Scientific advance leads to a new tool in the fight against hackers

A new form of security identification could soon see the light of day and help us protect our data from hackers and cybercriminals. Quantum mathematicians have solved a mathematical riddle that allows for a person's geographical location to be used as a personal ID that is secure against even the most advanced cyber attacks.

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Unlocked enzyme structure shows how strigolactone hormone controls plant growth

As sessile organisms, plants have to continually adapt their growth and architecture to the ever-changing environment. To do so, plants have evolved distinct molecular mechanisms to sense and respond to the environment and integrate the signals from outside with endogenous developmental programs. New research unravels the underlying mechanism of protein targeting and destruction in a specific plant hormone signaling pathway.

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Gut microbiome may alter response to cancer therapy

A new study captures the current understanding of the connection between the gut microbiome and therapeutic response to immunotherapy, chemotherapy, cancer surgery and more, pointing to ways that the microbiome could be targeted to improve treatment.

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All cells are important: A roadmap to characterize lymphoma stroma

Researchers identify gene expression signatures in different types of lymph nodes cells that play an active role in the development of lymphomas.

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New details behind the body's response to tuberculosis could lead to a more effective vaccine

In a person with active tuberculosis, immune activity can promote bacterial clearance, but in some situations, bacteria persist and grow. New research in an animal model of tuberculosis reveals which cellular and molecular features are associated with these different scenarios. Developing a vaccine that targets one or more of these features may effectively combat tuberculosis, which remains a major global health threat.

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Scientists illuminate mechanism of common drug target

Using advanced imaging methods, researchers have gained insight into how a common target of drugs sends cellular signals, a finding that may lead to better and more precise therapeutics.

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Study reveals Stonehenge landscape before the world-famous monument

Four thousand years before Stonehenge was constructed, land within the World Heritage Site was covered by open woodland, with meadow-like clearings, inhabited by grazing animals and hunter-gatherers, according to new research.

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A single course of antibiotics affects the gut microbiota of infants

A study indicates that antibiotics, which kill bacteria, boost the abundance of gut fungal microbiota. The phenomenon can be a contributing factor in the long-term adverse effects of antibiotics, such as inflammatory bowel diseases.

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Aspirin does not cut risk in non-obstructive coronary artery disease, study finds

Aspirin therapy, as opposed to statin use, for non-obstructive coronary artery disease does not reduce major cardiovascular events, according to a new study.

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Space-based system using GPS satellites could warn of incoming tsunamis

A new method for detecting tsunamis using existing GPS satellites orbiting Earth could serve as an effective warning system for countries worldwide, according to a new study.

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From blurry to bright: AI tech helps researchers peer into the brains of mice

Biomedical engineers have developed an artificial intelligence (AI) training strategy to capture images of mouse brain cells in action. The researchers say the AI system, in concert with specialized ultra-small microscopes, make it possible to find precisely where and when cells are activated during movement, learning and memory.

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CAR-T therapy effective in Black and Hispanic patients

CAR-T therapy, a form of immunotherapy that revs up T-cells to recognize and destroy cancer cells, has revolutionized the treatment of blood cancers, including certain leukemias, lymphomas, and most recently, multiple myeloma. However, Black and Hispanic people were largely absent from the major clinical trials that led to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration approval of CAR-T cell therapies.

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New study identifies genetic changes in patients who progress to esophageal cancer

A scientific team who studies a precancerous condition of the esophagus (called Barrett's esophagus or BE) are working to answer how to see genetic changes in cells before they turn cancerous. The team revealed that DNA changes in BE cells that presage esophageal cancer can be spotted years before cancer develops.

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Japanese population projected to live longer without dementia

A new microsimulation projects that over the next 20 years, Japanese people will live longer without dementia, but older women with a less than high school education will benefit less than men.

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A refined microbiome 'fingerprint' method tracks sub-strain variants of a single gut microbe strain

A previously developed a microbiome 'fingerprint' method that identifies single strains of particular gut bacteria through analysis of metagenomics data from fecal samples, has been refined to include looking for single-nucleotide variants in the KEGG metabolic pathways of a particular strain. This magnified analysis shows a short-term difference in sub-strain dynamics of two Bacteroides species between healthy individuals and hospitalized COVID-19 patients.

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Electronic skin anticipates and perceives touch from different directions for the first time

Scientists have developed a new approach for miniaturization of soft ultra-compact and highly integrated sensor units for directional tactile sensitivity in e-skin systems.

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Japanese population projected to live longer without dementia

A new microsimulation projects that over the next 20 years, Japanese people will live longer without dementia, but older women with a less than high school education will benefit less than men.

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Neuronal plasticity in chronic pain-induced anxiety revealed

Researchers have shown how chronic pain leads to maladaptive anxiety in mice, with implications for treatment of chronic pain-related psychiatric disorders in humans.

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Tangle no more, nanotubes

Scientists have developed an acid-based solvent that simplifies carbon nanotube processing in a way that's less toxic and easy to scale up for industrial applications.

