Frequent cannabis use by young people linked to decline in IQ

A study has found that adolescents who frequently use cannabis may experience a decline in Intelligence Quotient (IQ) over time. The findings of the research provide further insight into the harmful neurological and cognitive effects of frequent cannabis use on young people.

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'Liquid' machine-learning system adapts to changing conditions

Researchers developed a neural network that learns on the job, not just during training. The 'liquid' network varies its equations' parameters, enhancing its ability to analyze time series data. The advance could boost autonomous driving, medical diagnosis, and more.

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US must unify atmospheric biology research or risk national security, experts urge

Global circulating winds can carry bacteria, fungal spores, viruses and pollen over long distances and across national borders, but the United States is ill-prepared to confront future disease outbreaks or food-supply threats caused by airborne organisms, says a new article.

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Using zirconium as an additive in super-strong composite materials

Ceramic matrix composites (CMCs) are incredibly strong materials used in jet engines, gas turbines, and cutting tools for nickel superalloys. Aluminum oxide (Al2O3) is hard and chemically inert, and tungsten carbide (WC) is used as a superhard material, but past efforts to create an Al2O3-WC CMC yielded unsatisfactory results. Recently, a study by Japanese scientists shows that adding zirconium atoms results in improved Al2O3-WC CMCs.

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Three mental health conditions contribute to violent offenses

Researchers find a disproportionate number of inmates with violent offenses suffer from post-traumatic stress disorder, panic disorder and alcohol use disorder.

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High schoolers discover four exoplanets through mentorship program

They may be the youngest astronomers to make a discovery yet. This week, a 16-year-old and an 18-year-old have co-authored a peer-reviewed paper describing the discovery of four new exoplanets about 200-light-years away from Earth.

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Scientists discover a new pathway essential for blood formation

Scientists have discovered how a protein called Tip60 plays a vital role in the renewal of blood cells in the body. Without it, the stem cells that make new blood suffer catastrophic damage. This discovery could lead to better treatments for life-threatening blood-related diseases like leukemia.

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How the brain is programmed for computer programming?

Expert computer programmers show higher proficiency in certain behavioral and attention skills than their novice peers. To identify the responsible brain regions, scientists used fMRI to analyze the brain activities of 30 programmers of different skill level, finding that seven regions of the frontal, parietal and temporal cortices in expert programmers' brains are fine-tuned for programming. The findings could provide better methods and tools for everyone to learn programming.

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Turning food waste back into food

Scientists have discovered fermented food waste can boost bacteria that increase crop growth, making plants more resistant to pathogens and reducing carbon emissions from farming.

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Technology bolsters use of chia seeds to help improve health, slow signs of aging

A team has developed and patented a method to separate mucilage from chia seeds, yielding a protein-rich chia seed flour with improved bioactivity and functionality compared with conventional methods.

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Gendered division of labor shaped human spatial behavior

Research based on the daily movements of people living in a contemporary hunter-gatherer society provides new evidence for links between the gendered division of labor in human societies over the past 2.5 million years and differences in the way men and women think about space.

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Legal cannabis stores linked to fewer opioid deaths in the United States

Access to legal cannabis stores is associated with a reduction in opioid related deaths in the United States, particularly those linked to synthetic opioids such as fentanyl, finds a new study.

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Consuming omega-3 fatty acids could prevent asthma, study suggests

New research suggests that a higher dietary intake of long chain omega-3 fatty acids in childhood may reduce the risk of developing subsequent asthma, but only in children carrying a common gene variant.

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Using zirconium as an additive in super-strong composite materials

Ceramic matrix composites (CMCs) are incredibly strong materials used in jet engines, gas turbines, and cutting tools for nickel superalloys. Aluminum oxide (Al2O3) is hard and chemically inert, and tungsten carbide (WC) is used as a superhard material, but past efforts to create an Al2O3-WC CMC yielded unsatisfactory results. Recently, a study by Japanese scientists shows that adding zirconium atoms results in improved Al2O3-WC CMCs.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3r6yhyt

Three mental health conditions contribute to violent offenses

Researchers find a disproportionate number of inmates with violent offenses suffer from post-traumatic stress disorder, panic disorder and alcohol use disorder.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/39xhazY

Scientists discover a new pathway essential for blood formation

Scientists have discovered how a protein called Tip60 plays a vital role in the renewal of blood cells in the body. Without it, the stem cells that make new blood suffer catastrophic damage. This discovery could lead to better treatments for life-threatening blood-related diseases like leukemia.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/2MH7lqo

How the brain is programmed for computer programming?

Expert computer programmers show higher proficiency in certain behavioral and attention skills than their novice peers. To identify the responsible brain regions, scientists used fMRI to analyze the brain activities of 30 programmers of different skill level, finding that seven regions of the frontal, parietal and temporal cortices in expert programmers' brains are fine-tuned for programming. The findings could provide better methods and tools for everyone to learn programming.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3r4lBZ9

Technology bolsters use of chia seeds to help improve health, slow signs of aging

A team has developed and patented a method to separate mucilage from chia seeds, yielding a protein-rich chia seed flour with improved bioactivity and functionality compared with conventional methods.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3crrtHL

Gendered division of labor shaped human spatial behavior

Research based on the daily movements of people living in a contemporary hunter-gatherer society provides new evidence for links between the gendered division of labor in human societies over the past 2.5 million years and differences in the way men and women think about space.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3r5gqIk

Legal cannabis stores linked to fewer opioid deaths in the United States

Access to legal cannabis stores is associated with a reduction in opioid related deaths in the United States, particularly those linked to synthetic opioids such as fentanyl, finds a new study.

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Consuming omega-3 fatty acids could prevent asthma, study suggests

New research suggests that a higher dietary intake of long chain omega-3 fatty acids in childhood may reduce the risk of developing subsequent asthma, but only in children carrying a common gene variant.

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Hypnotic suggestions can make a complex task easy by helping vision fill in the blanks

New research demonstrates that hypnosis -- the process of focusing a person's attention on a specific task or sensation -- can turn a normally difficult visual task into a far easier one by helping individuals mentally 'fill in the gaps' of missing visual cues.

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Technology could upend DNA sequencing for diagnosing certain DNA mutations

Doctors are increasingly using genetic signatures to diagnose diseases and determine the best course of care, but using DNA sequencing and other techniques to detect genomic rearrangements remains costly or limited in capabilities. However, an innovative breakthrough promises to diagnose DNA rearrangement mutations at a fraction of the cost with improved accuracy.

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By changing their shape, some bacteria can grow more resilient to antibiotics

New research demonstrates how certain types of bacteria can adapt to long-term exposure to antibiotics by changing their shape.

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Turning on the switch for plasticity in the human brain

Scientists describe how glutamate signals are transmitted across synapses to turn on the switch for synapatic plasticity, the ability of synapses to strengthen or weaken over time in response to increases or decreases in their activity.

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Detecting ADHD with near perfect accuracy

A new study has identified how specific communication among different brain regions, known as brain connectivity, can serve as a biomarker for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

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Pioneering research unravels hidden origins of Eastern Asia's 'land of milk and honey'

A study has revealed for the first time the ancient origins of one of the world's most important ecosystems by unlocking the mechanism which determined the evolution of its mountains and how they shaped the weather there as well as its flora and fauna.

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A little soap simplifies making 2D nanoflakes

The right combination of surfactant, water and processing can maximize the quality of 2D hexagonal boron nitride for such products as antibacterial films.

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New report charts path toward superior earthquake recovery

A committee of experts has urged officials at all levels of government to support research and policies that could help get the buildings and services society depends on up and running quickly after an earthquake. In a report delivered to Congress, the committee outlines seven recommendations that, if acted upon, may greatly improve the resilience of communities across the nation.

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A metalens for virtual and augmented reality

Researchers have developed a two-millimeter achromatic metalenses that can focus RGB (red, blue, green) colors without aberrations and developed a miniaturized display for virtual and augmented reality applications.

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By changing their shape, some bacteria can grow more resilient to antibiotics

New research demonstrates how certain types of bacteria can adapt to long-term exposure to antibiotics by changing their shape.

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Turning on the switch for plasticity in the human brain

Scientists describe how glutamate signals are transmitted across synapses to turn on the switch for synapatic plasticity, the ability of synapses to strengthen or weaken over time in response to increases or decreases in their activity.

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Detecting ADHD with near perfect accuracy

A new study has identified how specific communication among different brain regions, known as brain connectivity, can serve as a biomarker for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

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First ever 'pioneer' factor found in plants enables cells to change their fate

To start the process of unpacking tightly bundled genetic material, plants depend on the LEAFY pioneer protein, according biologists.

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How breast cancer cells hide from immune attack

Researchers at the Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center have identified how breast cancer cells hide from immune cells to stay alive. The discovery could lead to better immunotherapy treatment for patients.

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Pain patients who take opioids can't get in the door at over half of primary care clinics

People who take opioid medications for chronic pain may have a hard time finding a new primary care clinic that will take them as a patient if they need one, according to a new 'secret shopper' study of hundreds of clinics across the country. Stigma against long-term users of prescription opioids, likely related to the prospect of taking on a patient who might have an opioid use disorder or addiction, appears to play a role.

