5-minute breathing workout lowers blood pressure as much as exercise, drugs

A new study shows that a breathing exercise known as Inspiratory Muscle Strength Training can reduce blood pressure in weeks, with benefits on par with daily exercise or medication.

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Machine learning helps in predicting when immunotherapy will be effective

Cancer cells can put the body's immune cells into sleep mode. Immunotherapy can reverse this, but it doesn't work for all patients and all cancer types. Researchers have now developed machine learning models that can predict if someone is likely to respond positively to immunotherapy. In clinical settings, this could pave the way for personalized immunotherapy approaches for patients, as well as guidance on how to best combine immunotherapy with other treatments.

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Human stem cells enable model to test drug impact on brain's blood barrier

Using an experimental model to simulate the blood-brain barrier, scientists reported in unprecedented detail how antioxidants protect the brain from inflammation caused by such neurodegenerative diseases as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's.

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Employed individuals more likely to contract the flu, study shows

Researchers found that employed individuals, on average, are 35.3% more likely to be infected with the flu virus.

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Embryo freezing for IVF appears linked to blood pressure problems in pregnancy

A large cohort study drawn from the national IVF registry of France, which included almost 70,000 pregnancies delivered after 22 weeks gestation between 2013 and 2018, has found a higher risk of pre-eclampsia and hypertension in pregnancies derived from frozen-thawed embryos. This risk was found significantly greater in those treatments in which the uterus was prepared for implantation with hormone replacement therapies. The results confirm with real-life data what has been observed in sub-groups of patients in other studies.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3qDlHI5

5-minute breathing workout lowers blood pressure as much as exercise, drugs

A new study shows that a breathing exercise known as Inspiratory Muscle Strength Training can reduce blood pressure in weeks, with benefits on par with daily exercise or medication.

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Employed individuals more likely to contract the flu, study shows

Researchers found that employed individuals, on average, are 35.3% more likely to be infected with the flu virus.

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Better method to predict offshore wind power

Researchers have developed a machine learning model using a physics-based simulator and real-world meteorological data to better predict offshore wind power.

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Mixing it up: A low-cost way to make efficient, stable perovskite solar cells

By using a fluid mixing process instead of expensive, high-temperature fabrication methods, researchers may have demonstrated a pathway to producing flexible, printed solar cells on a cost effective, industrial scale.

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New research lifts the clouds on land clearing and biodiversity loss

A new mathematical model has been developed to uncover land clearing when satellite imagery is obstructed by clouds.

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Embryo freezing for IVF appears linked to blood pressure problems in pregnancy

A large cohort study drawn from the national IVF registry of France, which included almost 70,000 pregnancies delivered after 22 weeks gestation between 2013 and 2018, has found a higher risk of pre-eclampsia and hypertension in pregnancies derived from frozen-thawed embryos. This risk was found significantly greater in those treatments in which the uterus was prepared for implantation with hormone replacement therapies. The results confirm with real-life data what has been observed in sub-groups of patients in other studies.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3qDlHI5

The Southern diet - fried foods and sugary drinks - may raise risk of sudden cardiac death

Participants in a large-scale study who more commonly consumed a Southern-style diet - high in added fats, fried foods, processed meats and sugary drinks - had a higher risk of sudden cardiac death than people who had lower adherence to a Southern-style diet.

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Slowing down grape ripening can improve fruit quality for winemaking

Wine grapes are particularly finicky when it comes to their environment. For instance, heatwaves and droughts lead to earlier berry ripening and lackluster wine. And these types of episodes are expected to intensify as Earth's climate changes. Now, researchers have tweaked growing conditions for Cabernet Sauvignon grapes to slow down their ripening, which increased the levels of compounds associated with wine's characteristic floral and fruity notes.

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Scientists intensify electrolysis, utilize carbon dioxide more efficiently with magnets

A promising approach captures atmospheric carbon dioxide and then through CO2 electrolysis converts it into value-added chemicals and intermediates, like ethanol. Reducing the energy consumption of this high-power process has been underexplored. Researchers report a new opportunity to use magnetism to reduce the energy required for CO2 electrolysis by up to 60% in a flow electrolyzer.

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Discovery of the role of a key gene in the development of ALS

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, or ALS, attacks nerve cells known as motor neurons in the brain and spinal cord, gradually leading to paralysis. The loss of function of an important gene, C9orf72, may affect communication between motor neurons and muscles in people with this disease.

