Largest-ever atlas of normal breast cells brings unprecedented insights into mammary biology

A new study has created the world's largest and most comprehensive map of normal breast tissue, providing an unprecedented understanding of mammary biology that may help identify therapeutic targets for diseases such as breast cancer. The Human Breast Cell Atlas used single-cell and spatial genomic methods to profile more than 714,000 cells from 126 women. The breast atlas highlights 12 major cell types and 58 biological cell states, and identifies differences based on ethnicity, age and the menopause status of healthy women.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/7YRUTBH

Electrochemical device captures carbon dioxide at the flick of a switch

New carbon capture technology can generate a continuous, high-purity carbon dioxide stream from diluted, or low-concentration, gas streams using only electricity and a water-and-oxygen-based reaction.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/TfCz2Vs

The worm that learned: Diet found to affect learning in older nematodes

A group used a nematode model to discover that the weakening of the learning ability of older individuals does not occur when their diet includes the bacteria Lactobacillus reuteri. Since such bacteria are commonly found in the human gut, these findings suggest ways to use diet to reduce age-related cognitive decline.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/FtkRgdn

Chocolate can be fruity or flowery -- if you skip the roasting step

'Natural' foods are trendy, and proponents claim that little or no processing helps preserve the food's inherent flavor. Research now shows that, at least for certain artisanal, bean-to-bar chocolates, this could indeed be the case. The team reports that unroasted, 'raw' chocolate features certain compounds responsible for fruity flavors and sour tastes that are lost when the cacao beans are processed at high temperatures.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/EsO4hy5

There may be good news about the oceans in a globally warmed world

An analysis of oxygen levels in Earth's oceans may provide some rare, good news about the health of the seas in a future, globally warmed world. A study analyzing ocean sediment shows that ocean oxygen levels in a key area were higher during the Miocene warm period, some 16 million years ago when the Earth's temperature was hotter than it is today.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/mgPr7bG

A surprise chemical find by ALMA may help detect and confirm protoplanets

Scientists studying the protoplanetary disk around a young star have discovered the most compelling chemical evidence to date of the formation of protoplanets. The discovery will provide astronomers with an alternate method for detecting and characterizing protoplanets when direct observations or imaging are not possible.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/4TgUf81

Dogs and humans process body postures similarly in their brains

A new study shows that information from body postures plays a similarly important role for dogs as it does for humans. The results offer new insights into how dogs and humans perceive each other and their environment. They confirm that the temporal lobe plays a central role in social communication and perception.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/9Bk7NST

Dogs and humans process body postures similarly in their brains

A new study shows that information from body postures plays a similarly important role for dogs as it does for humans. The results offer new insights into how dogs and humans perceive each other and their environment. They confirm that the temporal lobe plays a central role in social communication and perception.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/9Bk7NST

Gray whales off Oregon Coast consume millions of microparticles per day

Researchers estimate that gray whales feeding off the Oregon Coast consume up to 21 million microparticles per day, a finding informed in part by feces from the whales.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/Ys7Kmne

Innovative paper-like battery-free AI-enabled sensor for holistic wound monitoring

Scientists have invented a paper-like, battery-free, AI-enabled sensor patch -- PETAL -- for convenient and effective monitoring of wound recovery. This novel technology provides early warning of complications to improve wound care. The paper-like, battery-free PETAL sensor patch uses five colorimetric sensors to measure biomarkers in the wound within 15 mins. A proprietary AI algorithm quickly analyses the digital image of the sensor patch to determine wound healing status with an accuracy rate of 97%.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/Aq4gP1w

Grocery store carts set to help diagnose common heart rhythm disorder and prevent stroke

It could be the shopping trip that saves your life: supermarket trolleys are helping to diagnose atrial fibrillation which can then be treated to prevent disabling or fatal strokes.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/JM6K9LU

Researchers uncover immune cell marker and regulator of anti-tumor immunity

B cells are thought to play a critical role in innate and adaptive immunity, but their exact role in anti-tumor immunity remains unknown. Researchers with expertise in immunology collaborated with experts in dermatology to further understand the role of B cells and identify a subset of cells that may play a critical role.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/RjNZLTB

Grocery store carts set to help diagnose common heart rhythm disorder and prevent stroke

