility treatments increases.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/38Yr1Pm

How the polio vaccine virus occasionally becomes dangerous

The polio vaccines heralded the elimination of polio from the U.S., saving countless children from sudden paralysis and death. In the developing world, however, outbreaks of poliovirus still occur sporadically, an ironic consequence of the polio vaccine itself. A new genetic study of the vaccine poliovirus reveals how this happens in real time.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/2Kd43K3

Alzheimer's disease drug may help fight against antibiotic resistance

An experimental Alzheimer's disease treatment is proving effective at treating some of the most persistent, life-threatening antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Researchers have discovered that the drug called PBT2 is effective at disrupting and killing a class of bacteria - known as Gram-negative bacteria - that cause infections such as pneumonia, bloodstream infections and meningitis.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/2Hfz6Uu

Research on environmental history: 330-year-old poplar tree tells of its life

Similar to genetic mutations, epigenetic changes, i.e. gene modifications that do not occur on the primary DNA sequence, sometimes arise accidentally in plants and can be transmitted across generations. Using trees as a model, researchers have now shown for the first time that these so-called epimutations accumulate continuously throughout plant development, and that they can be employed as a molecular clock to estimate the age of a tree.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/2ISAzjU

In the lab, scientists identify possible COVID-19 treatment

Immunologists have determined the process driving life-threatening inflammation, lung damage and organ failure in patients with COVID-19, sepsis and other inflammatory disorders suggesting possible treatment using existing drugs.

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A new understanding of ionic interactions with graphene and water

New findings could inform design of environmental technologies behind water purification processes and electric energy storage.

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In the lab, scientists identify possible COVID-19 treatment

Immunologists have determined the process driving life-threatening inflammation, lung damage and organ failure in patients with COVID-19, sepsis and other inflammatory disorders suggesting possible treatment using existing drugs.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3pFcvCa

System can sterilize medical tools using solar heat

Autoclaves, which are used to sterilize medical tools, require a steady supply of hot, pressurized steam. Researchers have come up with a way to generate that steam passively, using just the power of sunlight, to help maintain safe, sterile equipment at low cost in remote locations.

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Killing cancer naturally: New process to produce compounds with anti-cancer properties

Scientists have made a breakthrough in the development of potential drugs that can kill cancer cells. They have discovered a method of synthesizing organic compounds that are four times more fatal to cancer cells and leave non-cancerous cells unharmed. Their research can assist in the creation of new anticancer drugs with minimal side effects.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/2IRTeNb

System can sterilize medical tools using solar heat

Autoclaves, which are used to sterilize medical tools, require a steady supply of hot, pressurized steam. Researchers have come up with a way to generate that steam passively, using just the power of sunlight, to help maintain safe, sterile equipment at low cost in remote locations.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3fkfL1a

The bull Y chromosome has evolved to bully its way into gametes

Scientists present the first ever full, high-resolution sequence of the Y chromosome of a Hereford bull. The research, more than a decade in the making, suggests that bulls' Y chromosomes have evolved dozens of copies of the same genes in a selfish attempt to make more males -- a move that is countered in the female-determining X chromosome.

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Killing cancer naturally: New process to produce compounds with anti-cancer properties

Scientists have made a breakthrough in the development of potential drugs that can kill cancer cells. They have discovered a method of synthesizing organic compounds that are four times more fatal to cancer cells and leave non-cancerous cells unharmed. Their research can assist in the creation of new anticancer drugs with minimal side effects.

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Faster detection of photocatalyst-generated oxygen has big implications for clean energy

In the future, hydrogen produced from sunlight and water using photocatalysts could provide a source of clean energy. Researchers have developed a method to detect the oxygen produced from this water-splitting reaction 1000 times faster. This new method can be utilized to improve our understanding of artificial photosynthesis' reaction mechanisms and could contribute towards the development and large-scale implementation of photocatalyst technology for producing hydrogen fuel.

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Certain CBD oils no better than pure CBD at inhibiting certain cancer cell lines

Cannabidiol (CBD) oils are equally or less effective at inhibiting the growth of certain cancer cells compared to pure CBD, according to researchers. The results of their recent study indicate that future research into the clinical applications of cannabinoids should include an analysis of whether the pure cannabinoid compound or intact plant material is more effective at achieving the therapeutic effect.