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Jackdaws don't console traumatized mates

Male jackdaws don't stick around to console their mate after a traumatic experience, new research shows.

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The Southern diet - fried foods and sugary drinks - may raise risk of sudden cardiac death

Participants in a large-scale study who more commonly consumed a Southern-style diet - high in added fats, fried foods, processed meats and sugary drinks - had a higher risk of sudden cardiac death than people who had lower adherence to a Southern-style diet.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3y85Ljv

Discovery of the role of a key gene in the development of ALS

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, or ALS, attacks nerve cells known as motor neurons in the brain and spinal cord, gradually leading to paralysis. The loss of function of an important gene, C9orf72, may affect communication between motor neurons and muscles in people with this disease.

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Digging into the molecules of fossilized dinosaur eggshells

Dinosaurs roamed the Earth more than 65 million years ago, and paleontologists and amateur fossil hunters are still unearthing traces of them today. The minerals in fossilized eggs and shell fragments provide snapshots into these creatures' early lives, as well as their fossilization processes. Now, researchers have analyzed the molecular makeup of fossilized dinosaur eggshells from Mexico, finding nine amino acids and evidence of ancient protein structures.

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Fecal records show Maya population affected by climate change

A new study has shown that the size of the Maya population in the lowland city of Itzan (in present-day Guatemala) varied over time in response to climate change. The findings show that both droughts and very wet periods led to important population declines.

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Floods may be nearly as important as droughts for future carbon accounting

In a 34-year global analysis, researchers found that photosynthesis -- an important process for removing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and storing it in soil -- was controlled by extreme wet events nearly as often as droughts in certain locations.

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Frequent COVID-19 testing key to efficient, early detection, study finds

The chance of detecting the virus that causes COVID-19 increases with more frequent testing, no matter the type of test, a new study found. Both polymerase chain reaction and antigen tests, paired with rapid results reporting, can achieve 98 percent sensitivity if deployed at least every three days.

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Researchers look to human 'social sensors' to better predict elections and other trends

Researchers can gather highly accurate information about social trends and groups by asking about a person's social circle rather than interrogating their own individual beliefs.

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Eating disorder behaviors alter reward response in brain

A new study found that eating disorder behaviors alter the brain's reward response process and food intake control circuitry, which can reinforce the behaviors.

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Investigational malaria vaccine gives strong, lasting protection

Two U.S. Phase 1 clinical trials of a novel candidate malaria vaccine have found that the regimen conferred unprecedentedly high levels of durable protection when volunteers were later exposed to disease-causing malaria parasites. The vaccine combines live parasites with either of two widely used antimalarial drugs -- an approach termed chemoprophylaxis vaccination. A Phase 2 clinical trial of the vaccine is now underway in Mali, a malaria-endemic country.

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Cross-generational consequences of lead poisoning

Scientists have shown that environmental lead poisoning in children affects not only their own health and wellbeing, but the vitality and mental health of their mothers, as well.

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Thinking in 3D improves mathematical skills

Spatial reasoning ability in small children reflects how well they will perform in mathematics later. Researchers recently came to this conclusion, making the case for better cultivation of spatial reasoning.

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Cross-generational consequences of lead poisoning

Scientists have shown that environmental lead poisoning in children affects not only their own health and wellbeing, but the vitality and mental health of their mothers, as well.

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Astronomers have identified a white dwarf so massive that it might collapse

Astronomers have identified an extremely magnetized and rapidly rotating ultra-massive white dwarf. Several telescopes characterized the dead star.

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Thinking in 3D improves mathematical skills

Spatial reasoning ability in small children reflects how well they will perform in mathematics later. Researchers recently came to this conclusion, making the case for better cultivation of spatial reasoning.

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Wildfire changes songbird plumage and testosterone

Following habitat-destroying wildfires, researchers found many male red-backed fairywrens failed to molt into their ornamental plumage, making them less attractive to potential mates. They also had lowered circulating testosterone, which has been associated with their showy feathers. The birds' fat stores and stress hormone corticosterone remained at normal levels. While the findings are specific to this songbird, they may have implications for other species that don special coloration for mating.

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Looking at tumors through a new lens

A new study reveals vulnerabilities in recurrent glioblastoma, providing potential co-targets for enhancing neoadjuvant immune checkpoint blockade.

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Prevalence of COVID-19 among hospitalized infants varies with levels of community transmission

How common COVID-19 is among infants may depend on the degree of the pandemic virus circulating in a community.