It could be the shopping trip that saves your life: supermarket trolleys are helping to diagnose atrial fibrillation which can then be treated to prevent disabling or fatal strokes.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/JM6K9LU

Unraveling the connections between the brain and gut

Engineers designed a technology to probe connections between the brain and the digestive tract. Using fibers embedded with a variety of sensors, as well as optogenetic stimulation, the researchers could control neural circuits connecting the gut and the brain, in mice.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/knDjqB3

Cave excavation pushes back the clock on early human migration to Laos

Fifteen years of archaeological work in the Tam Pa Ling cave in northeastern Laos has yielded a reliable chronology of early human occupation of the site. The team's excavations through the layers of sediments and bones that gradually washed into the cave and were left untouched for tens of thousands of years reveals that humans lived in the area for at least 70,000 years -- and likely even longer.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/e30pFTw

New microcomb device advances photonic technology

Researchers have outlined a new high-speed tunable microcomb that could help propel advances in wireless communication, imaging, atomic clocks, and more.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/vFplMJq

Rain gardens could save salmon from toxic tire chemicals

Specially designed gardens could reduce the amount of a toxic chemical associated with tires entering our waterways by more than 90 per cent, new research shows.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/Gw5UM69

Sinking seamount offers clues to slow motion earthquakes

The first ever 3D seismic imaging of a subducting seamount shows a previously unknown sediment trail in Earth's crust off the coast of New Zealand. Scientists think the sediment patches help release tectonic pressure gradually in slow slip earthquakes instead of violent tremors. The findings will help researchers search for similar patterns at other subduction zones like Cascadia in the U.S. Pacific Northwest.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/eoUPspg

Molecular filament shielded young solar system from supernova

Isotope ratios found in meteorites suggest that a supernova exploded nearby while the Sun and Solar System were still forming. But the blast wave from a supernova that close could have potentially destroyed the nascent Solar System. New calculations shows that a filament of molecular gas, which is the birth cocoon of the Solar System, aided the capture of the isotopes found in the meteorites, while acting as a buffer protecting the young Solar System from the nearby supernova blast.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/XsaiRqd

AI that uses sketches to detect objects within an image could boost tumor detection and search for rare bird species

Teaching machine learning tools to detect specific objects in a specific image and discount others is a 'game-changer' that could lead to advancements in cancer detection, according to researchers.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/7iPXl8x

The art and science of living-like architecture

Collaborators have created 'living-like' bioactive interior architecture designed to one day protect us from hidden airborne threats. This publication establishes that the lab's biomaterial manufacturing process is compatible with the leading-edge cell-free engineering that gives the bioactive sites their life-like properties.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/NX3Hp4M

Phone communication spurs a cascading effect on social influence

Social influence from phone communications is significant, reaching as far as four degrees of separation from the original caller, according to a new study.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/GDYXJQB

Helping 'good' gut bacteria and clearing out the 'bad' -- all in one treatment

Probiotics can help maintain a healthy gut microbiome or restore populations of 'good bacteria' after a heavy course of antibiotics. But now, they could also be used as an effective treatment strategy for certain intestinal diseases, such as Crohn's disease. Researchers have developed a microgel delivery system for probiotics that keeps 'good' bacteria safe while actively clearing out 'bad' ones. In mice, the system treated intestinal inflammation without side effects.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/dONholu

Helping 'good' gut bacteria and clearing out the 'bad' -- all in one treatment

Probiotics can help maintain a healthy gut microbiome or restore populations of 'good bacteria' after a heavy course of antibiotics. But now, they could also be used as an effective treatment strategy for certain intestinal diseases, such as Crohn's disease. Researchers have developed a microgel delivery system for probiotics that keeps 'good' bacteria safe while actively clearing out 'bad' ones. In mice, the system treated intestinal inflammation without side effects.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/dONholu

How tidal range electricity generation could meet future demand and storage problems

Tidal range schemes are financially viable and could lower energy bills say researchers. Research combined a tidal range power generation model with its cost model to demonstrate the viability of tidal power. The research demonstrates the benefits of tidal energy, which does not suffer from unpredictable intermittency as power is generated both day and night, and in windy or calm weather. The creation of a tidal barrage could operate for 120 years or more to meet future demand and storage problems.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/4ILyMoZ

