Brain stimulation effectiveness tied to learning ability, not age

A study reveals that the effectiveness of brain stimulation on motor skills is determined by an individual's learning ability rather than age, highlighting the need for a more personalized approach to neurorehabilitation.

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Preclinical tests show mRNA-based treatments effective for blinding condition

A new study found that a novel mRNA-based therapy that targets a protein called RUNX1 may be able to prevent blindness and scarring from proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR), a disease caused by a traumatic eye injury or surgery like a retinal detachment repair that currently lacks effective treatments other than additional surgical procedures. Since RUNX1 is active in other diseases, the researchers also hope in the future to apply their mRNA technique to treat other retinal conditions like wet age-related macular degeneration and diabetic retinopathy.

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Brain stimulation effectiveness tied to learning ability, not age

A study reveals that the effectiveness of brain stimulation on motor skills is determined by an individual's learning ability rather than age, highlighting the need for a more personalized approach to neurorehabilitation.

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First new treatment for asthma attacks in 50 years

A recent trial finds an injection given during some asthma and COPD attacks is more effective than the current treatment of steroid tablets, reducing the need for further treatment by 30%.

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Nanorobot hand made of DNA grabs viruses for diagnostics and blocks cell entry

A tiny, four-fingered 'hand' folded from a single piece of DNA can pick up the virus that causes COVID-19 for highly sensitive rapid detection and can even block viral particles from entering cells to infect them, researchers report. Dubbed the NanoGripper, the nanorobotic hand also could be programmed to interact with other viruses or to recognize cell surface markers for targeted drug delivery, such as for cancer treatment.

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Nanorobot hand made of DNA grabs viruses for diagnostics and blocks cell entry

A tiny, four-fingered 'hand' folded from a single piece of DNA can pick up the virus that causes COVID-19 for highly sensitive rapid detection and can even block viral particles from entering cells to infect them, researchers report. Dubbed the NanoGripper, the nanorobotic hand also could be programmed to interact with other viruses or to recognize cell surface markers for targeted drug delivery, such as for cancer treatment.

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World's oldest lizard wins fossil fight

A storeroom specimen that changed the origins of modern lizards by millions of years has had its identity confirmed.

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Drinking plenty of water may actually be good for you

Public health recommendations generally suggest drinking eight cups of water a day. And many people just assume it's healthy to drink plenty of water.

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Popular diabetes and obesity drugs also protect kidneys, study shows

The biggest and most comprehensive analysis of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists on kidney and cardiovascular outcomes shows they have significant benefits in people with and without diabetes.

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Popular diabetes and obesity drugs also protect kidneys, study shows

The biggest and most comprehensive analysis of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists on kidney and cardiovascular outcomes shows they have significant benefits in people with and without diabetes.

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Need a landing pad for helicopter parenting? Frame tasks as learning

Parents are much less likely to intervene when their young children are getting dressed or performing other simple chores if those tasks are framed as learning opportunities, according to a new study.

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AI protein engineer capable of making proteins 'better, faster, stronger'

Engineered proteins are critical industrial and medical applications, ranging from vaccine development to making crops or food proteins more resilient. Scientists can engineer proteins to improve upon nature, but such experiments are time- and labor-intensive. Researchers have developed an AI-based protein design tool known as EVOLVEPro, which is already showing promise for several applications and could be used to help solve other medical challenges.

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New technology points to unexpected uses for snoRNA

Researchers recently developed a new approach for identifying new cellular RNA targets of snoRNAs. They uncovered thousands of previously unknown targets for snoRNAs in human cells and mouse brain tissues, including many that serve functions other than guiding rRNA modifications.

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New technology points to unexpected uses for snoRNA

Researchers recently developed a new approach for identifying new cellular RNA targets of snoRNAs. They uncovered thousands of previously unknown targets for snoRNAs in human cells and mouse brain tissues, including many that serve functions other than guiding rRNA modifications.

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Ancient hot water on Mars points to habitable past

New research has uncovered what may be the oldest direct evidence of ancient hot water activity on Mars, revealing the planet may have been habitable at some point in its past.

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New imaging method enables detailed RNA analysis of the whole brain

Researchers have developed a groundbreaking microscopy method that enables detailed three-dimensional (3D) RNA analysis at cellular resolution in whole intact mouse brains. The new method, called TRISCO, has the potential to transform our understanding of brain function, both in normal conditions and in disease, according to the new study.

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These wild chimpanzees play as adults to better cooperate as a group

Compared to children, adults don't play as much, but social play into adulthood is considered a universal human trait. Play has a role in building tolerance, cohesion, bonding, and cooperation. By comparison, play in adults of other species has been considered rare, and yet a new study shows that some chimpanzees, like people, continue to play often throughout their entire lives and especially before engaging in acts that require collective cooperation.

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Females sleep less, awaken more frequently than males

A new animal study shows that males and females have profoundly different sleep patterns. The findings shed light on what may drive differences in humans and have broad implications for preclinical research that, for decades, has focused primarily on males.

