People who are immunocompromised may not produce enough protective antibodies against RSV after vaccination

Researchers have shown that people 60 years or older with weakened immunity do not respond as strongly to vaccines against the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) as people in the same age group with normal immune function.

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People who are immunocompromised may not produce enough protective antibodies against RSV after vaccination

Researchers have shown that people 60 years or older with weakened immunity do not respond as strongly to vaccines against the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) as people in the same age group with normal immune function.

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Urgent action needed to protect the Parma wallaby

The creation of more fox-free safe havens and greater collaboration between government and landowners is needed to ensure the survival of a species of wallaby, an expert argues. The Parma wallaby, also known as the white-throated wallaby, is listed as a vulnerable species in Australia, while the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) classifies it as Near Threatened. The marsupial is found along the Great Dividing Range in northern New South Wales.

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First dual chamber leadless pacemaker implanted in a child

Pediatric cardiologists have implanted a dual chamber leadless pacemaker in a child.

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Digital healthcare consultations not enough for safe assessment of tonsillitis

Digital healthcare consultations are not enough for a safe assessment of tonsillitis, according to a new study. Reliability will not be sufficient, thus increasing the risk of over- or under-treatment of a sore throat.

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High-quality nanodiamonds for bioimaging and quantum sensing applications

Researchers have developed nanodiamond sensors with nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers, offering exceptional brightness and spin properties for quantum sensing and bioimaging. These nanodiamonds outperform commercial options, requiring 20 times less energy and maintaining quantum states 11 times longer. Enhanced sensitivity to magnetic fields and temperature enables precise applications, including disease detection, battery analysis, and thermal management of electronics, marking a significant advancement in nanotechnology-driven quantum sensing for biological and industrial innovations.

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High-quality nanodiamonds for bioimaging and quantum sensing applications

Researchers have developed nanodiamond sensors with nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers, offering exceptional brightness and spin properties for quantum sensing and bioimaging. These nanodiamonds outperform commercial options, requiring 20 times less energy and maintaining quantum states 11 times longer. Enhanced sensitivity to magnetic fields and temperature enables precise applications, including disease detection, battery analysis, and thermal management of electronics, marking a significant advancement in nanotechnology-driven quantum sensing for biological and industrial innovations.

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Paleobiologists unlock 500,000 years of fossil records: Climate change impacts and risks of marine carbon removal

Climate change impacts not only life on land but also the largely unexplored deep-sea ecosystem, home to unique and largely unexplored fauna. Deep-sea animals, which have adapted to stable and extreme environments, are particularly vulnerable to changes in temperature and food availability. This raises a crucial question: What environmental factors are most important for deep-sea ecosystems, and how might they be disrupted?

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Months after Colorado's Marshall Fire, residents of surviving homes reported health symptoms, poor air quality

Three years after the Dec. 30, 2021, Marshall Fire destroyed more than 1,000 homes in Boulder County, two new studies offer insight into what happens to air quality and health in the aftermath of urban wildfires.

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Unraveling the power and influence of language

A choice was made to include each word in this sentence. Every message, even the most mundane, is crafted with a specific frame in mind that impacts how the message is perceived. The study of framing effects is a multidisciplinary line of research that investigates when, how, and why language influences those who receive a message and how it impacts their response.

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New study reveals how brain stimulation improves cognition, decision-making in mental health disorders

Researchers have uncovered important insights that could improve how mental health conditions are treated with brain stimulation therapy -- a treatment where electrical signals are used to stimulate specific parts of the brain.

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Origins of lunar water and its connection to Earth's early history

Scientists have unveiled groundbreaking research on the origins of lunar water, offering insights that could reshape our understanding of the Earth-Moon system and the broader solar system. The pioneering study explores the isotopic signatures of lunar water, revealing a mix of indigenous and cometary sources.

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Brain inflammation alters behavior according to sex, mouse study finds

Inflammation in the hippocampus -- the brain's memory center -- significantly alters motivation and behavior in mice, according to new research.

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The longevity factor Foxo3 mediates 'unfit' cell elimination to ensure healthy body construction

Researchers have revealed some of the precise mechanisms by which erroneous cells are recognized, marked for removal, and eliminated via apoptosis in developing zebrafish. Notably, they found that the protein Foxo3 may be a universal marker of cell competition in zebrafish and mice. These findings have important implications for congenital disorders, cancer, and aging, and may lead to novel treatments.

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Binary star found near our galaxy's supermassive black hole

An international team of researchers has detected a binary star orbiting close to Sagittarius A*, the supermassive black hole at the centre of our galaxy. It is the first time a stellar pair has been found in the vicinity of a supermassive black hole. The discovery helps us understand how stars survive in environments with extreme gravity, and could pave the way for the detection of planets close to Sagittarius A*.