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First ever 'pioneer' factor found in plants enables cells to change their fate

To start the process of unpacking tightly bundled genetic material, plants depend on the LEAFY pioneer protein, according biologists.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3pCuvwz

How breast cancer cells hide from immune attack

Researchers at the Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center have identified how breast cancer cells hide from immune cells to stay alive. The discovery could lead to better immunotherapy treatment for patients.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/2Mi9jxw

Pain patients who take opioids can't get in the door at over half of primary care clinics

People who take opioid medications for chronic pain may have a hard time finding a new primary care clinic that will take them as a patient if they need one, according to a new 'secret shopper' study of hundreds of clinics across the country. Stigma against long-term users of prescription opioids, likely related to the prospect of taking on a patient who might have an opioid use disorder or addiction, appears to play a role.

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Controlling pain after surgery doesn't have to mean opioids, study shows

As surgeons balance the need to control their patients' post-surgery pain with the risk that a routine operation could become the gateway to long-term opioid use or addiction, a new study shows the power of an approach that takes a middle way.

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Juicing technique could influence healthfulness of fresh-squeezed juice

With the New Year, many people are making resolutions to eat healthier, by eating more vegetables, for example. But those who don't like the taste or texture of some vegetables might prefer to drink them in a home-squeezed juice. Now, researchers have found that the choice of household juicing technique can influence the phytochemical content and antioxidant activity of common vegetable juices.

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Controlling pain after surgery doesn't have to mean opioids, study shows

As surgeons balance the need to control their patients' post-surgery pain with the risk that a routine operation could become the gateway to long-term opioid use or addiction, a new study shows the power of an approach that takes a middle way.

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Chumash Indians were using highly worked shell beads as currency 2,000 years ago

Archaeologists show that the Chumash Indians had been using shell beads as money for at least 800 years.

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Which beverages burst with umami potential?

In a new and first of its kind study, researchers study fermented beverages to find the one with the most umami flavor. Which one wins -- champagne, beer, wine or sake?

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Which beverages burst with umami potential?

In a new and first of its kind study, researchers study fermented beverages to find the one with the most umami flavor. Which one wins -- champagne, beer, wine or sake?

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Scientists discover a new promising target for diabetes treatment

Researchers have discovered a novel and druggable insulin inhibitory receptor, named inceptor. The blocking of inceptor function leads to an increased sensitisation of the insulin signaling pathway in pancreatic beta cells. This might allow protection and regeneration of beta cells for diabetes remission.

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Efficient formation of amide bonds under mild conditions

Linking molecular components through amide bonds is one of the most important reactions in research and the chemical industry. Scientists have now introduced a new type of reaction for making amide bonds. Called an ASHA ligation, this reaction is fast, efficient, works under mild aqueous conditions, and is broadly applicable.

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Scientists discover a new promising target for diabetes treatment

Researchers have discovered a novel and druggable insulin inhibitory receptor, named inceptor. The blocking of inceptor function leads to an increased sensitisation of the insulin signaling pathway in pancreatic beta cells. This might allow protection and regeneration of beta cells for diabetes remission.

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Genetic changes in tumors could help predict if patients will respond to immunotherapy

Researchers have identified genetic changes in tumors which could be used to predict if immunotherapy drugs would be effective in individual patients.

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Genetic changes in tumors could help predict if patients will respond to immunotherapy

Researchers have identified genetic changes in tumors which could be used to predict if immunotherapy drugs would be effective in individual patients.

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Ions in molten salts can go 'against the flow'

A research group shows, using computer simulations, that ions do not always behave as expected. In their research on molten salts, they were able to see that, in some cases, the ions in the salt mixture they were studying affect one another so much that they may even move in the 'wrong' direction - that is, towards an electrode with the same charge.

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New catalyst moves seawater desalination, hydrogen production closer to commercialization

Seawater is abundant and cheap, making it a tempting resource to meet the world's growing need for clean drinking water and carbon-free energy. Now researchers have reported a new catalyst that can be made quickly and inexpensively, bringing the technology closer to commercial reality.

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Scientists capture the moments of nascent crystal formation and growth

Scientists used high-performance TEM to image the process of gold atoms assembling into nanocrystals. It was discovered that the atoms undergo a spontaneous transition between disordered and crystalline states.

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Loggerhead sea turtles lay eggs in multiple locations to improve reproductive success

Although loggerhead sea turtles return to the same beach where they hatched to lay their eggs, a new study finds individual females lay numerous clutches of eggs in locations miles apart from each other which increases the odds that some of their offspring will survive.

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Marine heatwaves becoming more intense, more frequent

When thick, the surface layer of the ocean acts as a buffer to extreme marine heating -- but a new study shows this 'mixed layer' is becoming shallower each year. The thinner it becomes, the easier it is to warm. The new work could explain recent extreme marine heatwaves, and point at a future of more frequent and destructive ocean warming events as global temperatures continue to climb.

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New catalyst moves seawater desalination, hydrogen production closer to commercialization

Seawater is abundant and cheap, making it a tempting resource to meet the world's growing need for clean drinking water and carbon-free energy. Now researchers have reported a new catalyst that can be made quickly and inexpensively, bringing the technology closer to commercial reality.

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New study unravels Darwin's 'abominable mystery' surrounding origin of flowering plants

The origin of flowering plants famously puzzled Charles Darwin, who described their sudden appearance in the fossil record from relatively recent geological times as an 'abominable mystery'.

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Putting bugs on the menu, safely

The thought of eating insects is stomach turning for many, but new research is shedding light on allergy causing proteins which could pose serious health risks for those suffering from shellfish allergy. The research identified 20 proteins found in cricket food products which could cause serious allergic reactions.

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635 million-year-old fungi-like microfossil that bailed us out of an ice age discovered

A team of scientists has discovered the remains of a fungi-like microfossil that emerged at the end of an ice age some 635 million years ago.

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Putting bugs on the menu, safely

The thought of eating insects is stomach turning for many, but new research is shedding light on allergy causing proteins which could pose serious health risks for those suffering from shellfish allergy. The research identified 20 proteins found in cricket food products which could cause serious allergic reactions.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3osq2uY

Scientists find key function of molecule in cells crucial for regulating immunity

Scientists discovered that AIM2 is important for the proper function of regulatory T cells, or Treg cells, and plays a key role in mitigating autoimmune disease. Treg cells are a seminal population of adaptive immune cells that prevents an overzealous immune response, such as those that occurs in autoimmune diseases.

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Breakthrough for laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy

Researchers recently demonstrated a novel technique: plasma-grating-induced breakdown spectroscopy (GIBS).

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Novel compound may help develop diabetes drugs

A study has identified a new compound that might serve as a basis for developing a new class of drugs for diabetes.

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Solar material can 'self-heal' imperfections

A material that can be used in technologies such as solar power has been found to self-heal, a new study shows.

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Compelling evidence of neutrino process opens physics possibilities

The COHERENT particle physics experiment has firmly established the existence of a new kind of neutrino interaction. Because neutrinos are electrically neutral and interact only weakly with matter, the quest to observe this interaction drove advances in detector technology and has added new information to theories aiming to explain mysteries of the cosmos.

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When push comes to shove, what counts as a fight?

Biologists often study animal sociality by collecting observations about behavioral interactions. These interactions can be things like severe or minor fights, cooperative food sharing or grooming. But to analyze animal behavior, researchers need to make decisions about how to categorize and code these interactions. That gets tricky.

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Study reveals precarious employment on the rise long before COVID-19

Researchers have used a new approach to measure precarious, or low-quality, employment in the United States. And, according to those findings, precarious employment has increased 9 percent between 1988 and 2016.

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T cells can mount attacks against many SARS-CoV-2 targets -- even on new virus variant

A new study suggests that T cells try to fight SARS-CoV-2 by targeting a broad range of sites on the virus -- beyond the key sites on the virus's spike protein. By attacking the virus from many angles, the body has the tools to potentially recognize different SARS-CoV-2 variants.

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Novel compound may help develop diabetes drugs

A study has identified a new compound that might serve as a basis for developing a new class of drugs for diabetes.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3t5kvOH

AI used to predict early symptoms of schizophrenia in relatives of patients

Researchers have taken a step forward in developing an artificial intelligence tool to predict schizophrenia by analyzing brain scans. The tool was used to analyze functional magnetic resonance images of 57 healthy first-degree relatives (siblings or children) of schizophrenia patients. It accurately identified the 14 individuals who scored highest on a self-reported schizotypal personality trait scale.

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Melatonin is effective against polycystic kidney disease

Melatonin, a hormone commonly associated with sleep-wake regulation, has been found to reduce cysts in fruit flies, according to researchers. It's a finding that may affect the way we treat some kidney diseases and reduce the need for kidney transplants.

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Researchers simplify the study of gene-environment interactions

Researchers have developed a new computational method for studying genetic and environmental interactions and how they influence disease risk.

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The dangers of drugged driving are outpacing drunk driving

A recent study of drugged driving shows that a sizable percentage of individuals reported the use of marijuana and other illicit drugs while operating behind the wheel.

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Hospital worker flu shots could mean fewer early deaths

Research shows that state laws promoting flu vaccinations for hospital workers can substantially reduce the number of influenza-related deaths.

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Malaria tricks the brain's defense system

Malaria is one of the most common causes of death in children in Africa. When the parasite builds up in the blood vessels of the brain, it develops into one of the most dangerous forms of the disease, cerebral malaria. Though it wasn't certain if the parasite was able to penetrate the brain tissue, now researchers have found parasites can do that and have mapped the mechanism they utilize.

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Can large fluid-filled spaces in the brain help identify those at risk of dementia?

People with enlarged fluid-filled spaces in the brain around small blood vessels may be more likely to develop cognitive problems and dementia over time than people without these enlarged spaces, according to a new study.