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HIV latency reversing properties in African plant

The Wistar Institute and the University of Buea in Cameroon has uncovered the mechanisms for a medicinal plant with anti-HIV potential in Croton oligandrus Pierre & Hutch, a species of African tree that has been used in traditional healing in Cameroon to treat a variety of diseases and conditions including cancers and diabetes.

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HIV latency reversing properties in African plant

The Wistar Institute and the University of Buea in Cameroon has uncovered the mechanisms for a medicinal plant with anti-HIV potential in Croton oligandrus Pierre & Hutch, a species of African tree that has been used in traditional healing in Cameroon to treat a variety of diseases and conditions including cancers and diabetes.

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New model can help understand coexistence in nature

Different species of seabirds can coexist on small, isolated islands despite eating the same kind of fish. A researcher has been involved in developing a mathematical model that can be used to better understand how this ecosystem works.

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Machine learning and supercomputer simulations help researchers to predict interactions between gold nanoparticles and blood proteins

Researchers have used machine learning and supercomputer simulations to investigate how tiny gold nanoparticles bind to blood proteins. The studies discovered that favorable nanoparticle-protein interactions can be predicted from machine learning models that are trained from atom-scale molecular dynamics simulations. The new methodology opens ways to simulate efficacy of gold nanoparticles as targeted drug delivery systems in precision nanomedicine.

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High-dose IV vitamin C plus chemotherapy doubles survival in advanced pancreatic cancer

A randomized, phase 2 clinical trial shows that adding high-dose, intravenous (IV) vitamin C to chemotherapy doubles the overall survival of patients with late-stage metastatic pancreatic cancer from eight months to 16 months. The finding adds to mounting evidence of the benefits of high-dose, IV vitamin C in treating cancer.

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Gaming for the good!

It turns out gaming is good for you! New research indicates massive multiplayer online gamers learn by gaming and their skills in the workplace are enriched by those seemingly endless hours previously thought of as frittering away time.

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Gaming for the good!

It turns out gaming is good for you! New research indicates massive multiplayer online gamers learn by gaming and their skills in the workplace are enriched by those seemingly endless hours previously thought of as frittering away time.

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'Walk this Way': How ants create trails to multiple food sources

Researchers have discovered that in a foraging ant's search for food, it will leave pheromone trails connecting its colony to multiple food sources when they're available, successfully creating the first model that explains the phenomenon of trail formation to multiple food sources.

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Traditional Mayan practices have long promoted unique levels of family harmony: But what effect is globalization having?

A new study shows that the past 30 years of globalization have brought fundamental shifts in some aspects of family interaction among Indigenous people in Guatemala. But families have still maintained a unique level of harmony in their interactions.

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Traditional Mayan practices have long promoted unique levels of family harmony: But what effect is globalization having?

A new study shows that the past 30 years of globalization have brought fundamental shifts in some aspects of family interaction among Indigenous people in Guatemala. But families have still maintained a unique level of harmony in their interactions.

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Drug combination prompts immune response in some resistant pancreatic cancers

A new drug strategy that regulates the tumor immune microenvironment may transform a tumor that resists immunotherapy into a susceptible one, according to a new study.

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Genetic variation enhances cancer drug sensitivity

By exploiting the genetic variation in cancer cells, an already approved cancer drug demonstrated enhanced effects against cancer cells in specific patient groups, according to a new study. The findings suggest a potential for more individually tailored and more effective cancer therapies.

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Scientists discover laser light can cast a shadow

Researchers have found that under certain conditions, a laser beam can act like an opaque object and cast a shadow, opening new possibilities for technologies that could use a laser beam to control another laser beam.

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Three galactic 'red monsters' in the early Universe

Astronomers have identified three ultra-massive galaxies -- nearly as massive as the Milky Way -- already in place within the first billion years after the Big Bang. This surprising discovery was made possible by the James Webb Space Telescope's FRESCO program, which uses the NIRCam/grism spectrograph to measure accurate distances and stellar masses of galaxies. The results indicate that the formation of stars in the early Universe was far more efficient than previously thought, challenging existing galaxy formation models.

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Immunotherapy drug pembrolizumab improves outcomes for patients with soft tissue sarcoma

Addition of the immunotherapy drug pembrolizumab to standard of care for patients with advanced soft tissue sarcoma of the limb significantly improved disease-free survival, according to the results of the SU2C-SARC032 clinical trial.

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Compact error correction: Towards a more efficient quantum 'hard drive'

Two quantum information theorists have solved a decades-old problem that will free up quantum computing power.

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Personalized cancer care

More than half of midlands-based cancer patients whose genomes were successfully sequenced through the 100,000 Genomes Project.

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Elite coaches see compassion as a path to better performance

The potential of using compassion as a tool in elite sport is high, both for the individual athlete and in terms of sporting results, a study involving high-performance coaches shows.

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School suspensions and expulsions can lead to a lifetime of depression, study finds

A new study shows that children who are suspended or expelled from school report higher rates of depression in adolescence and into adulthood.