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Study improves ability to predict how whales travel through their ocean habitat

Scientists recently published a study that could help researchers learn where protections are needed the most for bowhead whales.

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A more sensitive way to detect circulating tumor cells

Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer in women, and metastasis from the breast to other areas of the body is the leading cause of death in these patients. Detecting circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in the bloodstream could help doctors find and treat metastases at an earlier stage, increasing chances of survival. Now, researchers have developed a method that could more sensitively detect CTCs within the complex environment of blood.

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Study reveals how smoking worsens COVID-19 infection in the airways

Researchers using a model of airway tissue created from human stem cells have pinpointed how smoking cigarettes causes more severe infection by SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, in the airways of the lungs.

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New SARS-CoV-2 test is a simple, cost-effective, and efficient alternative for SARS-CoV-2 testing

A new multiplex real-time RT-PCR assay performs as well as the modified Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) assay, yet can test three times more patients per run, scientists report.

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Diabetes, hypertension may increase risk of COVID-19 brain complications

Some patients with COVID-19 are at higher risk of neurological complications like bleeding in the brain and stroke, according to a new study. The researchers said these potentially life-threatening findings were more common in patients with hypertension and diabetes.

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Study reveals how smoking worsens COVID-19 infection in the airways

Researchers using a model of airway tissue created from human stem cells have pinpointed how smoking cigarettes causes more severe infection by SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, in the airways of the lungs.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/32VRCZT

New SARS-CoV-2 test is a simple, cost-effective, and efficient alternative for SARS-CoV-2 testing

A new multiplex real-time RT-PCR assay performs as well as the modified Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) assay, yet can test three times more patients per run, scientists report.

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New drug can improve fertility in women with reproductive health problems

A drug that acts via the natural 'kisspeptin' hormone system in the body has the potential to treat reproductive health problems in women, according to a new study.

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New electronic chip delivers smarter, light-powered AI

New tech combines the core software needed to drive AI with image-capturing hardware - in one electronic chip. The light-driven prototype device imitates the way the human brain processes visual information. It's a significant advance towards the ultimate in electronics: a brain-on-a-chip that can learn from its environment just like humans do.

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Diabetes, hypertension may increase risk of COVID-19 brain complications

Some patients with COVID-19 are at higher risk of neurological complications like bleeding in the brain and stroke, according to a new study. The researchers said these potentially life-threatening findings were more common in patients with hypertension and diabetes.

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Moving wind turbine blades toward recyclability

A new material for wind blades that can be recycled could transform the wind industry, rendering renewable energy more sustainable than ever before while lowering costs in the process. Researchers demonstrated the feasibility of thermoplastic resin by manufacturing a 9-meter-long wind turbine blade using this novel resin.

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Geoscientists discover Ancestral Puebloans survived from ice melt in New Mexico lava tubes

New study explains how Ancestral Puebloans survived devastating droughts by traveling deep into the caves of New Mexico to melt ancient ice as a water resource.

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A regular dose of nature may improve mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic

A new study suggests that nature around one's home may help mitigate some of the negative mental health effects of the COVID-19 pandemic.

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Oil droplet 'predators' chase oil droplet prey

Oil droplets can be made to act like predators, chasing down other droplets that flee like prey mimicking behavior seen among living organisms.

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A regular dose of nature may improve mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic

A new study suggests that nature around one's home may help mitigate some of the negative mental health effects of the COVID-19 pandemic.

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Aggressive COVID testing and surveillance minimized infections

An aggressive COVID-19 surveillance and testing effort at Duke University was highly effective in minimizing the spread of the disease among students on campus, according to a case study.

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Kids mount a COVID-19 immune response without detection of the SARSCoV-2 virus, case study finds

Children in an Australian family developed a COVID-19 immune response after chronic exposure to the SARS-CoV-2 virus from their parents, a new case report has found.

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Aggressive COVID testing and surveillance minimized infections

An aggressive COVID-19 surveillance and testing effort at Duke University was highly effective in minimizing the spread of the disease among students on campus, according to a case study.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/2UCMJQH

Kids mount a COVID-19 immune response without detection of the SARSCoV-2 virus, case study finds

Children in an Australian family developed a COVID-19 immune response after chronic exposure to the SARS-CoV-2 virus from their parents, a new case report has found.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/2UD3MC9

Machine learning guarantees robots' performance in unknown territory

As engineers increasingly turn to machine learning methods to develop adaptable robots, new work makes progress on safety and performance guarantees for robots operating in novel environments with diverse types of obstacles and constraints.