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Cell death shines a light on the origins of complex life

Organelles continue to thrive after the cells within which they exist die, scientists have found, overturning previous assumptions that organelles decay too quickly to be fossilized.

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Ancient proteins help track early milk drinking in Africa

Got milk? The 1990s ad campaign highlighted the importance of milk for health and wellbeing, but when did we start drinking the milk of other animals? And how did the practice spread? A new study led by scientists from Germany and Kenya highlights the critical role of Africa in the story of dairying, showing that communities there were drinking milk by at least 6,000 years ago.

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Carbon-chomping soil bacteria may pose hidden climate risk

Much of the earth's carbon is trapped in soil, and scientists have assumed that potential climate-warming compounds would safely stay there for centuries. But new research shows that carbon molecules can potentially escape the soil much faster than previously thought. The findings suggest a key role for some types of soil bacteria, which can produce enzymes that break down large carbon-based molecules and allow carbon dioxide to escape into the air.

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Cell 'bones' mystery solved with supercomputers

Supercomputer simulations allocated by XSEDE on TACC's Stampede2 have helped solve the mystery of how actin filaments polymerize. Researchers employed all-atom molecular dynamics to show structural basis for polymerization kinetics at polarized ends of actin filaments. This fundamental research could be applied to treatments to stop cancer spread, develop self-healing materials, and more.

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Fixing global biodiversity policy: Avoiding repeating old mistakes

Global goals for biodiversity must apply to all member states of the UN Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) also at national level. This is one of four recommendations for improving the global strategy for biodiversity. The researchers analyze why the goals have been largely missed so far and present concrete policy options.

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Anonymous cell phone data can quantify behavioral changes for flu-like illnesses

New method could potentially provide a useful tool to help monitor and control infectious diseases outbreaks, without comprising privacy.

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Can large fluid-filled spaces in the brain help identify those at risk of dementia?

People with enlarged fluid-filled spaces in the brain around small blood vessels may be more likely to develop cognitive problems and dementia over time than people without these enlarged spaces, according to a new study.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3cjhx30

Ancient proteins help track early milk drinking in Africa

Got milk? The 1990s ad campaign highlighted the importance of milk for health and wellbeing, but when did we start drinking the milk of other animals? And how did the practice spread? A new study led by scientists from Germany and Kenya highlights the critical role of Africa in the story of dairying, showing that communities there were drinking milk by at least 6,000 years ago.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/2M2wAUc

Anonymous cell phone data can quantify behavioral changes for flu-like illnesses

New method could potentially provide a useful tool to help monitor and control infectious diseases outbreaks, without comprising privacy.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/2NHkaS2

Reef fish futures foretold

There are markedly different outcomes for different species of coral reef fishes under climate change - scientists are now another step closer to uncovering the 'winners and losers'.

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When looking at species declines, nuances and long-term data are important

After an initial report told of collapsing food webs in Puerto Rico, a group of researchers conducting long-term research on the island took a closer look at the issue.

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The microbial life of sourdough

In a study of 500 sourdough starters spanning four continents, scientists have garnered new insights into the environmental factors that contribute to each sourdough starter's microbial ecosystem, and how different types of microbes influence both a sourdough's aroma and how quickly the sourdough rises. The results may surprise sourdough enthusiasts.

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Vaccine shows potential against deadly leptospirosis bacteria

Scientists have designed a single-dose universal vaccine that could protect against the many forms of leptospirosis bacteria, according to a new study.

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New control mechanism in innate immune system

Although the protein ITIH4 is found in large amounts in the blood, its function has so far been unknown. By combining many different techniques, researchers have discovered that ITIH4 inhibits proteases in the innate immune system via an unknown mechanism.

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Turbulence model could enhance rotorcraft, munitions performance

Design of aerial vehicles and weapon systems relies on the ability to predict aerodynamic behavior, often aided by advanced computer simulations of the flow of air over the body. High-fidelity simulations assist engineers in maximizing how much load a rotorcraft can lift or how far a missile can fly, but these simulations aren't cheap. A new turbulence model could change that.

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Vaccine shows potential against deadly leptospirosis bacteria

Scientists have designed a single-dose universal vaccine that could protect against the many forms of leptospirosis bacteria, according to a new study.

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New control mechanism in innate immune system

Although the protein ITIH4 is found in large amounts in the blood, its function has so far been unknown. By combining many different techniques, researchers have discovered that ITIH4 inhibits proteases in the innate immune system via an unknown mechanism.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3qOu96a

Drink and drug risk is lower among optimistic pupils with 'happy' memories

Teenagers with happy childhood memories are likely to drink less, take fewer drugs and enjoy learning, according to new research.

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Biologists unravel full sequence of DNA repair mechanism

Researchers have observed the entire sequence in break-induced replication, a method by which organisms from viruses to humans repair breaks in DNA that cannot be fixed otherwise but can introduce or cause genomic rearrangements and mutations contributing to cancer development.

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A microscopic look at aneurysm repair

New research shows that there are two phases of wall restructuring after an aneurysm forms, the first beginning right away to reinforce the weakened points.

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Building a corn cob; cell by cell, gene by gene

Scientists analyzed where and when thousands of genes are activated in baby corn. This allowed them to build an anatomical map of important developmental genes that can be manipulated to improve crop yield and resilience.

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Scientists identify flank instability at a volcano with history of collapse

Landslides caused by the collapse of unstable volcanoes are one of the major dangers of volcanic eruptions. A method to detect long-term movements of these mountains using satellite images could help identify previously overlooked instability at some volcanoes, according to scientists.

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Impact of rising sea temperatures on marine life

Global warming or climate change. It doesn't matter what you call it. What matters is that right now it is having a direct and dramatic effect on marine environments across our planet.

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Biodegradable displays for sustainable electronics

Increasing use of electronic devices in consumables and new technologies for the internet of things are increasing the amount of electronic scrap. To save resources and minimize waste volumes, an eco-friendlier production and more sustainable lifecycle will be needed. Scientists have now been the first to produce displays, whose biodegradability has been checked and certified by an independent office.

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A benchmark for single-electron circuits

Manipulating individual electrons with the goal of employing quantum effects offers new possibilities in electronics. In order to gain new insights into the physical origin and into metrological aspects of the small, but inevitable fundamental uncertainties governed by the rules of quantum mechanics, scientists have collaborated to develop a statistical testing methodology.

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How complex oscillations in a quantum system simplify with time

With a clever experiment, physicists have shown that in a one-dimensional quantum system, the initially complex distribution of vibrations or phonons can change over time into a simple Gaussian bell curve.

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Better bundled: New principle for generating x-rays

X-rays are usually difficult to direct and guide. X-ray physicists have developed a new method with which the X-rays can be emitted more precisely in one direction. To do this, the scientists use a structure of thin layers of materials with different densities of electrons to simultaneously deflect and focus the generated beams.

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A benchmark for single-electron circuits

Manipulating individual electrons with the goal of employing quantum effects offers new possibilities in electronics. In order to gain new insights into the physical origin and into metrological aspects of the small, but inevitable fundamental uncertainties governed by the rules of quantum mechanics, scientists have collaborated to develop a statistical testing methodology.

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Borderline personality disorder: Don't ignore it

Borderline Personality Disorder is treatable. New research is the first to show that adolescent borderline pathology follows a similar downward course after discharge from inpatient treatment previously demonstrated for adults.

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Dietary adherence and the fight against obesity

While eating less and moving more are the basics of weight control and obesity treatment, finding ways to help people adhere to a weight-loss regimen is more complicated. Understanding what features make a diet easier or more challenging to follow can help optimize and tailor dietary approaches for obesity treatment.

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3-D printed Biomesh minimizes hernia repair complications

A newly-designed 3D-printed Biomesh effectively minimized postsurgical complications of hernia repair in an animal model.

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Protein anchors as a newly discovered key molecule in cancer spread and epilepsy

Certain anchor proteins inhibit a key metabolic driver that plays an important role in cancer and developmental brain disorders. Scientists discovered this molecular mechanism, which could open up new opportunities for personalized therapies for cancer and neuronal diseases.

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First observation of the early link between proteins linked to Alzheimer's disease

Researchers demonstrate, for the first time in humans, how the first deposits of tau proteins in the brainstem are associated with neurophysiological processes specific to the early stages of Alzheimer's disease development.

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Graphene: Increased market penetration by 2025

Graphene Flagship experts identify key opportunities in graphene commercialisation after a comprehensive three-year analysis of production methods and potential applications.

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Optimal information about the invisible

Laser beams can be used to precisely measure an object's position or velocity. Normally, a clear, unobstructed view of this object is required. Irregular environments scatter the light beam - but as it turns out, precisely this effect can be used to obtain optimum information in difficult situations.

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Adding or subtracting single quanta of sound

Researchers perform experiments that can add or subtract a single quantum of sound -- with surprising results when applied to noisy sound fields.

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GEFS: Searching beyond seismology for earthquake precursors

To predict when earthquakes are likely to occur, seismologists often use statistics to monitor how clusters of seismic activity evolve over time. However, this approach often fails to anticipate the time and magnitude of large-scale earthquakes, leading to dangerous oversights in current early-warning systems. For decades, studies outside the seismology field have proposed that these major, potentially devastating seismic events are connected to a range of non-seismic phenomena -- which can be observed days or even weeks before these large earthquakes occur. So far, however, this idea hasn't caught on in the wider scientific community.