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How plants grow thicker, not just taller

Using a computer model that reveals how plants grow thicker over time, biologists have uncovered how cells are activated to produce wood tissue. Understanding the genetic and molecular signals behind this growth, they hope to advance forestry practices and carbon dioxide storage in trees.

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New insights into the Denisovans: New hominin group that interbred with modern day humans

Scientists believe individuals of the most recently discovered 'hominin' group (the Denisovans) that interbred with modern day humans passed on some of their genes via multiple, distinct interbreeding events that helped shape early human history. Scientists outline evidence suggesting that several Denisovan populations, who likely had an extensive geographical range from Siberia to Southeast Asia and from Oceania to South America, were adapted to distinct environments. They further outline a number of genes of Denisovan origin that gave modern day humans advantages in their different environments.

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Study expands understanding of how fecal microbiota transplants may work to restore gut health

In a study that identified male chromosome genetic material in the intestines of female patients undergoing fecal transplants, researchers say they have significantly expanded scientific understanding of how some of these transplants may succeed and work.

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Researchers home in on tumor vulnerabilities to improve odds of treating glioblastoma

Researchers have uncovered new targets that could be the key to effectively treating glioblastoma, a lethal type of brain cancer. These targets were identified through a screen for genetic vulnerabilities in patient-derived cancer stem cells that represent the variability found in tumors.

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Two key genes identified linking rheumatoid arthritis and osteoporosis

Researchers employed analysis tools and machine learning algorithms to identify two genes linked to rheumatoid arthritis and osteoporosis that could serve as diagnostic tools and potential targets for treatments. Drawing from a large database of genetic information, they gathered dozens of sequenced genomes from people with rheumatoid arthritis and osteoporosis to look for any similarities, using recently developed computational methods to narrow down their search. They identified genes ATXN2L and MMP14 as significantly associated with the progression of both rheumatoid arthritis and osteoporosis.

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Two key genes identified linking rheumatoid arthritis and osteoporosis

Researchers employed analysis tools and machine learning algorithms to identify two genes linked to rheumatoid arthritis and osteoporosis that could serve as diagnostic tools and potential targets for treatments. Drawing from a large database of genetic information, they gathered dozens of sequenced genomes from people with rheumatoid arthritis and osteoporosis to look for any similarities, using recently developed computational methods to narrow down their search. They identified genes ATXN2L and MMP14 as significantly associated with the progression of both rheumatoid arthritis and osteoporosis.

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Researchers enhance screening methods to prevent spread of drug-resistant fungal infections in hospitals

Expanded protocols promote early detection in high-risk patients and prevent hospital outbreaks of Candida auris.

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Researchers enhance screening methods to prevent spread of drug-resistant fungal infections in hospitals

Expanded protocols promote early detection in high-risk patients and prevent hospital outbreaks of Candida auris.

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Improving energy production by boosting singlet fission process

Singlet fission (SF) is an exciton amplification phenomenon in which two triplet excitons are generated from a singlet exciton produced by the absorption of a single photon in chromophores. A team of researchers has demonstrated that SF can be promoted by introducing chirality and controlling chromophore orientation and arrangement. Their innovative study is expected to promote diverse applications in energy science, quantum, and information materials science, photocatalysis, solar cells, and life science.

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New Huntington's treatment prevents protein aggregation

Patients with Huntington's disease have a genetic mutation that triggers proteins to misfold and clump together in the brain. These clumps interfere with cell function and eventually lead to cell death. The new treatment leverages peptide-brush polymers, which act as a shield to prevent proteins from binding to one another. In studies in mice, the treatment successfully rescued neurons to reverse symptoms.

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New Huntington's treatment prevents protein aggregation

Patients with Huntington's disease have a genetic mutation that triggers proteins to misfold and clump together in the brain. These clumps interfere with cell function and eventually lead to cell death. The new treatment leverages peptide-brush polymers, which act as a shield to prevent proteins from binding to one another. In studies in mice, the treatment successfully rescued neurons to reverse symptoms.

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Microplastics increasing in freshwater, directly related to plastic production

Microplastics have been steadily increasing in freshwater environments for decades and are directly tied to rising global plastic production since the 1950s, according to a new study by an interdisciplinary team. The findings provide insight into how microplastics move and spread in freshwater environments, which could be important for creating long-term solutions to reduce pollution, the researchers said.

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Landmark 20-year study of climate change impact on permafrost forests

A research team conducted perhaps the first long-term observation of CO2 budget in a permafrost forest. During the 20 years from 2003-2022, the team uncovered intriguing findings in the interior of Alaska.

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Global ocean oscillations and climate change affect weather patterns in the Serengeti

The interactions between global climate change and ocean oscillations -- fluctuating cycles in wind and ocean temperatures -- are impacting weather patterns in the Greater Mara-Serengeti ecosystem in Kenya and Tanzania, according to a new study.

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First pediatric guideline on opioid prescribing in primary care focuses on preventing overdose

With its emphasis on opioid overdose prevention, the first guideline for primary care providers from the American Academy of Pediatrics on prescribing opioids for acute pain in children and adolescents extends beyond responsible pain management.

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