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Prevalence of COVID-19 among hospitalized infants varies with levels of community transmission

How common COVID-19 is among infants may depend on the degree of the pandemic virus circulating in a community.

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This 5,000-year-old man had the earliest known strain of plague

The oldest strain of Yersinia pestis -- the bacteria behind the plague that caused the Black Death, which may have killed as much as half of Europe's population in the 1300s -- has been found in the remains of a 5,000-year-old hunter-gatherer. A genetic analysis reveals that this ancient strain was likely less contagious and not as deadly as its medieval version.

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Increased use of household fireworks creates a public health hazard

Fireworks are synonymous in the United States with the celebration of Independence Day and other special events, but the colorful displays have caused a growing risk to public safety in recent years, according to a new study.

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Computer training program for seniors can reduce hazardous driving

A recent proof-of-concept study finds that a low-cost training program can reduce hazardous driving in older adults. Researchers hope the finding will lead to the training becoming more widely available.

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A new class of functional elements in the human genome?

When regions of the human genome where the DNA can fold into unusual three-dimensional structures called G-quadruplexes (G4s) are located in regulatory sequences or other functional, but non-protein coding, regions of the genome, they are maintained by selection, are more common, and their unusual structures are more stable. Together, these lines of evidence suggest that G4 elements should be added to the list of functional elements of the genome.

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Drug relieves persistent daydreaming, fatigue, and brain sluggishness in adults with ADHD

Tests of a drug known to stimulate brain activity have shown early success in reducing symptoms of sluggish cognitive tempo in 38 men and women with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD.)

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'Unlocking' the potential of viruses to fight cancer

Researchers have elucidated the mechanism through which the H-1PV cancer-destroying virus can cause cell lysis and death. At the heart of this process lie laminins, and specifically laminin gamma 1, a family of proteins on the surface of a cancer cell to which this virus binds. The findings carry significant implications for the advancement of virus-based anticancer strategies and for the prediction of a patient's response to this innovative therapeutic approach.

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Reported cases of myocarditis in younger men following COVID-19 vaccination are rare

Researchers are taking a close look at rare cases of inflammation of the heart muscle, or myocarditis, in young men who developed symptoms shortly after receiving the second dose of the Moderna or Pfizer messenger RNA (mRNA) COVID-19 vaccines. Several recent studies suggest that health care professionals should watch for hypersensitivity myocarditis as a rare adverse reaction to being vaccinated for COVID-19. However, researchers stress that this awareness should not diminish overall confidence in vaccination during the current pandemic.

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How a COVID-19 infection changes blood cells in the long run

New research suggests that a coronavirus infection alters the biomechanical properties of red and white blood cells, in some cases for months -- a possible explanation for long COVID.

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Identifying a topological fingerprint

Australian theoretical physics study just out has identified a 'smoking gun' in long search for the topological magnetic monopole referred to as the Berry curvature. This breakthrough in search for topological effects in non-equilibrium systems opens paths towards low-energy topological electronics viable for large-scale, room-temperature operation.

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Parasites manipulate praying mantis's polarized-light perception, causing it to jump into water

Researchers have revealed that praying mantis (mantids) infected with parasitic hairworms are attracted to horizontally polarized light that is strongly reflected off the surface of water, which causes them to enter the water. These results demonstrate that parasites can manipulate the host's specific light perception system to their advantage, causing the host to behave in an abnormal manner.

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Diversity of tiny bobtail squid driven by ancient biogeographic events, finds new study

Researchers took a close look at bobtail and bottletail squids to establish their evolutionary relationships and the timing of the divergence of different species.

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Managing attention deficit disorder by training the brain

Scientists explored a technique called 'neurofeedback,' which enables ADHD patients to train their attention, based on instant feedback from the level of their brain activity. The team of neuroscientists found that not only did the training have a positive effect on patients' concentration abilities, but also that the attention improvement was closely linked to an enhanced response from the brain -- the P3 wave -- which is known to reflect integration of information in the brain.

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GluN3A knockout mouse: Alternative model for Alzheimer's neurodegeneration

GluN3A-deficient mice display all aspects of Alzheimer's neurodegeneration.

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New molecule found in chestnut leaves disarms dangerous staph bacteria

Scientists isolated a molecule, extracted from the leaves of the European chestnut tree, with the power to neutralize dangerous, drug-resistant staph bacteria.