Cryo conservation: A cool solution to saving species from extinction

In the face of the biodiversity crisis, and alarming data showing a 69% decline in global animal populations since 1970, researchers are banking on a cool solution to help save species from extinction. Much like egg-freezing is used to preserve human fertility options for a later date, the cryo-freezing of genetic samples taken from animals may play an essential role in curbing species extinctions. A new study sheds light on the immense potential of living cell banks, also known as cryobanks, to contribute to global conservation priorities.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/JydxiUR

Walkable neighborhoods help adults socialize increase community

Adults who live in walkable neighborhoods are more likely to socialize and have a stronger sense of community, report researchers.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/SX6VozF

Low-dose aspirin may increase anaemia risk in healthy older adults: study

A new study analysing data from the landmark ASPREE trial has found that prolonged daily aspirin use increases the risk of anaemia by 20 per cent in people mostly aged 70 and over. The results have prompted researchers to suggest that regular monitoring for anaemia be considered for older adults who take low-dose aspirin, and if older adults have concerns about their health or medications they should discuss them with their GP.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/B8WKHVE

Regular napping linked to larger brain volume

A study analyzed data from people aged 40 to 69 and found a causal link between habitual napping and larger total brain volume -- a marker of good brain health linked to a lower risk of dementia and other diseases.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/WM925Eu

Walkable neighborhoods help adults socialize increase community

Adults who live in walkable neighborhoods are more likely to socialize and have a stronger sense of community, report researchers.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/SX6VozF

A 'spy' in the belly

To ensure that wounds remain tightly sealed in the abdomen after surgery, researchers have developed a patch with a sensor function. The polymer patch warns before the occurrence of dangerous leaks on sutures in the gastrointestinal tract take hold, while closes the areas on its own. A new material now enables a fast, easy and non-invasive leak diagnosis.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/CQXgtPk

Elimination of type of bacteria suggests treatment for endometriosis

A research group has discovered that using an antibiotic to target Fusobacterium, a common bacterium that causes inflammation, improved the symptoms of endometriosis. Their findings suggest an alternative treatment for the disease.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/KoJcHMx

New study gives clues on why exercise helps with inflammation

Researchers have long known that moderate exercise has a beneficial impact on the body's response to inflammation, but what's been less understood is why. New research done on a mouse model suggests that the answers may lie at the production level of macrophages -- white blood cells responsible for killing off infections, healing injury and otherwise acting as first responders in the body.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/gaK2wDR

Tethering of shattered chromosomal fragments paves way for new cancer therapies

Scientists discover shattered chromosomal fragments are tethered together during cell division before being rearranged; destroying the tether may help prevent cancerous mutations.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/apoiAX7

Astrocyte processing of serotonin regulates olfactory perception

Researchers have uncovered novel aspects of astrocyte function in olfactory, or smell, perception revealing changes in their gene expression patterns that turn these brain cells into a hub of olfactory sensation processing.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/mNTVZ0I

Close up on aging reveals how different cell types in the body age at different pace

A team or researchers reports the first Aging Fly Cell Atlas (AFCA), a detailed characterization of the aging process in 163 distinct cell types in the laboratory fruit fly. Their in-depth analysis revealed that different cell types in the body age differently, each cell type following a process involving cell type-specific patterns. AFCA provides a valuable resource for researchers in the fruit fly and aging communities as a reference to study aging and age-related diseases and to evaluate the success of anti-aging strategies.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/YeIJD3E

New study gives clues on why exercise helps with inflammation

Researchers have long known that moderate exercise has a beneficial impact on the body's response to inflammation, but what's been less understood is why. New research done on a mouse model suggests that the answers may lie at the production level of macrophages -- white blood cells responsible for killing off infections, healing injury and otherwise acting as first responders in the body.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/gaK2wDR

Cutting back on social media reduces anxiety depression loneliness

Researchers found college students who tried to cut their social media use to 30 minutes per day scored significantly lower for anxiety, depression, loneliness and fear of missing out at the end of the two-week experiment and when compared to the control group.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/XrcEZ36

Cutting back on social media reduces anxiety depression loneliness

Researchers found college students who tried to cut their social media use to 30 minutes per day scored significantly lower for anxiety, depression, loneliness and fear of missing out at the end of the two-week experiment and when compared to the control group.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/XrcEZ36