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AI tool may predict movies' future ratings

Researchers, armed with artificial intelligence tools, can rate a movie's content in a matter of seconds, based on the movie script and before a single scene is shot.

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Algorithm-driven digital program helped lower patients' cholesterol, blood pressure

Researchers enrolled 5,000 patients in a remote, cholesterol and blood pressure management program utilizing care navigators and pharmacists, supported by specialists and using specialist-designed algorithms to initiate and adjust medications. Participants who completed the cholesterol program achieved a 52 mg/dl (42%) reduction in LDL cholesterol levels. Participants who completed the blood pressure program saw an average systolic and diastolic blood pressure reduction compared to baseline of 14mmHg and 6mmHg, respectively.

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Retinas: New potential clues in diagnosing, treating Alzheimer's

A study has identified certain regions in the retina - the lining found in the back of the eye - that are more affected by Alzheimer's disease than other areas. The findings may help physicians predict changes in the brain as well as cognitive deterioration, even for patients experiencing the earliest signs of mild impairment.

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Algorithm-driven digital program helped lower patients' cholesterol, blood pressure

Researchers enrolled 5,000 patients in a remote, cholesterol and blood pressure management program utilizing care navigators and pharmacists, supported by specialists and using specialist-designed algorithms to initiate and adjust medications. Participants who completed the cholesterol program achieved a 52 mg/dl (42%) reduction in LDL cholesterol levels. Participants who completed the blood pressure program saw an average systolic and diastolic blood pressure reduction compared to baseline of 14mmHg and 6mmHg, respectively.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/36KiAo7

Retinas: New potential clues in diagnosing, treating Alzheimer's

A study has identified certain regions in the retina - the lining found in the back of the eye - that are more affected by Alzheimer's disease than other areas. The findings may help physicians predict changes in the brain as well as cognitive deterioration, even for patients experiencing the earliest signs of mild impairment.

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Sharp rise in sedentary time among newly retired women evident 2 plus years later

The sharp rise of more than 20 minutes a day in average sedentary time among newly retired women seems to be maintained 2 or more years later, reveals new research.

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Teeth grinding and facial pain increase due to coronavirus stress and anxiety

The stress and anxiety experienced by the general population during Israel's first lockdown brought about a significant rise in orofacial and jaw pain, as well as jaw-clenching in the daytime and teeth-grinding at night, according to a new study.

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Show rates for asthma visits during COVID-19 increased thanks to telemedicine

A new study reveals that 'show rates' for children with asthma -- how often parents brought their kids to an appointment rather than being a 'no show' -- increased with the use of telemedicine during four months of the pandemic.

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Pesticides commonly used as flea treatments for pets are contaminating English rivers

Researchers have found widespread contamination of English rivers with two neurotoxic pesticides commonly used in veterinary flea products: fipronil and the neonicotinoid imidacloprid.

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Existing antidepressant helps to inhibit growth of cancer cells in lab animals

New research has shown that the antidepressant sertraline helps to inhibit the growth of cancer cells. The substance acts on a metabolic addiction that allows different types of cancer to grow. This is shown by a study on cell cultures and lab animals.

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Reducing aerosol pollution without cutting carbon dioxide could make the planet hotter

Humans must reduce carbon dioxide and aerosol pollution simultaneously to avoid weakening the ocean's ability to keep the planet cool, new research shows.

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Implementing carbon pricing during the pandemic could help countries recover greener, smarter

As economies 'build back better,' it may be an opportune time to introduce carbon pricing to tackle climate change, according to new research.

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Health care workers most at risk for COVID-19

Health care workers -- particularly nurses -- have a higher prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection than non-health care workers, according to a new study.

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Existing antidepressant helps to inhibit growth of cancer cells in lab animals

New research has shown that the antidepressant sertraline helps to inhibit the growth of cancer cells. The substance acts on a metabolic addiction that allows different types of cancer to grow. This is shown by a study on cell cultures and lab animals.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3f5RcVz

Health care workers most at risk for COVID-19

Health care workers -- particularly nurses -- have a higher prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection than non-health care workers, according to a new study.