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Global demand for cancer surgery set to surge

A new modelling study predicts demand for cancer surgery will rise by 52 per cent within two decades, with low-income countries bearing the greatest burden.

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Domino effects and synchrony in seizure initiation

In a brain with a neurological disorder like epilepsy, synchronization between groups of neurons can grow to a dangerous extent when a collection of brain cells begins to emit excess electricity. Researchers used a mathematical model to explore the interplay between neurons that leads to these transitions in synchronization during the onset of seizures.

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Newly discovered subset of brain cells fight inflammation with instructions from the gut

Astrocytes are the most abundant type of cells within the central nervous system (CNS), but they remain poorly characterized. Researchers have long assumed that astrocytes' primary function is to provide nutrients and support for the brain's more closely scrutinized nerve cells; over the years, however, increasing evidence has shown that astrocytes can also actively promote neurodegeneration, inflammation, and neurological diseases.

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Promising way to find new cancer drugs

The enzymes in human cells known as histone deacetylases, or HDACs, are targets for a handful of anticancer drugs because of their ability to affect gene expression. Now, researchers have developed a new method to investigate how these enzymes work on a molecular level. This new method can also help identify more precise possible anti-cancer drug candidates at a very high pace.

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Immune cells found in the brain are behind the depression experienced in inflammation

Special immune cells found in the brain, microglia, play a key role in the processes that make you feel uneasy and depressed in correlation with inflammation. This is the conclusion of a study using mice. The results suggest that microglial cells contribute to the negative mood experienced during several neurological diseases, and maybe also depression.

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First observation of the early link between proteins linked to Alzheimer's disease

Researchers demonstrate, for the first time in humans, how the first deposits of tau proteins in the brainstem are associated with neurophysiological processes specific to the early stages of Alzheimer's disease development.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3iKrl7g

Global demand for cancer surgery set to surge

A new modelling study predicts demand for cancer surgery will rise by 52 per cent within two decades, with low-income countries bearing the greatest burden.

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The surprises of color evolution

Nature is full of color. For flowers, displaying color is primarily a means to attract pollinators. Insects use their color vision not only to locate the right flowers to feed on but also to find mates. The evolutionary interaction between insects and plants has created complex dependencies that can have surprising outcomes.

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Watching decision making in the brain

Neuroscientists and engineers have developed a system that can show the neural process of decision making in real time, including the mental process of flipping between options before expressing a final choice.

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CHEOPS finds unique planetary system

The CHEOPS space telescope detects six planets orbiting the star TOI-178. Five of the planets are in a harmonic rhythm despite very different compositions - a novelty.

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What's in a name? A new class of superconductors

A new theory that could explain how unconventional superconductivity arises in a diverse set of compounds might never have happened if a team of physicists had chosen a different name for their 2017 model of orbital-selective superconductivity.

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NASA's Roman mission will probe galaxy's core for hot Jupiters, brown dwarfs

NASA's Roman Space Telescope will conduct a microlensing survey to reveal worlds that are similar to the planets in our solar system. Now, a new study shows that the same survey will also unveil more extreme planets and planet-like bodies in the heart of the galaxy, thanks to their gravitational tug on the stars they orbit.

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Stimulating brain pathways shows origins of human language and memory

Scientists have identified that the evolutionary development of human and primate brains may have been similar for communication and memory.

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New galaxy sheds light on how stars form

Detailed observations of molecular gas in a tidal dwarf galaxy have important implications for our understanding of how stars are formed.

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New route to chemically recyclable plastics

As the planet's burden of rubber and plastic trash rises unabated, scientists increasingly look to the promise of closed-loop recycling to reduce waste. A team of researchers announces the discovery of a new polybutadiene molecule - from a material known for over a century and used to make common products like tires and shoes - that could one day advance this goal through depolymerization.

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From fins to limbs

In a new study an international team of researchers examined three-dimensional digital models of the bones, joints, and muscles of the fins and limbs of two extinct early tetrapods and a closely related fossil fish and discover these early tetrapods had a very distinct pattern of muscle leverage that didn't look like a fish fin or modern tetrapod limbs and their limbs were more adapted for propulsion rather than weight bearing.

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Watching decision making in the brain

Neuroscientists and engineers have developed a system that can show the neural process of decision making in real time, including the mental process of flipping between options before expressing a final choice.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3qWynsF

Stimulating brain pathways shows origins of human language and memory

Scientists have identified that the evolutionary development of human and primate brains may have been similar for communication and memory.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/39fuVDg

Puzzling six-exoplanet system with rhythmic movement challenges theories of how planets form

Using a combination of telescopes, including the Very Large Telescope of the European Southern Observatory (ESO's VLT), astronomers have revealed a system consisting of six exoplanets, five of which are locked in a rare rhythm around their central star. The researchers believe the system could provide important clues about how planets, including those in the Solar System, form and evolve.

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Dinosaur embryo find helps crack baby tyrannosaur mystery

They are among the largest predators ever to walk the Earth, but experts have discovered that some baby tyrannosaurs were only the size of a border collie dog when they took their first steps.

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When galaxies collide

It was previously thought that collisions between galaxies would necessarily add to the activity of the massive black holes at their centers. However, researchers have performed the most accurate simulations of a range of collision scenarios and have found that some collisions can reduce the activity of their central black holes. The reason is that certain head-on collisions may in fact clear the galactic nuclei of the matter which would otherwise fuel the black holes contained within.

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Global ice loss increases at record rate

The rate at which ice is disappearing across the planet is speeding up, according to new research. And the findings also reveal that the Earth lost 28 trillion tons of ice between 1994 and 2017 - equivalent to a sheet of ice 100 meters thick covering the whole of the UK.

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Microbes fuelled by wind-blown mineral dust melt the Greenland ice sheet

Scientists have identified a key nutrient source used by algae living on melting ice surfaces linked to rising sea levels. They discovered that phosphorus containing minerals may be driving ever-larger algal blooms on the Greenland Ice Sheet.

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Nanomedicine's 'crown' is ready for its close up

An international team of researchers has developed a new method to better understand how nanomedicines -- emerging diagnostics and therapies that are very small yet very intricate -- interact with patients' biomolecules.

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Nuclear war could trigger big El Niño and decrease seafood

A nuclear war could trigger an unprecedented El Niño-like warming episode in the equatorial Pacific Ocean, slashing algal populations by 40 percent and likely lowering the fish catch, according to a new study. The research shows that turning to the oceans for food if land-based farming fails after a nuclear war is unlikely to be a successful strategy - at least in the equatorial Pacific.

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Continuous monitoring of proteins a game-changer for patients with deteriorating health

A world-first discovery could become a game-changer for patients at risk of rapid health deterioration, such as heart complications, stroke, sepsis and cancer. Researchers developed an antibody as a biosensor, to continuously monitor rapid changes in the concentration of EGFR, a protein present on cancer cells and in body fluids.

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Women influenced coevolution of dogs and humans

A cross-cultural analysis found several factors may have played a role in building the relationship between humans and dogs, including temperature, hunting and surprisingly - gender. The analysis used ethnographic information from 144 traditional, subsistence-level societies from all over the globe. People were more likely to regard dogs as a type of person if the dogs had a special relationship with women -- such as having names and being treated as family.

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Nanomedicine's 'crown' is ready for its close up

An international team of researchers has developed a new method to better understand how nanomedicines -- emerging diagnostics and therapies that are very small yet very intricate -- interact with patients' biomolecules.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3c9WOPd

Continuous monitoring of proteins a game-changer for patients with deteriorating health

A world-first discovery could become a game-changer for patients at risk of rapid health deterioration, such as heart complications, stroke, sepsis and cancer. Researchers developed an antibody as a biosensor, to continuously monitor rapid changes in the concentration of EGFR, a protein present on cancer cells and in body fluids.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3qOCpDh

Women influenced coevolution of dogs and humans

A cross-cultural analysis found several factors may have played a role in building the relationship between humans and dogs, including temperature, hunting and surprisingly - gender. The analysis used ethnographic information from 144 traditional, subsistence-level societies from all over the globe. People were more likely to regard dogs as a type of person if the dogs had a special relationship with women -- such as having names and being treated as family.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3sQnRFb

New skull of tube-crested dinosaur reveals evolution of bizarre crest

The first new skull discovered in nearly a century from a rare species of the iconic, tube-crested dinosaur Parasaurolophus was announced today. The exquisite preservation of the skull, especially the bizarre tube-shaped nasal passage, finally revealed the structure of the crest after decades of disagreement.

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Student uses zebrafish to study spinal deformities

Molecular developmental biologists used zebrafish embryos to study a gene mutation that causes scoliosis, a sideways curvature of the spine that typically occurs in humans just before puberty.

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Lack of sleep, stress can lead to symptoms resembling concussion

A new study suggests that a lot of people might be going through life with symptoms that resemble concussion - a finding supporting researchers' argument that athletes recovering from a brain injury should be assessed and treated on a highly individualized basis.

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Depression in new fathers connected to relationship insecurities

Becoming a parent often brings great joy, but not always. Parenthood also entails challenges, stress and, for some people, it can trigger depression. A new study shows that male postnatal depression is more common in men who are insecure in their relationship with their partner.

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Single atoms as a catalyst: Surprising effects ensue

Catalysts are getting smaller - 'single-atom' catalysts are the logical end point of this downsizing. However, individual atoms can no longer be described using the rules developed from larger pieces of metal, so the rules used to predict which metals will be good catalysts must be revamped - this has now been achieved. As it turns out, single atom catalysts based on much cheaper materials might be even more effective.