Preserving forests to protect deep soil from warming

An innovative, decade-long experiment in the foothills of California's Sierra Nevada mountains shows carbon stocks buried deep underground are vulnerable to climate change. The findings have implications for mitigating global warming through the natural carbon sinks provided by soil and forests which capture 25% of all carbon emissions.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/PtMOe5m

Tiny device mimics human vision and memory abilities

Researchers have created a small device that 'sees' and creates memories in a similar way to humans, in a promising step towards one day having applications that can make rapid, complex decisions such as in self-driving cars. The neuromorphic invention is a single chip enabled by a sensing element, doped indium oxide, that's thousands of times thinner than a human hair and requires no external parts to operate.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/H6Ogxwu

Photosynthesis key to life on Earth starts with a single photon

A cutting-edge experiment has revealed the quantum dynamics of one of nature's most crucial processes.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/yK8em0F

Psychedelic drugs reopen 'critical periods' for social learning

Neuroscientists have long searched for ways to reopen 'critical periods' in the brain, when mammals are more sensitive to signals from their surroundings that can influence periods of brain development. Now, researchers say a new study in mice shows that psychedelic drugs are linked by their common ability to reopen such critical periods, but differ in the length of time the critical period is open -- from two days to four weeks with a single dose.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/1Wyzb6p

Psychedelic drugs reopen 'critical periods' for social learning

Neuroscientists have long searched for ways to reopen 'critical periods' in the brain, when mammals are more sensitive to signals from their surroundings that can influence periods of brain development. Now, researchers say a new study in mice shows that psychedelic drugs are linked by their common ability to reopen such critical periods, but differ in the length of time the critical period is open -- from two days to four weeks with a single dose.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/1Wyzb6p

Loneliness insomnia linked to work with AI systems

Employees who frequently interact with artificial intelligence systems are more likely to experience loneliness that can lead to insomnia and increased after-work drinking, according to research published by the American Psychological Association.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/KVyfAQT

New images capture unseen details of the synapse

Scientists have created one of the most detailed 3D images of the synapse, the important juncture where neurons communicate with each other through an exchange of chemical signals. These nanometer scale models will help scientists better understand and study neurodegenerative diseases such as Huntington's disease and schizophrenia.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/ULE73B5

New images capture unseen details of the synapse

Scientists have created one of the most detailed 3D images of the synapse, the important juncture where neurons communicate with each other through an exchange of chemical signals. These nanometer scale models will help scientists better understand and study neurodegenerative diseases such as Huntington's disease and schizophrenia.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/ULE73B5

A machine learning approach to freshwater analysis

A team of researchers has applied a machine learning model to explore where and to what extent human activities are contributing to the hydrogeochemical changes, such as increases in salinity and alkalinity in U.S. rivers. The group used data from 226 river monitoring sites across the U.S. and built two machine learning models to predict monthly salinity and alkalinity levels at each site.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/re8wy93

Conflict in marriage less harmful for kids when dad keeps it constructive

Conflict is unavoidable in all marriages. When it erupts in families with children, stressed or angry parents may take their pain out on the kids, projecting their anger or withdrawing emotionally or physically. In the worst cases, children's socioemotional development can suffer. But the way parents, especially fathers, deal with marital conflict can make a difference to kids, according to a new study.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/WtTvxLr

The chatbot will see you now

Results from a study of the use of a chatbot in the consent process show that it encourages inclusivity, and leads to faster completion and high levels of understanding. Whereas the traditional method of consenting does not have a mechanism to verify understanding objectively, the chat-based method can test comprehension. It does not allow users who do not show understanding to give consent; rather, it puts them in touch with a genetic counsellor to figure out why knowledge transmission did not occur. It could be accessed at any time; more than half the patients interacted with the bot during these times, and this shows its utility in decreasing the barriers to entry to trials.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/zE2Fxp7

The chatbot will see you now

Results from a study of the use of a chatbot in the consent process show that it encourages inclusivity, and leads to faster completion and high levels of understanding. Whereas the traditional method of consenting does not have a mechanism to verify understanding objectively, the chat-based method can test comprehension. It does not allow users who do not show understanding to give consent; rather, it puts them in touch with a genetic counsellor to figure out why knowledge transmission did not occur. It could be accessed at any time; more than half the patients interacted with the bot during these times, and this shows its utility in decreasing the barriers to entry to trials.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/zE2Fxp7