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'Alarming' COVID-19 study shows 80 percent of respondents report significant symptoms of depression

A new national survey, looking at how the COVID-19 pandemic has impacted young U.S. adults' loneliness, reveals 'significant depressive symptoms' in 80 percent of participants.

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Cardiovascular factors: Effects on COVID-19 risk

A new study uses a novel approach to investigate the effects of cardiovascular risk factors on the risk of COVID-19 infection.

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Measles outbreaks likely in wake of COVID-19 pandemic

Major measles outbreaks will likely occur during 2021 as an unexpected consequence of the COVID-19 pandemic, according to a new academic article.

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Masks don't impair lung function during physical activity, study finds

While they might feel uncomfortable, facemasks do not significantly change the actual work of breathing or the flow of oxygen and carbon dioxide when worn while exercising, researchers report.

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Masks don't impair lung function during physical activity, study finds

While they might feel uncomfortable, facemasks do not significantly change the actual work of breathing or the flow of oxygen and carbon dioxide when worn while exercising, researchers report.

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Changes to the brain's reward system may drive overeating in mice

A combination of innate differences and diet-induced changes to the reward system may predispose some mice to overeat, according to research recently published in JNeurosci.

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A change of heart: New drug for HCM reduces heart mass

For the first time, a medication has impacted heart muscle thickness and function for patients with the most common inherited heart condition, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, rather than simply addressing their symptoms.

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Changes to the brain's reward system may drive overeating in mice

A combination of innate differences and diet-induced changes to the reward system may predispose some mice to overeat, according to research recently published in JNeurosci.

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A change of heart: New drug for HCM reduces heart mass

For the first time, a medication has impacted heart muscle thickness and function for patients with the most common inherited heart condition, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, rather than simply addressing their symptoms.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/32N5qWb

Henderson island fossils reveal new Polynesian sandpiper species

Fossil bones collected in the early 1990s on Henderson Island, part of the Pitcairn Group, have revealed a new species of Polynesian sandpiper. The Henderson Sandpiper, a small wading bird that has been extinct for centuries, is formally named Prosobonia sauli after Cook Islands-based ornithologist and conservationist Edward K Saul.

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Quantum tunneling pushes the limits of self-powered sensors

Using quantum tunneling, scientists have developed self-powered sensors that can run for more than a year.

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Who is the world's best super-recognizer? This test could help us find them

Psychologists are hoping a new Face Test will help unearth more of Australia's top performers in facial recognition, known as super-recognizers.

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Bursts of exercise can lead to significant improvements in indicators of metabolic health

Short bursts of physical exercise induce changes in the body's levels of metabolites that correlate to, and may help gauge, an individual's cardiometabolic, cardiovascular and long-term health, a study has found. Approximately 12 minutes of acute cardiopulmonary exercise impacted more than 80% of circulating metabolites, including pathways linked to a range of favorable health outcomes, thus identifying potential mechanisms that could contribute to a better understanding of cardiometabolic benefits of exercise.

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Cannabis strength soars over past half century

Largest study on how cannabis has changed over time finds increased strength putting consumers at greater risk of harm.

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Natural approach to antiperspirants

Researchers have just made a major breakthrough in the study of natural antiperspirants.

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COVID-19 survival among elderly patients could be improved by arthritis drug, study finds

A type of arthritis drug may reduce the risk of dying for elderly patients with COVID-19, according to new research.

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Researchers identify promising new compounds to potentially treat novel coronaviruses

Researchers have discovered new drug compounds to potentially treat the novel coronavirus that causes COVID-19. This finding could lead to the development of new broad-spectrum antiviral drugs that target viruses such as influenza, Ebola and coronaviruses.

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New saliva-based antibody test for SARS-CoV-2 highly accurate in initial study

A new saliva-based test has been found to accurately detect the presence of antibodies to SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, from small samples of saliva. Such tests, the results of which can be obtained in a matter of hours, are seen as potential alternatives to blood-sample antibody tests for research and clinical use.

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From the inside out: How the brain forms sensory memories

New study identifies a region of the thalamus as a key source of signals encoding past experiences in the neocortex.