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Study finds lower rates of death from Alzheimer's disease among taxi and ambulance drivers

A new study raises the possibility that jobs that require frequent spatial processing -- such as figuring out a taxi route or the best way to navigate to a hospital -- could lead to lower rates of death from Alzheimer's disease. Researchers investigated this possibility by using national data on the occupations of people who had died to evaluate risk of death from Alzheimer's disease across 443 professions. They found that taxi driving and ambulance driving were associated with a lower rate of death from Alzheimer's disease compared to other professions.

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Ditch TV and read a book: Research delivers best moves to reduce dementia risk

It's that time of the year when most of us get the chance to sit back and enjoy some well-deserved down time. But whether you reach for the TV controller, or a favorite book, your choice could have implications for your long-term brain health, say researchers.

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Problems developed faster among gamers who started early

People who started playing video games at an early school age developed problematic gaming more quickly compared to those who started playing a few years later.

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Problems developed faster among gamers who started early

People who started playing video games at an early school age developed problematic gaming more quickly compared to those who started playing a few years later.

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Porous crystals detect nitric oxide

Detection of nitric oxide (NO) is important for monitoring air quality because the NO released in the combustion of fossil fuels contributes to acid rain and smog. In medicine, NO is an important messenger molecule and serves as a biomarker for asthma. A research team reports a material that can detect NO reversibly, with low power, and with high sensitivity and selectivity: a copper-containing, electrically conducting, two-dimensional metal--organic framework.

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Water and forests in Southern US

Climate and land use change have and will continue to alter streamflow regimes and water quality through the 21st century, with consequences for drinking water treatment costs, flood protection, and other ecosystem services, according to the new report. The report is designed to inform forest sector decision-makers and the interested public about observed trends, anticipated futures, and critical issues based on authoritative synthesis and interpretation of existing science, data, and 50-year projections.

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Air pollution in India linked to millions of deaths

A new study shows that long-term exposure to air pollution contributes to millions of deaths in India. The research emphasizes the need for stricter air quality regulations in the country.

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Barn swallow research offers real-time insight on how new species form

In a new study, scientists describe how different traits used to choose mates in barn swallow populations are driving the bird to diverge, which could eventually lead to the formation of new species.

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Universal barcodes unlock fast-paced small molecule synthesis

Scientists have leveraged fundamental features of chemical building blocks to transform chemical reaction analysis from minutes to milliseconds.

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The global divide between longer life and good health

People around the globe are living longer -- but not necessarily healthier -- lives, according to new research. A study of 183 World Health Organization (WHO) member countries found those additional years of life are increasingly fraught with disease.

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Updated Hep B vaccine more effective for people with HIV

A newer vaccine against hepatitis B virus was clearly superior to an older vaccine type in inducing a protective antibody response among people living with HIV who didn't respond to prior vaccination.

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Scientists developed a nanolaser: Silver nanocubes enable light generation

Scientists have developed a unique nanolaser. Although the dimensions of this laser are so small that its structure can only be seen through a powerful microscope, its potential is vast. With applications in early medical diagnostics, data communication, and security technologies, this invention could also become a key tool for the study of light and matter interactions.

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Rethinking the brain pacemaker: How better materials can improve signals

Researchers have created organic materials for brain and heart pacemakers, which rely on uninterrupted signal delivery to be effective. Using a plastic base known as polypropylene, the researchers added a specially formulated clay called Montmorillonite and different ratios of graphene, one of the strongest lightweight materials. They created five different materials that could be performance-tested and took detailed measurements of the structure of the composite materials using scanning electron microscopy.

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Americans are uninformed about and undervaccinated for HPV

Research shows that HPV accounts for 70% of all throat cancers, but only one-third of the public is aware that HPV causes throat cancer.

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Astronomers find the smallest asteroids ever detected in the main belt

Astronomers have found a way to spot the smallest, 'decameter,' asteroids within the main asteroid belt. They used their approach to detect more than 100 new asteroids, ranging from the size of a bus to several stadiums wide, which are the smallest asteroids within the main belt detected to date.

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Loneliness and isolation: Back to pre-pandemic levels, but still high, for older adults

Loneliness and isolation among older Americans have mostly returned to pre-pandemic rates, but that still means more than one third of people age 50 to 80 feel lonely, and nearly as many feel isolated, a new national study shows.

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Could online technology be a clue as to why boys in Norway are outperforming girls in learning English as a second language?

Bucking conventionality, boys in Norway are making early gains in reading English as a second language and even outperforming girls at age 10 and 13 -- a new a study of more than one million students suggests.

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A healthy diet helps the weighty battle with chronic pain

New research shows that adopting a healthy diet can reduce the severity of chronic pain, presenting an easy and accessible way for sufferers to better manage their condition.

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Could online technology be a clue as to why boys in Norway are outperforming girls in learning English as a second language?

Bucking conventionality, boys in Norway are making early gains in reading English as a second language and even outperforming girls at age 10 and 13 -- a new a study of more than one million students suggests.

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How do marine food webs respond to increasing alkalinity?