Using photosynthesis for Martian occupation -- while making space travel more sustainable

Researchers are working on sustainable technology to harvest solar power in space -- which could supplement life support systems on the Moon and Mars.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/1KA0IO5

Researchers demonstrate noise-free communication with structured light

Scientists used a new invariant property of vectorial light to encode information. This quantity, which the team call 'vectorness', scales from 0 to 1 and remains unchanged when passing through a noisy channel.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/XQyEk7p

Chronic exposure to lead, cadmium and arsenic increases risk of cardiovascular disease

Around the world, most people are regularly exposed to low or moderate levels of lead, cadmium and arsenic in the environment, increasing risk of coronary artery disease, stroke and peripheral artery disease, according to a new statement.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/02te5Qq

New method enables study of nano-sized particles

Researchers have created a new method of studying the smallest bioparticles in the body. The study has considerable scientific potential, such as in the development of more effective vaccines.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/Z9C4alD

Mouse models of adolescent binge drinking reveal key long-lasting brain changes

Heavy alcohol consumption may cause permanent dysregulation of neurons, or brain cells, in adolescents, according to a new study in mice. The findings suggest that exposure to binge-levels of alcohol during adolescence, when the brain is still developing, lead to long-lasting changes in the brain's ability to signal and communicate -- potentially setting the stage for long-term behavioral changes and hinting towards the mechanisms of alcohol-induced cognitive changes in humans.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/DySQBZA

Mouse models of adolescent binge drinking reveal key long-lasting brain changes

Heavy alcohol consumption may cause permanent dysregulation of neurons, or brain cells, in adolescents, according to a new study in mice. The findings suggest that exposure to binge-levels of alcohol during adolescence, when the brain is still developing, lead to long-lasting changes in the brain's ability to signal and communicate -- potentially setting the stage for long-term behavioral changes and hinting towards the mechanisms of alcohol-induced cognitive changes in humans.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/DySQBZA

Surgeons must tackle three global health challenges to save lives

Surgeons must look beyond the operating theatre and tackle three major challenges with the most potential to reduce major causes of death and improve access to surgical care, according to an international group of experts.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/ux3Ty6w

A lung injury therapy derived from adult skin cells

Therapeutic nanocarriers engineered from adult skin cells can curb inflammation and tissue injury in damaged mouse lungs, new research shows, hinting at the promise of a treatment for lungs severely injured by infection or trauma.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/ptBC7Mx

Poorly insulated nerve cells promote Alzheimer's disease in old age

Researchers have shown that defective myelin actively promotes disease-related changes in Alzheimer's disease.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/T26unlB

The first prehistoric wind instruments discovered in the Levant

Although the prehistoric site of Eynan-Mallaha in northern Israel has been thoroughly examined since 1955, it still holds some surprises for scientists. Seven prehistoric wind instruments known as flutes were recently identified. The discovery of these 12,000 -year-old aerophones is extremely rare -- in fact, they are thought to be the first to be discovered in the Near East.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/ZQrT4qY

Ancient herbivore's diet weakened teeth leading to eventual starvation, study suggests

Researchers have shed light on the life of the ancient reptile Rhynchosaur, which walked the earth between 250-225 million years ago, before being replaced by the dinosaurs.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/GpCX4es

Eddies: Circular currents and their influence on the world's hottest ocean

Water from the Pacific Ocean flows into the Indian Ocean via the Indonesia Archipelago thanks to a vast network of currents that act as a conveyor belt, transporting warmth and nutrients. Currents can sometimes form circular motions and these are known as eddies. An international group of researchers has modeled the impacts of eddies on the currents that carry water from the Pacific Ocean to the Indian Ocean.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/etkHOBG

Remains of an extinct world of organisms discovered

Newly discovered biomarker signatures point to a whole range of previously unknown organisms that dominated complex life on Earth about a billion years ago. They differed from complex eukaryotic life as we know it, such as animals, plants and algae in their cell structure and likely metabolism, which was adapted to a world that had far less oxygen in the atmosphere than today.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/LrksmwU

Dentists identify new bacterial species involved in tooth decay

Large study in children reveals Selenomonas sputigena as a key partner of Streptococcus in cavity formation.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/j2hQC3F