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STRENGTH trial finds new fish oil medication did not reduce the risk of cardiac events

A medication derived from fish oil, containing the omega-3 fatty acids EPA and DHA, was evaluated in a large, international study of more than 13,000 people who had existing heart disease or who were at high risk of heart disease due to other medical conditions. The medication did not reduce the risk of cardiac events compared to a corn oil-based placebo in the STRENGTH trial.

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Cannabis strength soars over past half century

Largest study on how cannabis has changed over time finds increased strength putting consumers at greater risk of harm.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3kI8OYU

Natural approach to antiperspirants

Researchers have just made a major breakthrough in the study of natural antiperspirants.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3lAEOiR

COVID-19 survival among elderly patients could be improved by arthritis drug, study finds

A type of arthritis drug may reduce the risk of dying for elderly patients with COVID-19, according to new research.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/36DYzzz

Researchers identify promising new compounds to potentially treat novel coronaviruses

Researchers have discovered new drug compounds to potentially treat the novel coronavirus that causes COVID-19. This finding could lead to the development of new broad-spectrum antiviral drugs that target viruses such as influenza, Ebola and coronaviruses.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/2Iy60AB

New saliva-based antibody test for SARS-CoV-2 highly accurate in initial study

A new saliva-based test has been found to accurately detect the presence of antibodies to SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, from small samples of saliva. Such tests, the results of which can be obtained in a matter of hours, are seen as potential alternatives to blood-sample antibody tests for research and clinical use.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3nAcspz

Rivaroxaban may be as effective as warfarin for bioprosthetic mitral valves, AF

The RIVER trial is the largest study assessing the efficacy and safety of the anticoagulant rivaroxaban in patients with an artificial mitral valve to correct an irregular heart rhythm. Researchers concluded that rivaroxaban worked as well as the standard anticoagulant medication warfarin.

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Antibiotic exposure in children under age 2 associated with chronic conditions

Children under age 2 who take antibiotics are at greater risk for childhood-onset asthma, respiratory allergies, eczema, celiac disease, obesity and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, according to a new article. While previous studies have looked at the association of antibiotics with single diseases, this is the first to look at the association across many diseases.

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Healthy sleep habits help lower risk of heart failure

Healthy sleep habits are associated with a lower risk of heart failure. Adults with the healthiest sleep patterns (morning risers, sleeping 7-8 hours a day and no frequent insomnia, snoring or excessive daytime sleepiness) experienced a 42% reduction in the risk of heart failure compared to those with unhealthy sleep patterns.

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New method brings physics to deep learning to better simulate turbulence

Deep learning, also called machine learning, reproduces data to model problem scenarios and offer solutions. However, some problems in physics are unknown or cannot be represented in detail mathematically on a computer. Researchers developed a new method that brings physics into the machine learning process to make better predictions. The researchers used turbulence to test their method.

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Genetic code evolution and Darwin's evolution theory should consider DNA an 'energy code'

Darwin's theory of evolution should be expanded to include consideration of a DNA stability 'energy code' - so-called 'molecular Darwinism' - to further account for the long-term survival of species' characteristics on Earth, according to scientists.

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Patients taking statins experience similar side effects from dummy pills

People taking dummy pills and statins experienced similar side effects in a new study.

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Rivaroxaban may be as effective as warfarin for bioprosthetic mitral valves, AF

The RIVER trial is the largest study assessing the efficacy and safety of the anticoagulant rivaroxaban in patients with an artificial mitral valve to correct an irregular heart rhythm. Researchers concluded that rivaroxaban worked as well as the standard anticoagulant medication warfarin.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/35AEDOL

Antibiotic exposure in children under age 2 associated with chronic conditions

Children under age 2 who take antibiotics are at greater risk for childhood-onset asthma, respiratory allergies, eczema, celiac disease, obesity and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, according to a new article. While previous studies have looked at the association of antibiotics with single diseases, this is the first to look at the association across many diseases.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/36HQz0u

Healthy sleep habits help lower risk of heart failure

Healthy sleep habits are associated with a lower risk of heart failure. Adults with the healthiest sleep patterns (morning risers, sleeping 7-8 hours a day and no frequent insomnia, snoring or excessive daytime sleepiness) experienced a 42% reduction in the risk of heart failure compared to those with unhealthy sleep patterns.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3nrLEaO

Patients taking statins experience similar side effects from dummy pills

People taking dummy pills and statins experienced similar side effects in a new study.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/2UtVwED

NASA's SpaceX Crew-1 astronauts headed to International Space Station

An international crew of astronauts is en route to the International Space Station following a successful launch on the first NASA-certified commercial human spacecraft system in history. NASA's SpaceX Crew-1 mission lifted off at 7:27 p.m. EST Sunday from Launch Complex 39A at the agency's Kennedy Space Center in Florida.