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Neuronal plasticity in chronic pain-induced anxiety revealed

Researchers have shown how chronic pain leads to maladaptive anxiety in mice, with implications for treatment of chronic pain-related psychiatric disorders in humans.

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New evidence of how exercise can counter diabetes damage

One way exercise can counter the damage of diabetes is by enabling activation of a natural system we have to grow new blood vessels when existing ones are ravaged by this disease.

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Better assess the needs of people with multiple disabilities

How do we assess the needs of people with severe multiple disabilities? Unable to communicate verbally and physically, this population has nearly no possibility of expressing itself. Thanks to eye-tracking technology, a team has succeeded in identifying and evaluating certain perceptive and social-emotional abilities in nine children and adolescents with multiple disabilities, opening the way to personalized care.

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Protecting species for the good of global climate

Until now, measures to protect climate and biodiversity have often been developed in parallel. However, this is now considered outdated because many approaches can protect both climate and biodiversity. Scientists have now assessed the role of the potential future global biodiversity targets (Post-2020 Action Targets for 2030) for climate protection and found that about two thirds of these targets can also help to slow climate change.

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Speed thrills but kills: Major highway in India of particular concern to reptiles and amphibians

The National Highway 715, which passes through the Kaziranga National Park in Northeast India, is notorious for its roadkill. With protected habitats on both sides of the road, many animals cross it on a daily basis to feed and breed.

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Pathogens can hitch a ride on plastic to reach the sea

Microplastics are a pathway for pathogens on land to reach the ocean, with likely consequences for human and wildlife health, according to a new study. This study connects microplastic pollution in the ocean with land-based, diseases-carrying pathogens. The study, published April 26 in the journal Scientific Reports, is the first to connect microplastics in the ocean with land-based pathogens

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Immersive VR: Empowering kids to survive in fire, flood, and war

When you live in the driest State in the driest country in the world, bushfires are an unfortunate, and all-too-regular part of life. Learning how to survive such emergencies is important for all people, but especially for our youngest citizens.

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Better assess the needs of people with multiple disabilities

How do we assess the needs of people with severe multiple disabilities? Unable to communicate verbally and physically, this population has nearly no possibility of expressing itself. Thanks to eye-tracking technology, a team has succeeded in identifying and evaluating certain perceptive and social-emotional abilities in nine children and adolescents with multiple disabilities, opening the way to personalized care.

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A new era of mitochondrial genome editing has begun

A new era of mitochondrial genome editing has begun. Scientists successfully achieve A to G base conversion, the final missing piece of the puzzle in gene-editing technology.

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Breakthrough for efficient and high-speed spintronic devices

Scientists have made a major breakthrough on how the spin evolves in the nanoworld on extremely short time scales.

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Learning from endangered zebra stem cells

Scientists have produced stem cells from the endangered Grévy's zebra using human reprogramming factors. Further comprehensive gene analyses identified key genes that are also found in human and mouse cells, providing insight into evolutionary conservation between mammals.

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Offspring weakens when parents are given antibiotics

New study shows the immune system of zebrafish weakens if one parent has been exposed to antibiotics. Antibiotics can have unwanted effects for several generations, researchers discover.

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Scientists discover mechanism behind chemically induced suppression of fearful memories

Fearful events negatively impact the brain. For instance, war veterans often go through post-traumatic stress disorder months after the cessation of the triggering event. Now, the precise mechanism of suppression of such fearful memories has been uncovered. Using a mouse model, the researchers identified the associated biochemical pathways, thus paving the way for the development and clinical evaluation of therapeutic compounds such as KNT-127.

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Marine mollusc shells reveal how prehistoric humans adapted to intense climate change

A study reveals the impact and consequences of the '8.2 ka event', the largest abrupt climate change of the Holocene, for prehistoric foragers and marine ecology in Atlantic Europe.

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Newly discovered protein in fungus bypasses plant defenses

Scientists have identified a protein that allows the fungus which causes white mold stem rot in more than 600 plant species to overcome plant defenses. Knowledge of this protein, called SsPINE1, could help researchers develop a new, more precise system of control measures for the Sclerotinia sclerotiorum fungus, which attacks potatoes, soybeans, sunflowers, peas, lentils, canola, and many other broad leaf crops.

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Meet the forest microbes that can survive megafires

New research shows fungi and bacteria able to survive redwood tanoak forest megafires are microbial 'cousins' that often increase in abundance after feeling the flames.

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Breakthrough in estimating fossil fuel carbon dioxide emissions

Scientists have made a major breakthrough in detecting changes in fossil fuel carbon dioxide emissions more quickly and frequently.

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Federal research funding has positive 'ripple effects'

Federal funding for biomedical research has a 'ripple effect' of stimulating new studies even beyond the original purposes of a grant and may provide unexpected benefits, a new study suggests.

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An ocean in your brain: Interacting brain waves key to how we process information

For years, the brain has been thought of as a biological computer that processes information through traditional circuits, whereby data zips straight from one cell to another. While that model is still accurate, a new study shows that there's also a second, very different way that the brain parses information: through the interactions of waves of neural activity. The findings help researchers better understand how the brain processes information.