The digital dark matter clouding AI

Scientists using artificial intelligence technology may be inviting unwanted noise into their genome analyses. Now, researchers have created a computational correction that will allow them to see through the fog and find genuine DNA features that could signal breakthroughs in health and medicine.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/DOnt2UP

Previously unknown antibiotic resistance widespread among bacteria

Genes that make bacteria resistant to antibiotics are much more widespread in our environment than was previously realized. A new study shows that bacteria in almost all environments carry resistance genes, with a risk of them spreading and aggravating the problem of bacterial infections that are untreatable with antibiotics.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/plGy6k1

Moving towards a more inclusive approach to medicine

The first human genome, which has served as the reference until now, was released approximately 20 years ago. It was a landmark accomplishment that had a huge impact on biomedical research and changed the way scientists study human biology. But it was based on just a few individuals and did not capture the full genetic diversity of the human population.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/bZc6oRr

Coaxing hair growth in aging hair follicle stem cells

Scientists discovered how to soften hair follicle stem cells to enable them to grow hair again. These cells stiffen with age and produce less hair. In a study in mice, the investigators report that they can soften the stem cells by boosting the production of a tiny RNA, miR-205, that relaxes the hardness of the cells. When scientists genetically manipulated the stem cells to produce more miR-205, it promoted hair growth in young and old mice.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/wRxPo4X

Bubble, bubble, more earthquake trouble? Geoscientists study Alaska's Denali fault

Geochemists report findings from collected and analyzed helium and carbon isotopic data from springs along a nearly 250-mile segment of Alaska's Denali Fault. The fault's mantle fluid flow rates, they report, fall in the range observed for the world's other major and active strike-slip faults that form plate boundaries.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/Ean5Z08

Quantum computers are better at guessing, new study demonstrates

Researchers have demonstrated a quantum speedup over the most efficient classical computer algorithm possible for what is believed to be the first time.  The accomplishment was performed on an IBM Montreal Quantum Falcon r4 27-qubit device.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/koNUanx

Global response to antimicrobial resistance 'insufficient'

Governments around the world must do more to tackle the growing threat of drug-resistant infections, according to new research. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) occurs when bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites stop responding to medicines designed to treat them. After the World Health Organization declared AMR one of the top 10 public health threats facing humanity, national action plans to tackle the threat were developed by more than 100 countries. Academics say the plans focus on designing policies to curb AMR and devising tools to implement the policies -- but they do not adequately factor in monitoring and evaluation.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/slguVfW

How does dopamine regulate both learning and motivation?

A new study brings together two schools of thought on the function of the neurotransmitter dopamine: one saying that dopamine provides a learning signal, the other saying that dopamine drives motivation.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/sM1DQlY

How does dopamine regulate both learning and motivation?

A new study brings together two schools of thought on the function of the neurotransmitter dopamine: one saying that dopamine provides a learning signal, the other saying that dopamine drives motivation.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/sM1DQlY

Study shows promising treatment for tinnitus

A double-blind randomized clinical trial of a device aimed at silencing the phantom sounds of tinnitus has yielded promising results.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/z5AhSmv

Prediction may be key to eye-and-hand coordination

Researchers have found that the ability to visually predict movement may be an important part of the ability to make a great catch -- or grab a moving object.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/1sZBS5t

New class of antibiotics to fight resistant bacteria

Health professionals are in urgent need of new antibiotics to tackle resistant bacteria. Researchers have now modified the chemical structure of naturally occurring peptides to develop antimicrobial molecules that bind to novel targets in the bacteria's metabolism.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/qriIGYB

Gene engineered cell therapy developed to target brain metastatic melanomas

Overall survival for patients with melanoma that has spread to the brain is only four to six months. Immunotherapies, which harness the power of the immune system to attack cancer cells, have garnered excitement in recent years for their potential to revolutionize the treatment of metastatic melanomas, but results from early clinical studies indicate that the prognosis for most patients remains poor. Now, scientists have integrated multiple therapeutic approaches to more effectively target melanoma in the brain. In preclinical studies, the scientists successfully activated immune responses in sophisticated mouse models that mimic human settings.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3l4egq2