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Go (over) easy on the eggs: 'Egg-cess' consumption linked to diabetes

Scrambled, poached or boiled, eggs are a popular breakfast food the world over. Yet the health benefits of the humble egg might not be all they're cracked up to be as new research shows that excess egg consumption can increase your risk of diabetes.

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Go (over) easy on the eggs: 'Egg-cess' consumption linked to diabetes

Scrambled, poached or boiled, eggs are a popular breakfast food the world over. Yet the health benefits of the humble egg might not be all they're cracked up to be as new research shows that excess egg consumption can increase your risk of diabetes.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/2H2iyPF

NASA Updates TV Coverage for First Crew Rotation Flight on US Commercial Spacecraft

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Shining a light on the role of the genome's 'dark matter' in cancer development

Innovative research has shed light on the mysterious role of long non-coding RNAs in the development of pancreatic cancer and suggests potential new targets for precision cancer therapies.

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An epidemic outbreak of Mesoamerican Nephropathy in Nicaragua linked to nickel toxicity

For over 20 years, researchers have tried to solve the medical mystery behind Mesoamerican Nephropathy, a form of chronic kidney disease that has caused more than 50,000 deaths in coastal South America. Now, researchers present the strongest evidence to date on the cause of the disease in one of the worst-hit hotspots in the region, Nicaragua, using an unlikely source, the toenails of individuals with the disease.

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Shining a light on the role of the genome's 'dark matter' in cancer development

Innovative research has shed light on the mysterious role of long non-coding RNAs in the development of pancreatic cancer and suggests potential new targets for precision cancer therapies.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3knyD00

Nearly one in five parents of food-allergic children are bullied

A new study shows that nearly one in five parents of food-allergic kids are the target of bullying by a multitude of sources.

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New family of quasiparticles in graphene-based materials

After years of dedicated research a group of pioneering scientists have again revealed a phenomenon that is 'radically different from textbook physics' and this work has led to the discovery and characterization of a new family of quasiparticles found in graphene-based materials. Called Brown-Zak fermions these extraordinary particles have the potential to achieve the Holy Grail of 2D materials by having ultra-high frequency transistors which can in turn produce a new generation of superfast electronic devices.

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Nearly one in five parents of food-allergic children are bullied

A new study shows that nearly one in five parents of food-allergic kids are the target of bullying by a multitude of sources.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3po2oBz

Study reveals physical demands of two-hour marathon

Elite runners need a specific combination of physiological abilities to have any chance of running a sub-two-hour marathon, new research shows.

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Pearls may provide new information processing options for biomedical, military innovations

Innovators are using pearls to provide potential new opportunities for spectral information processing that can be applied to spectroscopy in biomedical and military applications. The team demonstrated light transport-assisted information processing by creating a pearl spectrometer.

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Study reveals physical demands of two-hour marathon

Elite runners need a specific combination of physiological abilities to have any chance of running a sub-two-hour marathon, new research shows.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3ptg2TQ

Celebrate a safe and healthy Diwali amidst COVID-19

Experts suggest tips for people on how to celebrate a safe and healthy Diwali during the COVID-19 pandemic and pollution.

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World Diabetes Day: Focus on Nurses and Diabetes

World Diabetes Day is celebrated on 14th November every year. It aims to raise awareness about the dangers of diabetes and highlights prevention and control strategies to manage the disease.

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Pollution and pandemics: A dangerous mix

Pollution may bear part of the blame for the rapid proliferation in the United States of SARS-CoV-2, the virus responsible for the spread of COVID-19, according to new research.

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Common SARS-CoV-2 mutation may make COVID-19 more susceptible to a vaccine

A common strain of coronavirus has mutated to help it spread quickly, but the spike mutation may make SARS-CoV-2 more susceptible to vaccines under development, according to a new study.