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Fungi strengthen plants to fend off aphids

Researchers have demonstrated that unique fungi strengthen the 'immune systems' of wheat and bean plants against aphids. Fungi enter and influence the amount of a plant's own defenses, resulting in fewer aphids. The results could serve to reduce agricultural insecticide use.

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Shift in caribou movements may be tied to human activity

Human activities might have shifted the movement of caribou in and near the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, according to scientists who tracked them using isotopic analysis from shed antlers. The study is timely given the auction this year of oil and gas leases in the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge. Indigenous Alaskans opposed the leases, arguing development could disrupt the migration of caribou they depend on for sustenance.

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Highly functional membrane developed for producing freshwater from seawater

Researchers have developed a new desalination membrane by laminating a two-dimensional carbon material on to the surface of a porous polymer membrane. This membrane has the potential to perform highly efficient desalination because it is possible to control the gaps between its nanosheets and the charge on the nanosheets' surfaces. It is hoped that this research will contribute towards the implementation of futuristic desalination membranes.

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Defects may help scientists understand the exotic physics of topology

Real-world materials are usually messier than the idealized scenarios found in textbooks. Imperfections can add complications and even limit a material's usefulness. To get around this, scientists routinely strive to remove defects and dirt entirely, pushing materials closer to perfection. Now, researchers have turned this problem around and shown that for some materials defects could act as a probe for interesting physics, rather than a nuisance.

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Do promotions make consumers more generous?

Price promotions can have a positive effect on consumers' donation behavior because the monetary savings from price promotions increase consumers' perceived resources.

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Combined river flows could send up to 3 billion microplastics a day into the Bay of Bengal

New research shows the Ganges River - with the combined flows of the Brahmaputra and Meghna rivers - could be responsible for up to 3 billion microplastic particles entering the Bay of Bengal every day.

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New variety of paintbrush lily developed by a novel plant tissue culture technique

Scientists have developed simultaneous triploid and hexaploid varieties of Haemanthus albiflos by the application of endosperm culture, thus extending the use of this technique.

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Magnetic waves explain mystery of Sun's outer layer

Researchers combined observations from a telescope in New Mexico, the United States, with satellites located near Earth to identify a link between magnetic waves in the chromosphere and areas of abundant ionized particles in the hot outer atmosphere.

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A large number of gray whales are starving and dying in the eastern North Pacific

It is now the third year that gray whales have been found in very poor condition or dead in large numbers along the west coast of Mexico, USA and Canada, and scientist have raised their concerns. An international study suggests that starvation is contributing to these mortalities.

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Forecasting coastal water quality

Using water samples and environmental data gathered over 48 hours or less, engineers have developed a new predictive technique for forecasting coastal water quality, a critical step in protecting public health and the ocean economy.

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MRI helps unravel the mysteries of sleep

Scientists are investigating brain activity during sleep with the help of MRI scans. It turns out our brains are much more active than we thought.

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Do promotions make consumers more generous?

Price promotions can have a positive effect on consumers' donation behavior because the monetary savings from price promotions increase consumers' perceived resources.

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MRI helps unravel the mysteries of sleep

Scientists are investigating brain activity during sleep with the help of MRI scans. It turns out our brains are much more active than we thought.

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Record-breaking laser link could help us test whether Einstein was right

Scientists have set a world record for the most stable transmission of a laser signal through the atmosphere. The team combined 'phase stabilization' technology with advanced self-guiding optical terminals to 'effectively eliminate atmospheric turbulence,' an advance which could help test Einstein's theory of general relativity.

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Gastrointestinal surgery can be a 'cure' for type 2 diabetes finds new long-term study

The results of a randomized clinical trial with the longest follow up to date show that metabolic surgery is more effective than medications and lifestyle interventions in the long-term control of severe type 2 diabetes.

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Better post-surgery care would dramatically improve cancer survival

Patients' chances of survival after cancer surgery is strongly linked with the standard of post-operation hospital care, a major international study suggests.

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Friends are most valued in cultures where they may be needed most

Researchers reveal cultural and health benefits of close human relationships in a new study.

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Scientists solve a 100-year-old mystery about cancer

A long-standing mystery is why fast-growing cells, like cancer cells and immune cells, rely on a seemingly inefficient form of metabolizing glucose to power their activities. In a new study, scientists now offer a compelling solution.

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Developmental origins of eczema and psoriasis discovered

Scientists have created a highly detailed map of skin, which reveals that cellular processes from development are re-activated in cells from patients with eczema and psoriasis inflammatory skin diseases. The study offers potential new drug targets for treating these painful skin diseases and provides a new understanding of inflammatory disease. The research could also provide a template for regenerating healthy skin in the laboratory.

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Gastrointestinal surgery can be a 'cure' for type 2 diabetes finds new long-term study

The results of a randomized clinical trial with the longest follow up to date show that metabolic surgery is more effective than medications and lifestyle interventions in the long-term control of severe type 2 diabetes.

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Better post-surgery care would dramatically improve cancer survival

Patients' chances of survival after cancer surgery is strongly linked with the standard of post-operation hospital care, a major international study suggests.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3iDm4hY

Friends are most valued in cultures where they may be needed most

Researchers reveal cultural and health benefits of close human relationships in a new study.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3983Jq1

Scientists solve a 100-year-old mystery about cancer

A long-standing mystery is why fast-growing cells, like cancer cells and immune cells, rely on a seemingly inefficient form of metabolizing glucose to power their activities. In a new study, scientists now offer a compelling solution.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/367LlMa

Developmental origins of eczema and psoriasis discovered

Scientists have created a highly detailed map of skin, which reveals that cellular processes from development are re-activated in cells from patients with eczema and psoriasis inflammatory skin diseases. The study offers potential new drug targets for treating these painful skin diseases and provides a new understanding of inflammatory disease. The research could also provide a template for regenerating healthy skin in the laboratory.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/2Y7UcsO

Creating a safe CAR T-Cell therapy to fight solid tumors in children

Scientists modify CAR T-Cell therapy, making it more effective and less toxic, for possible use in solid tumors such as neuroblastoma.

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Solar system formation in two steps

Researchers have discovered that a two-step formation process of the early Solar System can explain the chronology and split in volatile and isotope content of the inner and outer Solar System.

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Combining best of both worlds for cancer modeling

Treatment options for many types of cancers remain limited, due partly to the in vitro tools used to model cancers and that results from animal studies do not always translate well to human disease. These shortcomings point to a clear need for a better, patient-specific model. Researchers suggest bioengineered microscale organotypic models can address this need.

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Creating a safe CAR T-Cell therapy to fight solid tumors in children

Scientists modify CAR T-Cell therapy, making it more effective and less toxic, for possible use in solid tumors such as neuroblastoma.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3oc5l6u

Combining best of both worlds for cancer modeling

Treatment options for many types of cancers remain limited, due partly to the in vitro tools used to model cancers and that results from animal studies do not always translate well to human disease. These shortcomings point to a clear need for a better, patient-specific model. Researchers suggest bioengineered microscale organotypic models can address this need.

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Smart vaccine scheme quick to curb rabies threat in African cities

More people could be protected from life-threatening rabies thanks to an agile approach to dog vaccination using smart phone technology to spot areas of low vaccination coverage in real time. The work could help save the lives of children worldwide.

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Scientists discover link between nicotine and breast cancer metastasis

Scientists have found that nicotine promotes the spread of breast cancer cells into the lungs.

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On the trail of active ingredients from marine yeasts

Numerous natural products are awaiting discovery in all kinds of natural habitats. Especially microorganisms such as bacteria or fungi are able to produce diverse natural products with high biomedical application potential in particular as antibiotics and anticancer agents. Researchers have isolated red yeast of the species Rhodotorula mucilaginosa from a deep-sea sediment sample and analyzed for its genome and chemical constituents. The scientists succeeded in demonstrating its anticancer and antibacterial effects.

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NSAIDs might exacerbate or suppress COVID-19 depending on timing, mouse study suggests

New research shows that non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) reduced both antibody and inflammatory responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection in mice.

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NSAIDs might exacerbate or suppress COVID-19 depending on timing, mouse study suggests

New research shows that non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) reduced both antibody and inflammatory responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection in mice.

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Bringing atoms to a standstill: Miniaturizing laser cooling

Scientists have miniaturized the optical components required to cool atoms down to a few thousandths of a degree above absolute zero, the first step in employing them on microchips to drive a new generation of super-accurate atomic clocks, enable navigation without GPS, and simulate quantum systems.

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New insights into the link between sunlight exposure and kidney damage

A new collaborative study reveals unexpected insights into how skin exposure to ultraviolet light can worsen clinical symptoms in autoimmune diseases such as lupus.

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Innovations through hair-thin optical fibers

Scientists have built hair-thin optical fiber filters in a very simple way. They are not only extremely compact and stable, but also color-tunable. This means they can be used in quantum technology and as sensors for temperature or for detecting atmospheric gases.

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See how they run: 'Exercise protein' doubles running capacity, restores function and extends healthy lifespans in older mice

A new study shows that humans express a powerful hormone during exercise and that treating mice with the hormone improves physical performance, capacity and fitness. Researchers say the findings present new possibilities for addressing age-related physical decline.

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Tiny high-tech probes reveal how information flows across the brain

A new study collected and analyzed the largest single dataset of neurons' electrical activity to glean principles of how we perceive the visual world around us. The study captures the hundreds of split-second electrical signals that fire when an animal is interpreting what it sees.