Landmark study finds that the shape of the brain influences the way it works

For over a century, researchers have thought that the patterns of brain activity that define our experiences, hopes and dreams are determined by how different brain regions communicate with each other through a complex web of trillions of cellular connections. Now, a study has examined more than 10,000 different maps of human brain activity and found that the overall shape of a person's brain exerts a far greater influence on how we think, feel and behave than its intricate neuronal connectivity.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/mWkwX9p

DNA damage repaired by antioxidant enzymes

In crisis, the nucleus calls antioxidant enzymes to the rescue. The nucleus being metabolically active is a profound paradigm shift with implications for cancer research.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/zLBl9Ck

DNA damage repaired by antioxidant enzymes

In crisis, the nucleus calls antioxidant enzymes to the rescue. The nucleus being metabolically active is a profound paradigm shift with implications for cancer research.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/zLBl9Ck

Honey bee colony aggression linked to gene regulatory networks

In honey bees, the role a bee plays in the colony changes as they age. Younger bees perform duties inside the hive, such as nursing and wax building, while older bees transition to roles outside of the hive, either foraging for food (foragers) or defending the colony (soldiers). What determines whether older bees become foragers or soldiers is unknown, but a new studyexplores the genetic mechanisms underlying the collective behavior of colony defense, and how these mechanisms relate to the colony's overall aggression.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/fL4F8a7

Cutting boards can produce microparticles when chopping veggies

Cutting boards are handy tools found in most homes and restaurant kitchens. But a small-scale study suggests that they are an overlooked source of micrometer-sized particles. The researchers report that chopping up carrots on wood and plastic boards could produce tens of millions of microparticles a year. However, a toxicity test showed no substantial effect on mouse cell survival from polyethylene or wood microparticles released during chopping.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/LBIsDym

New study shows how adaptations to living in a cold climate promoted social evolution

For the first time ever, scientists have uncovered evidence that a species' long-term adaptation to living in an extremely cold climate has led to the evolution of social behaviours including extended care by mothers, increased infant survival and the ability to live in large complex multilevel societies.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/IUBL7As

Researchers show mobile elements monkeying around the genome

Whole-genomic sequencing has revolutionized the amount and detail of genetic diversity now available to researchers to study. While the researchers previously had looked at a few hundred mobile elements or 'jumping genes,' primarily of the Alu and L1 types, they were now able to analyze over 200,000 elements computationally, confirming and expanding on previous studies. Their findings provide more evidence of the fluidity of species and continuous spread of mobile and transposable genetic elements.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3VbdRsK

New 'designer' titanium alloys made using 3D printing

A team of researchers has created a new class of titanium alloys that are strong and not brittle under tension, by integrating alloy and 3D-printing process designs. They say they embedded circular economy thinking in their design, creating great promise for producing their new titanium alloys from industrial waste and low-grade materials.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/aXpi0E8

Ultrasound breaks new ground for forearm fractures in children

Portable ultrasound devices could provide an alternative to x-ray machines for diagnosing forearm fractures in children in a move that could alleviate waiting times for families in hospital emergency departments (ED). Researchers compared functional outcomes in children given an ultrasound and those who received an x-ray on a suspected distal forearm fracture. The team treated 270 children, aged between five and 15 years, during the randomized trial, which included a check-up 28 days later and another check-in at eight weeks. The findings show the majority of children had similar recoveries and returned to full physical function.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/eXTQEtw

Ultrasound breaks new ground for forearm fractures in children

Portable ultrasound devices could provide an alternative to x-ray machines for diagnosing forearm fractures in children in a move that could alleviate waiting times for families in hospital emergency departments (ED). Researchers compared functional outcomes in children given an ultrasound and those who received an x-ray on a suspected distal forearm fracture. The team treated 270 children, aged between five and 15 years, during the randomized trial, which included a check-up 28 days later and another check-in at eight weeks. The findings show the majority of children had similar recoveries and returned to full physical function.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/eXTQEtw

Desert ant increase the visibility of their nest entrances in the absence of landmarks

Researchers report that in the absence of visible landmarks, desert ants increase the likelihood that foraging nest mates will find their way home quickly and safely by elevating their nest entrance. Ant colonies whose nests are found deep in the Tunisian saltpan are particularly reliant on the self-made landmarks. If the mound at the nest entrance was removed, they immediately began building a new hill, unless the researchers provided artificial landmarks. This phenomenon adds yet another fascinating facet to the amazing navigation skills of these tiny desert animals.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/Um9VeWr