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An ocean in your brain: Interacting brain waves key to how we process information

For years, the brain has been thought of as a biological computer that processes information through traditional circuits, whereby data zips straight from one cell to another. While that model is still accurate, a new study shows that there's also a second, very different way that the brain parses information: through the interactions of waves of neural activity. The findings help researchers better understand how the brain processes information.

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Making 3D printing truly 3D: eliminating need for 2D layering

Researchers describe a technique of volumetric 3D printing that goes beyond the bottom-up, layered approach. The process eliminates the need for support structures because the resin it creates is self-supporting.

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Flexible electronics get brighter

Scientists have fabricated a flexible material that lights up brightly when stretched and/or when an electric field is applied. The results show promise for the development of bright, sustainable, stretchable devices for use, for example, as interactive skin displays and in soft robotics.

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The protein that keeps the pancreas from digesting itself

Scientists report that a protein known as estrogen-related receptor gamma is critical for preventing pancreatic auto-digestion in mice. Moreover, they discovered that people with pancreatitis have lower levels of this protein in cells affected by this inflammation.

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Women were less likely to return to work after a severe stroke

A new study has found that after a severe stroke treated with mechanical clot removal, about one third of stroke survivors resumed work three months later. Women were about half as likely to return to work three months after a severe stroke compared to men. The likelihood of returning to work for both men and women after a severe stroke was higher if they were treated with combined mechanical clot removal and clot-busting stroke medications as compared to mechanical clot removal alone.

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Intense exercise while dieting may reduce cravings for fatty food

In a study that offers hope for human dieters, rats on a 30-day diet who exercised intensely resisted cues for favored, high-fat food pellets. The experiment was designed to test resistance to the phenomenon known as 'incubation of craving,' meaning the longer a desired substance is denied, the harder it is to ignore signals for it. The findings suggest that exercise modulated how hard the rats were willing to work for cues associated with the pellets, reflecting how much they craved them.

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Scientists use machine learning to identify antibiotic resistant bacteria that can spread between animals, humans and the environment

Experts have developed a ground-breaking software, which combines DNA sequencing and machine learning to help them find where, and to what extent, antibiotic resistant bacteria is being transmitted between humans, animals and the environment.

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Pain in the neck? New surgical method could be game-changing

Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion is widely used to treat spinal disorders. The fusion involves placing a bone graft or 'cage' and/or implants where the surgically removed damaged disc was originally located to stabilize and strengthen the area. The risk factors for cage migration are multifactorial and include patient, radiological characteristics, surgical techniques and postoperative factors.

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For cooperative teams, modesty leaves the best impression

People may forgo displaying luxury brands and other signals of status when they want to convince others that they will collaborate well with a team, as people who signal their wealth and social status could be perceived as uncooperative, according to new research.

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People with diabetes and cognitive decline may be at higher risk for heart disease

People with type 2 diabetes who have cognitive impairment could be at greater risk for stroke, heart attack or death than other individuals with diabetes, according to a new study.

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Whole-brain preclinical study illuminates how epileptic seizures originate

New evidence from a zebrafish model of epilepsy may help resolve a debate into how seizures originate, according to investigators. The findings may also be useful in the discovery and development of future epilepsy drugs.

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Why Venus rotates, slowly, despite sun's powerful grip

If not for the soupy, fast-moving atmosphere on Venus, Earth's sister planet would likely not rotate. Instead, Venus would be locked in place, always facing the sun the way the same side of the moon always faces Earth.

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How do our eyes stay focused on what we reach for?

Keeping our eyes focused on what we reach for, whether it be an item at the grocery store or a ground ball on the baseball field, may appear seamless, but, in fact, is due to a complex neurological process involving intricate timing and coordination. Researchers now shed additional light on the machinations that ensure we don't look away from where we are reaching.

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Scientists identify potential new 'soldier' for cancer immunotherapy

The new cells, which the scientists have dubbed killer innate-like T cells, differ in several notable ways from the conventional target of many immunotherapies.

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Lasers trigger magnetism in atomically thin quantum materials

Researchers have discovered that light -- from a laser -- can trigger a form of magnetism in a normally nonmagnetic material. This magnetism centers on the behavior of electrons 'spins,' which have a potential applications in quantum computing. Scientists discovered that electrons within the material became oriented in the same direction when illuminated by photons from a laser. By controlling and aligning electron spins at this level of detail and accuracy, this platform could have applications in the field of quantum simulation.

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Mental illness associated with increased death from cardiovascular disease

Compared to the general population, people with severe mental illness, including schizophrenia, have higher levels of cardiovascular-related mortality, and that association has become stronger over recent decades, according to a new study.

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Wearables can track COVID symptoms, other diseases

If you become ill with COVID-19, your smartwatch can track the progression of your symptoms, and could even show how sick you become.

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Mental illness associated with increased death from cardiovascular disease

Compared to the general population, people with severe mental illness, including schizophrenia, have higher levels of cardiovascular-related mortality, and that association has become stronger over recent decades, according to a new study.