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Mimicking SARS-CoV-2 nasal infection in monkeys

A new rhesus macaque animal model recapitulates the clinical and pathological manifestations of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) observed in humans by mimicking natural infection via the nasal route, according to a new study.

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Pollution and pandemics: A dangerous mix

Pollution may bear part of the blame for the rapid proliferation in the United States of SARS-CoV-2, the virus responsible for the spread of COVID-19, according to new research.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3eWBmfC

Common SARS-CoV-2 mutation may make COVID-19 more susceptible to a vaccine

A common strain of coronavirus has mutated to help it spread quickly, but the spike mutation may make SARS-CoV-2 more susceptible to vaccines under development, according to a new study.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/35nzd9L

Mimicking SARS-CoV-2 nasal infection in monkeys

A new rhesus macaque animal model recapitulates the clinical and pathological manifestations of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) observed in humans by mimicking natural infection via the nasal route, according to a new study.

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Once-discounted binding mechanism may be key to targeting viruses

Researchers detail subtle stabilizing effects in cells' ability to recognize coronaviruses that compromise the immune system. The discovery could lead to new targets to prevent disease.

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Chemists discover the structure of a key coronavirus protein

Chemists have determined the molecular structure of a protein found in the SARS-CoV-2 virus. This protein forms a cation-selective channel and plays a key role in the virus's ability to replicate itself. If researchers could devise ways to block this channel, they may be able to reduce the pathogenicity of the virus and interfere with viral replication.

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Learning pathways could guide children who miss best start to improved literacy by age 11

A study of 7,000 children shows that the early talk and communication experienced when very young, while essential preparation for school, does not directly impact on literacy skills by age 11. Although talking, reading, or singing to a young child is very important, children who experience this less - typically those from less-advantaged backgrounds - need not be permanently disadvantaged. By targeting specific 'learning pathways', they could be helped to catch up with their more fortunate peers.

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Connection between household chemicals and gut microbiome

A team of researchers for the first time has found a correlation between the levels of bacteria and fungi in the gastrointestinal tract of children and the amount of common chemicals found in their home environment. The work could lead to better understanding of how these semi-volatile organic compounds may affect human health.

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Once-discounted binding mechanism may be key to targeting viruses

Researchers detail subtle stabilizing effects in cells' ability to recognize coronaviruses that compromise the immune system. The discovery could lead to new targets to prevent disease.

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Chemists discover the structure of a key coronavirus protein

Chemists have determined the molecular structure of a protein found in the SARS-CoV-2 virus. This protein forms a cation-selective channel and plays a key role in the virus's ability to replicate itself. If researchers could devise ways to block this channel, they may be able to reduce the pathogenicity of the virus and interfere with viral replication.

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Thermodynamics of off-equilibrium systems

Arguably, almost all truly intriguing systems are ones that are far away from equilibrium -- such as stars, planetary atmospheres, and even digital circuits. But, until now, systems far from thermal equilibrium couldn't be analyzed with conventional thermodynamics and statistical physics.

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Making a case for organic Rankine cycles in waste heat recovery

Researchers say that cascaded organic Rankine cycle systems could improve the way in which environmentally-friendly power is generated from waste heat.

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Scientists identify protein that protects against Lyme

Researchers have discovered a protein that helps protect hosts from infection with the tick-borne spirochete that causes Lyme Disease, a finding that may help diagnose and treat this infection.

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Mental health strained by disaster

A new study found that suicide rates increase during all types of disasters -- including severe storms, floods, hurricanes and ice storms -- with the largest overall increase occurring two years after a disaster. A team of researchers examined the impact of 281 natural disasters on suicide rates during a 12-year span and found overall suicide rates increased by 23% when compared to rates before and after the disaster.

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Silicone surface mimics topology, wettability of a real human tongue

The tongue helps people taste food, but structures on its surface also help them sense textures -- something that's also very important when savoring a meal. Now, researchers have made a 3D silicone surface that, for the first time, closely mimics the surface features of the human tongue. The material could help food scientists study mechanical interactions of foods, liquids and medicines with the organ.

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Climate-adapted plant breeding

Securing plant production is a global task. Using a combination of new molecular and statistical methods, a research team was able to show that material from gene banks can be used to improve traits in the maize plant. Old varieties can thus help to breed new varieties adapted to current and future climates.

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