Preventing truck crashes needs to take 'dashcam' approach to driver 'microsleeps'

Researchers using dashcam footage of real-world collisions involving large trucks to analyze driver and vehicle behavior has found that anti-drowsiness alarms or similar technologies to prevent falling asleep at the wheel need to go beyond a focus on monitoring the drivers' eyes, and consider other microsleep behaviors including a relaxation of back and neck muscles and abnormal activity of the vehicle itself.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/KuDW1Ly

Male babies 'talk' more in the first year than female babies do

Young babies make many squeals, vowel-like sounds, growls, and short word-like sounds such as 'ba' or 'aga.' Those precursors to speech or 'protophones' are later replaced with early words and, eventually, whole phrases and sentences. While some infants are naturally more 'talkative' than others, a new study confirms that there are differences between males and females in the number of those sounds.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/VnshoIi

New method improves efficiency of 'vision transformer' AI systems

Vision transformers (ViTs) are powerful artificial intelligence (AI) technologies that can identify or categorize objects in images -- however, there are significant challenges related to both computing power requirements and decision-making transparency. Researchers have now developed a new methodology that addresses both challenges, while also improving the ViT's ability to identify, classify and segment objects in images.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/iyUpwKN

The 'breath' between atoms -- a new building block for quantum technology

Researchers have discovered they can detect atomic 'breathing,' or the mechanical vibration between two layers of atoms, by observing the type of light those atoms emitted when stimulated by a laser. The sound of this atomic 'breath' could help researchers encode and transmit quantum information.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/i40qKot

Astrophysicists confirm the faintest galaxy ever seen in the early universe

After the Big Bang, the universe expanded and cooled sufficiently for hydrogen atoms to form. In the absence of light from the first stars and galaxies, the universe entered a period known as the cosmic dark ages. The first stars and galaxies appeared several hundred million years later and began burning away the hydrogen fog left over from the Big Bang, rendering the universe transparent, like it is today. Researchers have now confirmed the existence of a distant, faint galaxy typical of those whose light burned through the hydrogen atoms; the finding should help them understand how the cosmic dark ages ended.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/lMwWnT2

You can make carbon dioxide filters with a 3D printer

Researchers demonstrated that it's possible to make carbon dioxide capture filters using 3D printing.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/AKEqbSp

Deep-brain stimulation during sleep strengthens memory

New research provides the first physiological evidence from inside the human brain supporting the dominant scientific theory on how the brain consolidates memory during sleep. Further, deep-brain stimulation during a critical time in the sleep cycle appeared to improve memory consolidation.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/Dx2oV6J

Why do some people live to be 100? Intestinal bacteria may hold the answer

Some people live longer than others -- possibly due to a unique combination of bacteria in their intestines, new research concludes.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/NkFKXah

Why do some people live to be 100? Intestinal bacteria may hold the answer

Some people live longer than others -- possibly due to a unique combination of bacteria in their intestines, new research concludes.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/NkFKXah

A nanocrystal shines on and off indefinitely

Optical probes have led to numerous breakthroughs in applications like optical memory, nanopatterning, and bioimaging, but existing options have limited lifespans and will eventually 'photobleach.' New work demonstrates a promising, longer-lasting alternative: ultra-photostable avalanching nanoparticles that can turn on and off indefinitely in response to near-infrared light from simple lasers.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/vszVdh3

The clams that fell behind, and what they can tell us about evolution and extinction

A new study examined how bivalves -- the group that includes clams, mussels, scallops, and oysters -- evolved among many others in the period of rapid evolution known as the Cambrian Explosion. The team found that though many other lineages burst into action and quickly evolved a wide variety of forms and functions, the bivalves lagged behind. The study has implications for how we understand evolution and the impact of extinctions.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/hI0KFAE

Open-analysis platform for pediatric brain tumors provides robust data resource for childhood cancer research

Researchers have partnered to create a first-of-its-kind open-source, reproducible analysis platform for pediatric brain tumors. With the help of thousands of genomically sequenced samples, researchers have used this platform to identify initial findings about genetic variants associated with poorer outcomes that could help guide future diagnostic and therapeutic advances.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/9uLOa3W