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Portable, point-of-care COVID-19 test discerns alpha variant from earlier strains

A point-of-care COVID-19 test developed by researchers can now detect and differentiate the alpha variant of the SARS-CoV-2 virus from earlier strains in saliva samples.

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New research predicts the disappearance of Olympic Peninsula glaciers

By 2070, the glaciers on the Olympic Peninsula, in Washington State, will have largely disappeared, according to a new study. Although some glaciers will probably remain -- albeit as tiny shells of their former selves. Since about 1900 the region has lost half of its glacier area and since 1980, 35 glaciers and 16 perennial snowfields have disappeared.

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Portable, point-of-care COVID-19 test discerns alpha variant from earlier strains

A point-of-care COVID-19 test developed by researchers can now detect and differentiate the alpha variant of the SARS-CoV-2 virus from earlier strains in saliva samples.

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Cancer burden facing Asian Americans partly caused by racism, experts say

Racism facing Asian Americans is compounding existing cancer inequities. They are the first U.S. population group to experience cancer as the leading cause of death. A commentary outlines the factors contributing to this.

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Genetics affects functions of gut microbiome

Scientists are exploring how human genetics impacts functions of the gut microbiome, and are expanding awareness of the role human genetics plays in shaping the microbiome.

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Tumors partially destroyed with sound don't come back

Noninvasive sound technology breaks down liver tumors in rats, kills cancer cells and spurs the immune system to prevent further spread -- an advance that could lead to improved cancer outcomes in humans.

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AF2Complex: Researchers leverage deep learning to predict physical interactions of protein complexes

Proteins are the molecular machinery that makes life possible, and researchers have long been interested in a key trait of protein function: their three-dimensional structure. A new study details a computational tool able to predict the structure protein complexes -- and lends new insights into the biomolecular mechanisms of their function.

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Study shows simple, computationally-light model can simulate complex brain cell responses

Studying how brain cells respond to signals from their neighbors can aid the understanding of cognition and development. However, experimentally measuring the brain's activity is complicated. Neuron models provide a non-invasive way to investigate the brain, but most existing models are either computationally intensive or cannot model complex neuronal responses. Recently, a team has used a computationally simple neuron model to simulate some of the complex responses of neurons.

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Some children with cerebral palsy scoliosis may not need pelvic fixation, study shows

A new study finds that some children with cerebral palsy and scoliosis do not require pelvic fixation when undergoing growth-friendly treatment. Researchers say those with a small enough pelvic and lower lumbar spine tilt may not need screws inserted into the pelvis, potentially avoiding several complications.

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With dwindling water supplies, the timing of rainfall matters

A new study shows it's not how much extra water you give your plants, but when you give it that counts. Researchers observed that in summer, plants grow more when given extra water, in addition to any natural rainfall. However, the same is not true in winter.

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Some children with cerebral palsy scoliosis may not need pelvic fixation, study shows

A new study finds that some children with cerebral palsy and scoliosis do not require pelvic fixation when undergoing growth-friendly treatment. Researchers say those with a small enough pelvic and lower lumbar spine tilt may not need screws inserted into the pelvis, potentially avoiding several complications.

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Unlocking complex workings of the biological clock

Scientists want to increase their understanding of circadian rhythms, those internal 24-hour biological clock cycles of sleeping and waking that occur in organisms, ranging from humans to plants to fungi to bacteria. Researchers have examined the complex workings of cyanobacteria and can now better comprehend what drives its circadian clock.

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Rilzabrutinib for blood disorder shows promise in phase 1--2 clinical trial

In an international phase 1--2 clinical trial of patients with immune thrombocytopenia, an oral investigational drug called rilzabrutinib was active and associated with only low-level toxic effects at all dose levels.

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Rilzabrutinib for blood disorder shows promise in phase 1--2 clinical trial

In an international phase 1--2 clinical trial of patients with immune thrombocytopenia, an oral investigational drug called rilzabrutinib was active and associated with only low-level toxic effects at all dose levels.

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Body's response to different strains of tuberculosis could affect transmission

Two strains of the bacterium causing tuberculosis have only minor genetic differences but attack the lungs in completely different fashion, according to researchers.

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Body's response to different strains of tuberculosis could affect transmission

Two strains of the bacterium causing tuberculosis have only minor genetic differences but attack the lungs in completely different fashion, according to researchers.

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Engineers enlist AI to help scale up advanced solar cell manufacturing

Perovskite materials could potentially replace silicon to make solar cells that are far thinner, lighter, and cheaper. But turning these materials into a product that can be manufactured competitively has been a long struggle. A new system using machine learning could speed the development of optimized production methods, and help make this next generation of solar power a reality.

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Methane from waste should not be wasted: Exploring landfill ecosystems

Scientists explore microbial communities flourishing in leachate, a liquid percolating through solid waste in a landfill. They find that the composition and behavior of specific microbes found in arid landfills, like those in Arizona, are distinct from similar communities in more subtropical or temperate climates. Microbial composition also differs depending on the age of the landfill deposits.