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The physics behind tumor growth

Researchers have developed a predictive theory for tumor growth that approaches the subject from a new point of view. Rather than focusing on the biological mechanisms of cellular growth, the researchers instead use thermodynamics and the physical space the tumor is expanding into to predict its evolution from a single cell to a complex cancerous mass.

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This Great Lakes fish may have evolved to see like its ocean ancestors did

In the dark waters of Lake Superior, a fish species adapted to regain a genetic trait that may have helped its ancient ancestors see in the ocean, a study finds. 'Evolution is often thought of as a one-way process, at least over deep time, but in this example, over 175 million years, we have this reversal back to a much earlier ancestral state,' one of the researchers says.

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Tiny high-tech probes reveal how information flows across the brain

A new study collected and analyzed the largest single dataset of neurons' electrical activity to glean principles of how we perceive the visual world around us. The study captures the hundreds of split-second electrical signals that fire when an animal is interpreting what it sees.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/39UHuD3

The physics behind tumor growth

Researchers have developed a predictive theory for tumor growth that approaches the subject from a new point of view. Rather than focusing on the biological mechanisms of cellular growth, the researchers instead use thermodynamics and the physical space the tumor is expanding into to predict its evolution from a single cell to a complex cancerous mass.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3sMjL0z

CRISPR technology to cure sickle cell disease

A new article reports two patients appear to have been cured of beta thalassemia and sickle cell disease after their own genes were edited with CRISPR-Cas9 technology. The two researchers who invented this technology received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2020.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/361xnvf

Message in a bottle: Info-rich bubbles respond to antibiotics

Researchers describe the effects of antibiotics on membrane vesicles, demonstrating that such drugs actively modify the properties of vesicle transport. Under the influence of antibiotics, MVs were produced and released by bacteria in greater abundance and traveled faster and further from their origin. The work sheds new light on these important information-carrying entities, implicated in many cellular communication processes, including antibiotic resistance.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/2LXrHeK

Estrogen receptors in mom's placenta critical during viral infection

A team of researchers has found a mechanism that protects a fetus from harm when the mother's innate immune system responds to a viral infection. Inflammation that would harm the fetus is dampened by a cell-surface estrogen receptor called GPER1 that is especially abundant in the placenta and fetal tissues.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3c0GHTT

Giant sand worm discovery proves truth is stranger than fiction

Researchers have found evidence that large ambush-predatory worms -- some as long as two meters -- roamed the ocean floor near Taiwan over 20 million years ago.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3p8A71h

Producing green hydrogen through the exposure of nanomaterials to sunlight

Researchers are paving the way towards the production of green hydrogen.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/2Y33l64

Burial practices point to an interconnected early Medieval Europe

Changes in Western European burial practices spread rapidly during the 6th - 8th centuries AD, providing strong evidence that early Medieval Europe was a well-connected place with a shared culture.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3c8I7eW

Climate change puts hundreds of coastal airports at risk of flooding

Scientists have found that 269 airports are at risk of coastal flooding now. A temperature rise of 2C - consistent with the Paris Agreement - would lead to 100 airports being below mean sea level and 364 airports at risk of flooding. If global mean temperature rise exceeds this then as many as 572 airports will be at risk by 2100, leading to major disruptions without appropriate adaptation.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/2Ma7NgC

COVID-19 is dangerous for middle-aged adults, not just the elderly

COVID-19 has been spreading rapidly over the past several months, and the U.S. death toll has now reached 400,000. As evident from the age distribution of those fatalities, COVID-19 is dangerous not only for the elderly but for middle-aged adults, according to a new study.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3iy8X1v

For some, GI tract may be vulnerable to COVID-19 infection

Researchers have found that patients with Barrett's esophagus may be vulnerable to coronavirus infection from what they swallow.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3qTPStJ

Patients in cancer remission at high risk for severe COVID-19 illness

Patients with inactive cancer and not currently undergoing treatments also face a significantly higher risk of severe illness from COVID-19, according to new research.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3qHIDVr

People more likely to follow COVID rules when friends and family do, research finds

New research has shown that people are more likely to follow COVID-19 restrictions based on what their friends do, rather than their own principles.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3sVYMsq

New trial finds arthritis drug no better than standard care for severe COVID-19

Adding the arthritis drug tocilizumab to standard care for patients in hospital with severe or critical covid-19 is no better than standard care alone in improving clinical outcomes at 15 days, according to results of a new trial.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/2YfvruZ

COVID-19 is dangerous for middle-aged adults, not just the elderly

COVID-19 has been spreading rapidly over the past several months, and the U.S. death toll has now reached 400,000. As evident from the age distribution of those fatalities, COVID-19 is dangerous not only for the elderly but for middle-aged adults, according to a new study.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3iy8X1v

For some, GI tract may be vulnerable to COVID-19 infection

Researchers have found that patients with Barrett's esophagus may be vulnerable to coronavirus infection from what they swallow.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3qTPStJ

Using VR training to boost our sense of agency and improve motor control

Patients with motor dysfunctions are on the rise across Japan as its population continues to age. A researcher has developed a new method of rehabilitation using virtual reality to increase the sense of agency over our body and aid motor skills.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/360XP8k

Saturn's tilt caused by its moons

Scientists have just shown that the influence of Saturn's satellites can explain the tilt of the rotation axis of the gas giant. Their work also predicts that the tilt will increase even further over the next few billion years.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3iyGpVz

Butterfly wing clap explains mystery of flight

The fluttery flight of butterflies has so far been somewhat of a mystery to researchers, given their unusually large and broad wings relative to their body size. Now researchers have studied the aerodynamics of butterflies in a wind tunnel. The results suggest that butterflies use a highly effective clap technique, therefore making use of their unique wings. This helps them rapidly take off when escaping predators.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/39Ui6xu

'Smiling eyes' may not signify true happiness after all

A smile that lifts the cheeks and crinkles the eyes is thought by many to be truly genuine. But new research casts doubt on whether this joyful facial expression necessarily tells others how a person really feels inside.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/2Y1cg7T

Oldest carbonates in the solar system: Flensburg meteorite

A meteorite that fell in northern Germany in 2019 contains carbonates which are among the oldest in the solar system; it also evidences the earliest presence of liquid water on a minute planet.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/2LSiJj2

California harbor porpoises rebound after coastal gillnetting stopped

Harbor porpoises have rebounded in a big way off California. Their populations have recovered dramatically since the end of state set-gillnet fisheries that years ago entangled and killed them in the nearshore waters they frequent. These coastal set-gillnet fisheries are distinct from federally-managed offshore drift-gillnet fisheries. They have been prohibited in inshore state waters for more than a decade. The new research indicates that the coastal set gillnets had taken a greater toll on harbor porpoise than previously realized.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/2NmskyV

Rocks show Mars once felt like Iceland

A comparison of chemical and climate weathering of sedimentary rock in Mars' Gale Crater indicate the region's mean temperature billions of years ago was akin to current conditions on Iceland.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3qHgbD7

Saturn's moon Titan: Largest sea is 1,000-feet deep

Far below the gaseous atmospheric shroud on Saturn's largest moon, Titan, lies Kraken Mare, a sea of liquid methane. Astronomers have estimated that sea to be at least 1,000-feet deep near its center - enough room for a potential robotic submarine to explore.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3qHJaa0

World's largest lakes reveal climate change trends

Sixteen years of remote sensing data reveals that in Earth's largest freshwater lakes, climate change influences carbon fixation trends.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/39SrQbt

Using VR training to boost our sense of agency and improve motor control

Patients with motor dysfunctions are on the rise across Japan as its population continues to age. A researcher has developed a new method of rehabilitation using virtual reality to increase the sense of agency over our body and aid motor skills.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/360XP8k

'Smiling eyes' may not signify true happiness after all

A smile that lifts the cheeks and crinkles the eyes is thought by many to be truly genuine. But new research casts doubt on whether this joyful facial expression necessarily tells others how a person really feels inside.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/2Y1cg7T

Much of Earth's nitrogen was locally sourced

Scientists show evidence that nitrogen acquired during Earth's formation came from both the inner and outer regions of the protoplanetary disk. The study has implications for signs of potential habitability of exoplanets.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3sMM9j1

Scientists discover how the potentially oldest coral reefs in the Mediterranean developed

A new study brings unprecedented insights into the environmental constraints and climatic events that controlled the formation of the potentially oldest coral reefs in the Mediterranean.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/391phVk

Climate-related species extinction possibly mitigated by newly discovered effect

Changes in climate that occur over short periods of time influence biodiversity. For a realistic assessment of these effects, it is necessary to also consider previous temperature trends going far back into Earth's history.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/362xsP9

Discovery of new praying mantis species from the time of the dinosaurs

A research team has identified a new species of praying mantis thanks to imprints of its fossilized wings. It lived in Labrador, in the Canadian Subarctic around 100 million years ago, during the time of the dinosaurs, in the Late Cretaceous period. The researchers believe that the fossils of the new genus and species, Labradormantis guilbaulti, helps to establish evolutionary relationships between previously known species and advances the scientific understanding of the evolution of the most 'primitive' modern praying mantises.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/39Q4ZgJ

Methane emissions from abandoned oil and gas wells underestimated

A recent study finds that annual methane emissions from abandoned oil and gas (AOG) wells in Canada and the US have been greatly underestimated - by as much as 150% in Canada, and by 20% in the US. Indeed, the research suggests that methane gas emissions from AOG wells are currently the 10th and 11th largest sources of anthropogenic methane emission in the US and Canada, respectively.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3ixqoiL