To mitigate climate change, human-made carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions must be reduced as quickly and drastically as possible. Additionally, some of the CO2 already emitted needs to be safely removed from the atmosphere. One solution is to accelerate and enhance the ocean's natural uptake of CO2 by increasing its alkalinity. Ocean Alkalinity Enhancement (OAE) mimics the natural process of rock weathering by adding ground rock, or its dissolution products, directly to the seawater. So far, little is known about the effects of this method on marine life. Now, a study has assessed the impacts of a moderate OAE application, showing that the effects on zooplankton are likely minimal and that the food web could remain stable.

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High heat is preferentially killing the young, not the old, new research finds

Many recent studies assume that elderly people are at particular risk of dying from extreme heat as the planet warms. A new study of mortality in Mexico turns this assumption on its head: it shows that 75% of heat-related deaths are occurring among people under 35 -- a large percentage of them ages 18 to 35, or the very group that one might expect to be most resistant to heat.

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Researchers use data from citizen scientists to uncover the mysteries of a blue low-latitude aurora

Colorful auroras appeared around Japan's Honshu and Hokkaido islands on May 11, 2024, sparked by an intense magnetic storm. Usually, auroras observed at low latitudes appear red due to the emission of oxygen atoms. But on this day, a salmon pink aurora was observed throughout the night, while an unusually tall, blue-dominant aurora appeared shortly before midnight.

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Women with ovarian removal have unique risk and resilience factors for Alzheimer disease

New research has found that women who have had both ovaries surgically removed before the age of 50 and carry a variant of the apolipoprotein gene, the APOE4 allele, are at high risk of late-life Alzheimer disease (AD). Use of hormone therapy mitigates this risk.

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New insights on preventing brain injury after cardiac arrest

Researchers uncovered a population of cells that may provide protection from brain injury following cardiac arrest, leading them to examine a drug that can activate these cells to improve neurological outcomes.

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Can plastic-eating bugs help with our microplastic problem?

Previous research found that insects can ingest and absorb pure, unrefined microplastics -- but only under unrealistic, food-scarce situations. Zoologists have now tested mealworms in a more realistic scenario, feeding them ground-up face masks -- a common plastic product -- mixed with bran, a tastier option. After 30 days, the research team found the mealworms ate about half the microplastics available, about 150 particles per insect, and gained weight. They excreted a small fraction of the microplastics consumed, about four to six particles per milligram of waste, absorbing the rest. Eating microplastics did not appear to affect the insects' survival and growth.

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Long-term benefit from anti-hormonal treatment is influenced by menopausal status

Today, women with estrogen-sensitive breast cancer receive anti-hormonal therapy. Researchers now show that postmenopausal women with low-risk tumors have a long-term benefit for at least 20 years, while the benefit was more short-term for younger women with similar tumor characteristics who had not yet gone through the menopause.

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Innovative robot navigation inspired by brain function boosts efficiency and accuracy

A research team has taken inspiration from the brains of insects and animals for more energy-efficient robotic navigation.

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Common heart drug may slow progression of Huntington's disease

Beta-blocker drugs -- commonly used to treat heart and blood pressure issues -- may slow the progression of Huntington's disease (HD), according to a new study.

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Smallest walking robot makes microscale measurements

Researchers have created the smallest walking robot yet. Its mission: to be tiny enough to interact with waves of visible light and still move independently, so that it can maneuver to specific locations -- in a tissue sample, for instance -- to take images and measure forces at the scale of some of the body's smallest structures.

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Smallest walking robot makes microscale measurements

Researchers have created the smallest walking robot yet. Its mission: to be tiny enough to interact with waves of visible light and still move independently, so that it can maneuver to specific locations -- in a tissue sample, for instance -- to take images and measure forces at the scale of some of the body's smallest structures.

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Understanding the brain's resilience: Unravelling the mysteries of neuronal degeneration

Each brain is unique, not only in its connections but also in the molecular composition of its neurons, particularly ion channels. Despite their variability, the brain functions reliably -- a paradox known as 'neuronal degeneration' (distinct from pathological degeneration). Researchers used mathematical tools to uncover two distinct mechanisms enabling this robustness. These mechanisms ensure reliable neuromodulation, even with variations in ion channels, offering insights into how the brain adapts its activity to internal and external signals.

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Different menopausal hormone treatments pose different risks

Researchers have analysed the effects of seven different hormone treatments for menopausal symptoms on the risk of blood clots, stroke and heart attack. The study, which involved around one million women aged between 50 and 58, is the largest and most comprehensive study of currently prescribed hormonal substances in the world. The results show that the risks differ depending on the active substance and how the medicine is taken.

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Understanding the brain's resilience: Unravelling the mysteries of neuronal degeneration

Each brain is unique, not only in its connections but also in the molecular composition of its neurons, particularly ion channels. Despite their variability, the brain functions reliably -- a paradox known as 'neuronal degeneration' (distinct from pathological degeneration). Researchers used mathematical tools to uncover two distinct mechanisms enabling this robustness. These mechanisms ensure reliable neuromodulation, even with variations in ion channels, offering insights into how the brain adapts its activity to internal and external signals.

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