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Research could enable assembly line synthesis of prevalent amine-containing drugs

A research team has discovered a new chemical reaction that provides a simple, rapid way of making tertiary amines -- swinging the door wide open to the discovery of new medicinal compounds.

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From cell fat to cell fate

A cell's production of fat molecules can be a key factor in determining what that cell will become.

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A new toolkit to engineer safe and efficient therapeutic cells

Researchers undertook a systematic analysis of the molecular building blocks used to engineer therapeutic cells. Their work resulted in a comprehensive rule book for the design of therapeutic cells with improved specificity and safety, and for the eventual customization of cell-based therapies.

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Research could enable assembly line synthesis of prevalent amine-containing drugs

A research team has discovered a new chemical reaction that provides a simple, rapid way of making tertiary amines -- swinging the door wide open to the discovery of new medicinal compounds.

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From cell fat to cell fate

A cell's production of fat molecules can be a key factor in determining what that cell will become.

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Methionine restriction may improve aggressive brain cancer prognosis in children

Deadly brain cancers called diffuse midline gliomas are uniquely dependent on methionine, an amino acid abundant in legumes and poultry.

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Human fetuses evolved to slow shoulder growth for easier delivery

The growth of human shoulders slows down just before birth and speeds up thereafter; this alleviates the problem of shoulder dystocia. Computed tomography was used to obtain cross-sectional representations of the clavicle in humans, chimpanzees, and Japanese macaques; the researchers then looked at different shoulder-width to birth-risk correlations between humans and the two other primates.

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Unlocking the molecular mechanism of PTSD treatment

Unlocking the molecular mechanism of PTSD treatment. Scientists discover that modulating NMDA receptor activity is the key to successful treatment.

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Exercise during pregnancy reduces the risk of Type-2 Diabetes in offspring

Exercising during pregnancy bestows a wealth of benefits upon a child. New research suggests that exercise may also help reduce the offspring's chances of getting type 2 diabetes. Researchers uncovered how SOD3, a key protein released by the placenta after exercise, improves the metabolic health of offspring and negates the impacts of maternal obesity and poor diets.

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Could releasing ‘handbrake’ immune cells help supercharge immunity?

Researchers have found a way to supercharge immune cells that could enable them to clear disease and infections faster

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Exercise during pregnancy reduces the risk of Type-2 Diabetes in offspring

Exercising during pregnancy bestows a wealth of benefits upon a child. New research suggests that exercise may also help reduce the offspring's chances of getting type 2 diabetes. Researchers uncovered how SOD3, a key protein released by the placenta after exercise, improves the metabolic health of offspring and negates the impacts of maternal obesity and poor diets.

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Management researchers prescribe possible remedy in opioid misuse

A team of researchers developed a framework that may help clinicians objectively identify and estimate harms and benefits of opioid use for pain management.

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About 1 in 4 adults has an often-missed liver disorder linked to higher heart disease risk

It is estimated that about one in four adults worldwide has an abnormal build-up of fat in the liver, called non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). NAFLD can lead to permanent liver damage, and heart disease is the leading cause of death in people with fatty liver disease. Because NAFLD is often missed in routine medical screening, the new scientific statement raises awareness and understanding about its link to heart disease and to outline how to prevent and diagnose the condition.

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Scientists identify novel approach to preventing seizures

Scientists have announced a significant advance in our understanding of epilepsy, as they have identified a potential method of preventing damaging seizure activity. Brain cells are nourished by an intricate network of capillaries that forms the so-called blood-brain barrier (BBB). Fundamentally, it is disruption to the integrity of these capillaries and the BBB that a group of scientists believe is a key driver of seizure activity in humans. Promisingly though, their new research shows that restoring that integrity can prevent seizures.

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Hubble sheds light on origins of supermassive black holes

Astronomers have identified a rapidly growing black hole in the early universe that is considered a crucial "missing link" between young star-forming galaxies and the first supermassive black holes. They used data from NASA's Hubble Space Telescope to make this discovery.

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What do you see when you listen to music?

Music isn't a truly universal language, it turns out. A team of researchers has found that culture and background influence what we visualize when we listen to instrumental music we've never heard before.

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Immune response to parasitic worms

New research looked at if exposure to pathogens, in particular helminths, can stimulate the immune system and reduce predisposition for inflammatory bowel disease.

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Climate change affects landscape freeze-thaw but not in the same way everywhere

Researchers have use new statistical framework and analysis of datasets to demonstrate how increasing air temperatures and decreasing snow cover work in tandem to increase the effects of climate change in a non-linear fashion, meaning that they work to amplify the overall impact felt on the ground.

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Treatment prevents hypoglycemia in children with hyperinsulinism

Researchers have shown that a targeted treatment they developed is effective at controlling blood sugar in patients with hyperinsulinism (HI), a genetic disease in which the pancreas produces too much insulin. The findings provide further evidence that the treatment could prevent hypoglycemia in patients with HI and may preclude the need for a full removal of their pancreas, a current standard treatment for severe diffuse HI.