As oceans warm, large fish struggle

Warming ocean waters could reduce the ability of fish, especially large ones, to extract the oxygen they need from their environment. Animals require oxygen to generate energy for movement, growth and reproduction. Researchers describe their newly developed model to determine how water temperature, oxygen availability, body size and activity affect metabolic demand for oxygen in fish.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/2Y3YW2t

Common pesticides stop bees and flies from getting a good night's sleep

Just like us, many insects need a decent night's sleep to function properly, but this might not be possible if they have been exposed to neonicotinoid insecticides, the most common form of insecticide used worldwide, suggests research by academics.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3o9YR7X

Squid-inspired robot swims with nature's most efficient marine animals

Scientists have developed a flexible underwater robot that can propel itself through water in the same style as nature's most efficient swimmer - the Aurelia aurita jellyfish.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/2LQ1Qp2

New metamaterial offers reprogrammable properties

Scientists have developed a metamaterial whose mechanical properties can be reprogrammed on demand and whose internal structure can be modified by applying a magnetic field.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3iG3EgA

Immune driver of brain aging identified

Stanford scientists have identified a key factor in mental aging and shown that it might be prevented or reversed by fixing a glitch in the immune system's frontline soldiers.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3924PDC

Immune driver of brain aging identified

Stanford scientists have identified a key factor in mental aging and shown that it might be prevented or reversed by fixing a glitch in the immune system's frontline soldiers.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3924PDC

New starfish-like fossil reveals evolution in action

Researchers have discovered a fossil of the earliest starfish-like animal, which helps us understand the origins of the nimble-armed creature.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/394krXw

Designer DNA therapeutic wipes out cancer stem cells, treats multiple myeloma in mice

A new study supports launch of Phase I clinical trial to test a designer DNA agent -- an antisense oligonucleotide that targets a gene called IRF4 -- in patients with multiple myeloma.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/2XUWP0Y

Methamphetamine overdose deaths rise sharply nationwide

Methamphetamine overdose deaths surged in an eight-year period in the United States, according to a new study. The analysis revealed rapid rises across all racial and ethnic groups, but American Indians and Alaska Natives had the highest death rates overall.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3o1pTP8

Age influences sex-related outcomes after heart attack

Approximately 1.5 million heart attacks and strokes occur every year in men and women in the US. Sex and age play a large part in who experiences a heart attack, the methods used to treat these heart attacks, and the eventual post hospital outcomes of the people who experience heart attacks.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/2LSxeU3

Breakthrough in understanding 'tummy bug' bacteria

Scientists have discovered how bacteria commonly responsible for seafood-related stomach upsets can go dormant and then 'wake up'.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3qJgHAJ

Light-controlled Higgs modes found in superconductors; potential sensor, computing uses

Researchers have discovered a short-lived form of the famous Higgs boson -- subject of a groundbreaking search at the Large Hadron Collider -- within an iron-based superconductor. This Higgs mode can be accessed and controlled by laser light flashing on the superconductor at trillions of pulses per second.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3nZTmJ8

Fastener with microscopic mushroom design holds promise

A fastener with a microscopic design that looks like tiny mushrooms could mean advances for everyday consumers and scientific fields. Currently available fasteners are called hook and loop fasteners and require harder, stiff material. In Biointerphases, researchers describe a design that can use softer materials and still be strong. The team believes a 3D mushroom design can be made with softer, more flexible materials and provide sufficient interlocking force on the fabric and hold strong.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3sFiOHf

Research identifies genetic risk factor for stroke

A team of researchers has identified a common genetic variant as a risk factor for stroke, especially in patients older than 65.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/35U6dpY

Alcohol consumption linked to portion of cancer incidence and mortality, report shows

A new study finds that alcohol consumption accounts for a considerable portion of cancer incidence and mortality in all 50 states and the District of Columbia.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3bUl4EJ

Land deals meant to improve food security may have hurt

Large-scale land acquisitions by foreign investors, intended to improve global food security, had little to no benefit, increasing crop production in some areas while simultaneously threatening local food security in others, according to researchers who studied their effects.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/2NlMOba

Exploring the solar wind with a new view of small sun structures

Scientists have combined NASA data and cutting-edge image processing to gain new insight into the solar structures that create the Sun's flow of high-speed solar wind. This first look at relatively small features, dubbed 'plumelets,' could help scientists understand how and why disturbances form in the solar wind.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/35W3ufM

Astronomers dissect the anatomy of planetary nebulae using Hubble Space Telescope images

Images of two iconic planetary nebulae taken by the Hubble Space Telescope are revealing new information about how they develop their dramatic features.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3qBKTNQ

Unlocking 'the shape of water' in mechanisms of antibiotic resistance

Researchers captured and comparted hi-res images of ribosome structures from sensitive and resistant bacteria and report that a water molecule needed for antibiotic binding was not present in the ribosomes from the drug-resistant bugs.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/2XVhoub

Exploration of toxic Tiger Rattlesnake venom advances use of genetic science techniques

A team of researchers has decoded the genome of the Tiger Rattlesnake, which has venom 40 times more toxic than that of Eastern Diamondback Rattlesnakes, the largest venomous snake in North America.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/35WNwSG

How to train a robot (using AI and supercomputers)

Computer scientists developed a deep learning method to create realistic objects for virtual environments that can be used to train robots. The researchers used TACC's Maverick2 supercomputer to train the generative adversarial network. The network is the first that can produce colored point clouds with fine details at multiple resolutions.

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Constructing termite turrets without a blueprint

Following a series of studies on termite mound physiology and morphogenesis over the past decade, researchers have now developed a mathematical model to help explain how termites construct their intricate mounds.

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Potential COVID-19 drug is successful in lab study

A new therapy is showing success as a way to prevent COVID-19 symptoms in mice.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/38YLD9W

Appearance, social norms keep students off Zoom cameras

Researchers surveyed 312 students found that while some students had concerns about the lack of privacy or their home environment, 41% of the 276 respondents cited their appearance, as their reason not to switch on their cameras on zoom.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3nZaaQo

Protected areas vulnerable to growing emphasis on food security

New study shows croplands are prevalent in protected areas, challenging their efficacy in meeting conservation goals.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3sIFjLq

Counting elephants from space

Scientists have successfully used satellite cameras coupled with deep learning to count animals in complex geographical landscapes, taking conservationists an important step forward in monitoring populations of endangered species.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3iuw9O6

Unlocking 'the shape of water' in mechanisms of antibiotic resistance

Researchers captured and comparted hi-res images of ribosome structures from sensitive and resistant bacteria and report that a water molecule needed for antibiotic binding was not present in the ribosomes from the drug-resistant bugs.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/2XVhoub

Potential COVID-19 drug is successful in lab study

A new therapy is showing success as a way to prevent COVID-19 symptoms in mice.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/38YLD9W

Appearance, social norms keep students off Zoom cameras

Researchers surveyed 312 students found that while some students had concerns about the lack of privacy or their home environment, 41% of the 276 respondents cited their appearance, as their reason not to switch on their cameras on zoom.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3nZaaQo

ALS study reveals a unique population

The secrets long hidden in the DNA of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) living in Malta have been unlocked, according to a new study.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3bSqUX5

Eye tests predict Parkinson's-linked cognitive decline 18 months ahead

Simple vision tests can predict which people with Parkinson's disease will develop cognitive impairment and possible dementia 18 months later, according to a new study. In a related study, the researchers also found that structural and functional connections of brain regions become decoupled throughout the entire brain in people with Parkinson's disease, particularly among people with vision problems.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3sFAP8E

Clumsy kids can be fit too

Clumsy kids can be as aerobically fit as their peers with better motor skills, a new study shows.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3sDCBXG

Drinking during COVID-19 up among people with anxiety and depression

People with anxiety and depression are more likely to report an increase in drinking during the COVID-19 pandemic than those without mental health issues, according to a new study.

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One-dimensional quantum nanowires fertile ground for Majorana zero modes

One-dimensional quantum 'nanowires' - which have length, but no width or height - provide a unique environment for the formation and detection of a quasiparticle known as a Majorana zero mode, which are their own antimatter particle. A new advance in detection of these exotic quasiparticles has potential applications in fault-resistant topological quantum computers, and topological superconductivity.

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A biological strategy reveals how efficient brain circuitry develops spontaneously

Researchers have explained how the regularly structured topographic maps in the visual cortex of the brain could arise spontaneously to efficiently process visual information. This research provides a new framework for understanding functional architectures in the visual cortex during early developmental stages.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3bSTQy9

Dinosaur-era sea lizard had teeth like a shark

New study identifies a bizarre new species suggesting that giant marine lizards thrived before the asteroid wiped them out 66 million years ago.