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Blood type may offer insights into risk of blood clot in people with cancer

A new study suggests that people with cancer and non-O blood types, such as types A, B, and AB, face an increased risk of developing venous thromboembolism (VTE), or blood clots in the veins, three months after their initial diagnosis. Scientists have long strived to understand the risk factors for VTE, the leading cause of preventable hospital deaths in the United States. Existing assessments use factors like tumor or cancer type to detect those at high risk of VTE. Yet, many patients without these diagnoses still develop life-threatening blood clots but go unidentified.

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Microscaffolds: A new strategy in tissue engineering

A new strategy in tissue engineering has been developed: Tiny spherical microscaffolds are created in a high precision 3D printer. They are cultivated with living cells and then assembled. The cells keep multiplying, creating a tissue, the scaffolds are eventually degraded.

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Machine learning predicts conduct disorder in kids

Conduct disorder (CD) is a common yet complex psychiatric disorder featuring aggressive and destructive behavior. Factors contributing to the development of CD span biological, psychological, and social domains. Researchers have identified a myriad of risk factors that could help predict CD, but they are often considered in isolation. Now, a new study uses a machine-learning approach for the first time to assess risk factors across all three domains in combination and predict later development of CD with high accuracy.

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Microscaffolds: A new strategy in tissue engineering

A new strategy in tissue engineering has been developed: Tiny spherical microscaffolds are created in a high precision 3D printer. They are cultivated with living cells and then assembled. The cells keep multiplying, creating a tissue, the scaffolds are eventually degraded.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/SyoLAeG

Machine learning predicts conduct disorder in kids

Conduct disorder (CD) is a common yet complex psychiatric disorder featuring aggressive and destructive behavior. Factors contributing to the development of CD span biological, psychological, and social domains. Researchers have identified a myriad of risk factors that could help predict CD, but they are often considered in isolation. Now, a new study uses a machine-learning approach for the first time to assess risk factors across all three domains in combination and predict later development of CD with high accuracy.

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Discovery reveals new way to inhibit key cancer driver, other mutated genes

Scientists have discovered a new way to inhibit the most commonly mutated gene underlying human tumor growth, paving the way for new treatments for cancer and a host of other diseases.

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Discovery reveals new way to inhibit key cancer driver, other mutated genes

Scientists have discovered a new way to inhibit the most commonly mutated gene underlying human tumor growth, paving the way for new treatments for cancer and a host of other diseases.

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Smoking increased in those trying to quit during COVID-19, study shows

A study showed statistically significant and potentially clinically important differences between those who increased and decreased tobacco use during the pandemic. Among current smokers, 28.2 percent reported increased tobacco use, 17.3 percent reported decreased tobacco use and 54.5 percent reported no change. In addition, there were no reports of relapse among former smokers.

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Innovative technology will use smart sensors to ensure vaccine safety

A new study enables developers to determine vaccine safety via smart sensors that measure objective physiological parameters.

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Innovative technology will use smart sensors to ensure vaccine safety

A new study enables developers to determine vaccine safety via smart sensors that measure objective physiological parameters.

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COVID-19 vaccine protects patients with inflammatory bowel disease from SARS-CoV-2

COVID-19 vaccines taken by people with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which affects millions worldwide, safely and effectively protects them from the SARS-Cov-2 virus, a study finds.

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SARS-CoV-2: Neutralization of BA.1 and BA.2 by therapeutic monoclonal antibodies

Scientists studied the sensitivity of Omicron BA.1 and BA.2 to nine monoclonal antibodies, some of which are used in pre-exposure prophylaxis in immunocompromised individuals. The scientists showed a loss of neutralizing activity against BA.1 and BA.2 in people treated with two antibody cocktails.

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Advancing maturation of human pluripotent stem cell-derived heart cells

New study outlines scalable protocol to enhance development and understanding of human pluripotent stem cells in cardiac muscles.

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Faces of dominance: Why the faces of women and men are perceived differently by liberals and conservatives

A new study finds that liberals and conservatives differ in how they perceive dominance in women, which may influence their likelihood to vote them into political office.

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How to keep knowledge alive for emergencies

Researchers have investigated how to prevent knowledge and skills that were learned long ago and are rarely used from getting rusty.

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U.S., EU responsible for the majority of ecological damage caused by excess use of raw materials, study finds

High-income nations are responsible for 74 percent of the global excess in resource extraction over the 1970-2017 period, driven primarily by the United States and the countries of the European Union. This is demonstrated in an international study, which determines national responsibility for ecological breakdown by calculating the extent to which each nation has overshot their fair share of sustainable resource use thresholds.

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People wrongly believe their friends will protect them from COVID-19

People may feel less vulnerable and take fewer safety precautions about COVID-19 when they are with, or even just think about, their friends instead of acquaintances or strangers, according to new research.

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Researchers adapt technology made for astronomical observations to biomedical imaging

Researchers have captured images of multiple radionuclides in mice using astronomy technology.

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Air pollution responsible for 180,000 excess deaths in tropical cities

Around 180,000 avoidable deaths over 14 years in fast-growing tropical cities were caused by a rapid rise in emerging air pollution, a study has revealed.

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Key to success of drug-resistant bacteria

Researchers have uncovered how Gram-negative bacteria -- which cause a variety of drug-resistant infections -- build their protective outer layer, which could lead to more effective treatments.

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CRISPR gene editing reveals biological mechanism behind common blood disorder

Researchers have used CRISPR gene editing -- a type of 'molecular scissors' -- to understand how deletions in one area of the genome can affect the expression of nearby genes. The work will help researchers investigate new therapeutic approaches for one of the world's most devastating genetic blood disorders -- sickle cell disease. Asymptomatic sickle cell disease patients actually lack a tiny part of the genome, scientists have shown.

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How T cell-derived interleukin-22 promotes antibacterial defense of colonic crypts

Intestinal epithelial cells line the inner wall of the gut, creating a barrier to dangerous bacteria like enteropathogenic E. coli that seek to attach and efface that barrier, causing diarrhea. Such pathogens pose significant risks to human health and cause infant death in developing countries. A new study shows how two types of immune cells -- one a part of the innate immune system and the other a part of the adaptive immune system -- play distinct and indispensable roles to defend that barrier.

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Toward high-powered telecommunication systems

Researchers have developed a fully integrated high-power laser on a lithium niobate chip, paving the way for high-powered telecommunication systems, fully integrated spectrometers, optical remote sensing, and efficient frequency conversion for quantum networks, among other applications.

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Dengue detection smartphone tech shows new hope for low-cost diagnostics

Accurate home testing could be used for a wider range of illnesses, as new research shows the capability of smartphone-powered tests for Dengue Fever.

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To save California's whales, put overlooked threats into policy

Current whale-protection policies in California rarely address the overlapping, compounding stressors facing whale populations.

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Phthalates: Study investigates the effects of DiNP on the colon

Researchers looked at the effect of DiNP on the colonic environment in a new study.

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Study reports potential target and compounds to slow the development of Alzheimer's disease

Researchers have discovered a potential biomarker for Alzheimer's disease diagnosis that may also serve as a therapeutic target. Examining cerebrospinal fluid samples from patients with cognitive impairment ranging from subjective impairment to a diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease, they found a shift in the profile of specialized liquid mediators from pro-resolving to pro-inflammatory.

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Some types of epilepsy may be associated with worse quality of life

A new study suggests that people with epilepsy associated with head injuries, especially the type not well controlled by medication, are more likely to have other health conditions like depression, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), back pain and headache that may result in them reporting a lower quality of life. Other conditions included chronic conditions like high blood pressure, sleep disorders, and behavioral health conditions such as anxiety.

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Turmeric compound helps grow engineered blood vessels and tissues

Curcumin, a compound found in turmeric, has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties and is known to suppress angiogenesis in malignant tumors. Bioengineers have now discovered that when delivered through magnetic hydrogels into stem cell cultures this versatile compound paradoxically also promotes the secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor, or VEGF, that helps vascular tissues grow.

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Study reports potential target and compounds to slow the development of Alzheimer's disease

Researchers have discovered a potential biomarker for Alzheimer's disease diagnosis that may also serve as a therapeutic target. Examining cerebrospinal fluid samples from patients with cognitive impairment ranging from subjective impairment to a diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease, they found a shift in the profile of specialized liquid mediators from pro-resolving to pro-inflammatory.

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Century-old malaria parasite puzzle solved as ape origin traced

Scientists have solved a 100-year-old mystery about the evolutionary links between malaria parasites that infect humans and chimpanzees.

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Century-old malaria parasite puzzle solved as ape origin traced

Scientists have solved a 100-year-old mystery about the evolutionary links between malaria parasites that infect humans and chimpanzees.

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Simulations explain Greenland’s slower summer warming

Climate changes in the tropical Pacific have temporarily put the brakes on rapid warming and ice melting in Greenland.

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Neolithic made us taller and more intelligent but more prone to heart disease

After the Neolithic, European populations showed an increase in height and intelligence, reduced skin pigmentation and increased risk of cardiovascular disease due to genetic changes that lowered concentrations of 'good' HDL cholesterol. The changes reflect ongoing evolutionary processes in humans and highlight the impact the Neolithic revolution had on our lifestyle and health. Research of these past events offers interesting starting points for today's science and health care.

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Touchy subject: 3D printed fingertip 'feels' like human skin

A highly sensitive, 3D-printed fingertip could help robots become more dexterous and improve the performance of prosthetic hands by giving them an in-built sense of touch.

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Sugar-coated nanoparticles target macrophages, reverse pulmonary fibrosis

Scientists have developed a treatment for pulmonary fibrosis by using nanoparticles coated in mannose -- a type of sugar -- to stop a population of lung cells called macrophages that contribute to lung tissue scarring. The cell-targeting method holds promise for preventing this severe lung scarring disease, which can result in life-threatening complications like shortness of breath.

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The dark matter of the brain

They are part of the brain of almost every animal species, yet they remain usually invisible even under the electron microscope.