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Drinking during COVID-19 up among people with anxiety and depression

People with anxiety and depression are more likely to report an increase in drinking during the COVID-19 pandemic than those without mental health issues, according to a new study.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3nUiaSF

A biological strategy reveals how efficient brain circuitry develops spontaneously

Researchers have explained how the regularly structured topographic maps in the visual cortex of the brain could arise spontaneously to efficiently process visual information. This research provides a new framework for understanding functional architectures in the visual cortex during early developmental stages.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3bSTQy9

Fried food intake linked to heightened serious heart disease and stroke risk

Fried-food intake is linked to a heightened risk of major heart disease and stroke, finds a pooled analysis of the available research data.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/38XFfQb

Successive governments' approach to obesity policies has destined them to fail

Government obesity policies in England over the past three decades have largely failed because of problems with implementation, lack of learning from past successes or failures, and a reliance on trying to persuade individuals to change their behavior rather than tackling unhealthy environments.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3nWafo8

Fried food intake linked to heightened serious heart disease and stroke risk

Fried-food intake is linked to a heightened risk of major heart disease and stroke, finds a pooled analysis of the available research data.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/38XFfQb

Successive governments' approach to obesity policies has destined them to fail

Government obesity policies in England over the past three decades have largely failed because of problems with implementation, lack of learning from past successes or failures, and a reliance on trying to persuade individuals to change their behavior rather than tackling unhealthy environments.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3nWafo8

Money matters to happiness--perhaps more than previously thought

Money matters to happiness, perhaps more so than previously thought, according to new research. One potential reason: Higher earners feel an increased sense of control over life. 'Across decisions big and small, having more money gives a person more choices and a greater sense of autonomy,' he says.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/2LMdwJx

New tool removes chemotherapy drugs from water systems

'What goes in, must come out' is a familiar refrain. It is especially pertinent to the challenges facing researchers who are investigating methods to remove chemicals and pharmaceuticals from public water systems. Cleaning products, organic dyes and pharmaceuticals are finding their ways into water bodies with wide-ranging negative implications to health and the environment, a mechanical engineer explains.

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New approach emerges to better classify, treat brain tumors

A look at RNA tells us what our genes are telling our cells to do, and scientists say looking directly at the RNA of brain tumor cells appears to provide objective, efficient evidence to better classify a tumor and the most effective treatments.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/2KwpE0I

Childhood neglect leaves generational imprint

Early life experiences can have an outsized effect on brain development and neurobiological health. New research is showing that those effects can be passed down to subsequent generations, reporting that the infant children of mothers who had experienced childhood emotional neglect displayed altered brain circuitry involved in fear responses and anxiety.

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Simple, cheap test can help save lives from colorectal cancer, study shows

New research has demonstrated that a simple, cheap test can help identify who is at risk of developing colorectal cancer, aiding early diagnosis and potentially saving lives.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3sBQ1Dz

New discovery in breast cancer treatment

Researchers have found new evidence about the positive role of androgens in breast cancer treatment with immediate implications for women with estrogen receptor-driven metastatic disease.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3bUDIMK

Money matters to happiness--perhaps more than previously thought

Money matters to happiness, perhaps more so than previously thought, according to new research. One potential reason: Higher earners feel an increased sense of control over life. 'Across decisions big and small, having more money gives a person more choices and a greater sense of autonomy,' he says.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/2LMdwJx

New approach emerges to better classify, treat brain tumors

A look at RNA tells us what our genes are telling our cells to do, and scientists say looking directly at the RNA of brain tumor cells appears to provide objective, efficient evidence to better classify a tumor and the most effective treatments.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/2KwpE0I

Childhood neglect leaves generational imprint

Early life experiences can have an outsized effect on brain development and neurobiological health. New research is showing that those effects can be passed down to subsequent generations, reporting that the infant children of mothers who had experienced childhood emotional neglect displayed altered brain circuitry involved in fear responses and anxiety.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/39I8buU

Simple, cheap test can help save lives from colorectal cancer, study shows

New research has demonstrated that a simple, cheap test can help identify who is at risk of developing colorectal cancer, aiding early diagnosis and potentially saving lives.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3sBQ1Dz

New discovery in breast cancer treatment

Researchers have found new evidence about the positive role of androgens in breast cancer treatment with immediate implications for women with estrogen receptor-driven metastatic disease.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3bUDIMK

Where COVID-19 hit hardest, sudden deaths outside the hospital increased, study finds

A study across New York City found that out-of-hospital sudden deaths follow the geographic distribution of SARS-CoV-2, suggesting an association between the two, investigators report.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3bRxzAM

A new archaeology for the Anthropocene era

Scantily clad tomb raiders and cloistered scholars piecing together old pots -- these are the kinds of stereotypes of archaeology that dominate public perception. Yet archaeology in the new millennium is a world away from these images. In a major new report, researchers probe a thoroughly modern and scientific discipline to understand how it is helping to address the considerable challenges of the Anthropocene.

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Students returning home may have caused 9,400 secondary COVID-19 infections across UK

A new statistical model suggests that an infected student returning home for Christmas would, on average, have infected just less than one other household member.

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Where COVID-19 hit hardest, sudden deaths outside the hospital increased, study finds

A study across New York City found that out-of-hospital sudden deaths follow the geographic distribution of SARS-CoV-2, suggesting an association between the two, investigators report.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3bRxzAM

Students returning home may have caused 9,400 secondary COVID-19 infections across UK

A new statistical model suggests that an infected student returning home for Christmas would, on average, have infected just less than one other household member.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3irLQpq

Rapid blood test identifies COVID-19 patients at high risk of severe disease

Scientists have shown that a relatively simple and rapid blood test can predict which patients with COVID-19 are at highest risk of severe complications or death. The blood test measures levels of mitochondrial DNA, which normally resides inside the energy factories of cells. Mitochondrial DNA spilling out of cells and into the bloodstream is a sign that a particular type of violent cell death is taking place in the body.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/35Rdjvy

COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil has overwhelmed its health systems, analysis shows

An analysis of the first 250,000 patients admitted to hospital with coronavirus reveals a high mortality and inequities in the quality of healthcare across regions.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/35TrAHX

Rapid blood test identifies COVID-19 patients at high risk of severe disease

Scientists have shown that a relatively simple and rapid blood test can predict which patients with COVID-19 are at highest risk of severe complications or death. The blood test measures levels of mitochondrial DNA, which normally resides inside the energy factories of cells. Mitochondrial DNA spilling out of cells and into the bloodstream is a sign that a particular type of violent cell death is taking place in the body.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/35Rdjvy

COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil has overwhelmed its health systems, analysis shows

An analysis of the first 250,000 patients admitted to hospital with coronavirus reveals a high mortality and inequities in the quality of healthcare across regions.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/35TrAHX

Climate change will alter the position of the Earth's tropical rain belt

Researchers describe future changes to the tropical rain belt with expected climate change. The changes will cause droughts in large sections of the globe, threatening biodiversity and food security.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/38ZNj3b

Inexpensive battery charges rapidly for electric vehicles, reduces range anxiety

Range anxiety, the fear of running out of power before being able to recharge an electric vehicle, may be a thing of the past, according to a team of engineers who are looking at lithium iron phosphate batteries that have a range of 250 miles with the ability to charge in 10 minutes.

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A 'super-puff' planet like no other

Astronomers discover that the core mass of exoplanet WASP-107b is much lower than previously thought possible for a gas-giant planet.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3sAI55o

Personalized brain stimulation alleviates severe depression symptoms

Targeted neuromodulation tailored to individual patients' distinctive symptoms is an increasingly common way of correcting misfiring brain circuits in people with epilepsy or Parkinson's disease. Now, scientists have demonstrated a novel personalized neuromodulation approach that -- at least in one patient -- was able to provide relief from symptoms of severe treatment-resistant depression within minutes.

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New management approach can help avoid species vulnerability or extinction

Research focuses on transient nature of species' and ecosystem stability; illustrates how prepare for possible flips.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/38Wnpx0

Low-carbon policies can be 'balanced' to benefit small firms and average households

A review of ten types of policy used to reduce carbon suggests that some costs fall on those less able to bear them - but it also shows these policies can form the bedrock of a 'green recovery' if specifically designed and used in tandem.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/2NguAYB

Synthesis of potent antibiotic follows unusual chemical pathway

Images of a protein involved in creating a potent antibiotic reveal the unusual first steps of the antibiotic's synthesis. The improved understanding of the chemistry behind this process could allow researchers to adapt this and similar compounds for use in human medicine.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/2KrgGSp

New computational tool reliably differentiates between cancer and normal cells from single-cell RNA-sequencing data

Researchers have developed a new computational tool to accurately differentiate between cancer cells and normal cells when analyzing large single-cell RNA-sequencing data.

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Personalized brain stimulation alleviates severe depression symptoms

Targeted neuromodulation tailored to individual patients' distinctive symptoms is an increasingly common way of correcting misfiring brain circuits in people with epilepsy or Parkinson's disease. Now, scientists have demonstrated a novel personalized neuromodulation approach that -- at least in one patient -- was able to provide relief from symptoms of severe treatment-resistant depression within minutes.

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Synthesis of potent antibiotic follows unusual chemical pathway

Images of a protein involved in creating a potent antibiotic reveal the unusual first steps of the antibiotic's synthesis. The improved understanding of the chemistry behind this process could allow researchers to adapt this and similar compounds for use in human medicine.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/2KrgGSp

New computational tool reliably differentiates between cancer and normal cells from single-cell RNA-sequencing data

Researchers have developed a new computational tool to accurately differentiate between cancer cells and normal cells when analyzing large single-cell RNA-sequencing data.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3qoAXHA

Many parents say teens with anxiety, depression may benefit from peer confidants at school

Three-quarters of parents in a new national poll think peers better understand teen challenges, compared to teachers or counselors in the school.

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Eliminating microplastics in wastewater directly at the source

A research team has developed a process for the electrolytic treatment of wastewater that degrades microplastics at the source.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3qpOCOu

Many parents say teens with anxiety, depression may benefit from peer confidants at school

Three-quarters of parents in a new national poll think peers better understand teen challenges, compared to teachers or counselors in the school.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3qBiVlz