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Sugar-coated nanoparticles target macrophages, reverse pulmonary fibrosis

Scientists have developed a treatment for pulmonary fibrosis by using nanoparticles coated in mannose -- a type of sugar -- to stop a population of lung cells called macrophages that contribute to lung tissue scarring. The cell-targeting method holds promise for preventing this severe lung scarring disease, which can result in life-threatening complications like shortness of breath.

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Women seen as happy and men as angry despite real emotions

Faces and voices are more likely to be judged as male when they are angry, and as female when they are happy, new research has revealed. The study found that how we understand the emotional expression of a face or voice is heavily influenced by perceived sex, and vice versa. He said: "This study shows how important it is not to rely too much on your first impressions, as they can easily be wrong. "Next time you find yourself attributing happiness or sadness to a woman be aware of your bias and possible misinterpretation."

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Women seen as happy and men as angry despite real emotions

Faces and voices are more likely to be judged as male when they are angry, and as female when they are happy, new research has revealed. The study found that how we understand the emotional expression of a face or voice is heavily influenced by perceived sex, and vice versa. He said: "This study shows how important it is not to rely too much on your first impressions, as they can easily be wrong. "Next time you find yourself attributing happiness or sadness to a woman be aware of your bias and possible misinterpretation."

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In food safety study, 25% of participants contaminated salad with raw chicken

In a study aimed at assessing the impact of washing poultry on kitchen contamination, researchers found that more than a quarter of study participants contaminated salad with raw poultry -- including many study participants who did not wash the poultry. The study highlights the importance of hand-washing and cleaning and sanitizing the kitchen in order to reduce the risk of foodborne illness when cooking at home.

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Monkeys routinely consume fruit containing alcohol, shedding light on our own taste for booze

Scientists analyzed the ethanol content of fruit eaten by spider monkeys in Panama, and found that the fruit regularly contained alcohol: between 1% and 2%. The researchers also collected urine samples, most of which contained secondary metabolites of ethanol. The results provide further evidence that our primate ancestors preferentially sought out fermented, alcohol-containing fruit likely for its greater nutritional value, and that humans may have inherited this proclivity for ethanol.

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Freshwater mussels can inhibit bacterial diseases

Researchers have found brown trout better survived a Flavobacterium disease outbreak if the fish had larvae of freshwater pearl mussel in their gills. In another study, duck mussels were observed to filter and remove Flavobacterium from the water.

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Converting body heat into electricity: A step closer towards high-performance organic thermoelectrics

Researchers have introduce a new path towards superior organic thermoelectric devices: highly efficient modulation doping of highly ordered organic semiconductors under high doping concentrations.

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What's the skinny on those pandemic pounds?

More Americans weighed in as obese during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic than in the previous year. A new study presents evidence from a large, nationally representative survey that documents this trend and helps to explain behavior changes that led to widespread weight gain in 2020.

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What's the skinny on those pandemic pounds?

More Americans weighed in as obese during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic than in the previous year. A new study presents evidence from a large, nationally representative survey that documents this trend and helps to explain behavior changes that led to widespread weight gain in 2020.

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New research shows survival rate improvement for extremely pre-term infants

A study conducted at 19 medical centers from 2013-2018 found that the survival rate of babies born at 22 weeks (30%) and 23 weeks (55.8%) had increased significantly compared to the same study conducted from 2008-2013, in which only 7% of babies born at 22 weeks and 32% born at 23 weeks survived.

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CRISPR and HIV: New technique in human blood unveils potential paths toward cure

Gene editing used to discover human proteins hijacked by HIV to replicate in blood • By better understanding how the virus replicates, treatments could one day become cures • 'This new assay is the most faithful representation of what's happening in the body during HIV infection that we could easily study in the lab,' researcher says • Over half the genes identified in the study had never been looked at in the context of HIV infection

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Higher blood fats more harmful than first thought

The increased levels of blood fats in people with type 2 diabetes and obesity are more harmful than previously thought, a new study has found. The research shows they can kill cells, make symptoms more severe, and worsen the illness. Increased fat in the blood has long been known to damage tissues and organs, contributing to the development of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases including type 2 diabetes.

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Study sheds light on why immunodeficiency affects only one identical twin

Scientists have long queried the causes of immune disorders in only one of two identical twins with identical genes. New research has found the answer lies in both alterations in immune cell-cell communication and the epigenome, the host of biological processes that regulate how our genes function.

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Warmer autumns could spell bad news for butterflies, suggests study

New research finds that longer and warmer autumns make it less likely that green-veined white butterflies will survive winter to emerge in spring.

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Mammals put brawn before brains to survive post-dinosaur world

Prehistoric mammals bulked up, rather than develop bigger brains, to boost their survival chances once dinosaurs had become extinct, research suggests.

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Higher blood fats more harmful than first thought

The increased levels of blood fats in people with type 2 diabetes and obesity are more harmful than previously thought, a new study has found. The research shows they can kill cells, make symptoms more severe, and worsen the illness. Increased fat in the blood has long been known to damage tissues and organs, contributing to the development of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases including type 2 diabetes.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/CuJnGLa