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Using the ancient art of Kirigami to make an eyeball-like camera

Using Kirigami, the Japanese art of paper cutting, a mechanical engineer has developed a camera with a curvy, adaptable imaging sensor that could improve image quality in endoscopes, night-vision goggles, artificial compound eyes and fish-eye cameras.

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Mountaintop glacier ice disappearing in tropics around the world

Mountaintop glacier ice in the tropics of all four hemispheres covers significantly less area -- in one case as much as 93% less -- than it did just 50 years ago, a new study has found.

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New technique to treat middle ear infections

In a new study, researchers have designed a miniaturized 3D-printed device to inactivate Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a common bacterium that causes the infection.

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Most nitrogen in Gulf of Mexico comes from coastal waters

Almost all of the nitrogen that fertilizes life in the open ocean of the Gulf of Mexico is carried into the Gulf from shallower coastal areas, researchers found.

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New type of metasurface allows unprecedented laser control

Researchers have developed a single metasurface that can effectively tune the different properties of laser light, including wavelength, without the need of additional optical components. The metasurface can split light into multiple beams and control their shape and intensity in an independent, precise and power-efficient way.

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GluN3A knockout mouse: Alternative model for Alzheimer's neurodegeneration

GluN3A-deficient mice display all aspects of Alzheimer's neurodegeneration.

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Satellite unexpectedly detects a unique exoplanet

An exoplanet-hunting satellite has unexpectedly detected a third planet passing in front of its star while it was exploring two previously known planets around the same star. This transit, according to researchers, will reveal exciting details about a strange planet without a known equivalent.

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Plant physiology: A tale of three proteins

Biologists have shown that 'supervisor' and 'motivator' proteins are required to enable a third factor to perform its function in photosynthesis.

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Mangrove forest study has takeaways for coastal communities

A new article shines light on the effect human-made infrastructure and natural topography has on coastal wetlands after major storm events.

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DNA data and modelling reveal potential spread of invasive species

Scientists have found that a marine invasive species - a sea squirt that lives on rocky shores - could spread along 3,500 kilometers of South American coastline if climate change or human activities alter sea conditions.

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Unusual prey: Spiders eating snakes

There are spiders that eat snakes. Observations of snake-eating spiders have been reported around the world. Researchers consolidated and analyzed over 300 reports of this unusual predation strategy.

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Striking gold: Synthesizing green gold nanoparticles for cancer therapy with biomolecules

Scientists have designed an eco-friendly protocol for synthesizing gold nanoparticles with optimized morphology for near-infrared light absorption using a biomolecule called B3 peptide. They report the synthesis of triangular and circular gold nanoplates and their effectiveness in killing cancer cells by converting the absorbed light into heat, providing useful insights for the development of non-invasive cancer therapy.

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Deep machine learning completes information about the bioactivity of one million molecules

A newly developed tool predicts the biological activity of chemical compounds, key information to evaluate their therapeutic potential. Using artificial neural networks, scientists have inferred experimental data for a million compounds and have developed a package of programs to make estimates for any type of molecule.

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Blood stem cells make brain tumors more aggressive

Scientists have discovered stem cells of the hematopoietic system in glioblastomas, the most aggressive form of brain tumor. These hematopoietic stem cells promote division of the cancer cells and at the same time suppress the immune response against the tumor. This surprising discovery might open up new possibilities for developing more effective immunotherapies against these malignant brain tumors.

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Love: How the feeling of power determines happy relationships

Want to have a happy relationship? Make sure both partners feel they can decide on issues that are important to them. Objective power measured by income, for example, doesn't seem to play a big role, according to a new study. Instead, how lovers perceive power dynamics in their relationship is most important for relationship satisfaction.

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Striking gold: Synthesizing green gold nanoparticles for cancer therapy with biomolecules

Scientists have designed an eco-friendly protocol for synthesizing gold nanoparticles with optimized morphology for near-infrared light absorption using a biomolecule called B3 peptide. They report the synthesis of triangular and circular gold nanoplates and their effectiveness in killing cancer cells by converting the absorbed light into heat, providing useful insights for the development of non-invasive cancer therapy.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3he4iBv

Deep machine learning completes information about the bioactivity of one million molecules

A newly developed tool predicts the biological activity of chemical compounds, key information to evaluate their therapeutic potential. Using artificial neural networks, scientists have inferred experimental data for a million compounds and have developed a package of programs to make estimates for any type of molecule.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/35VvBv1

Blood stem cells make brain tumors more aggressive

Scientists have discovered stem cells of the hematopoietic system in glioblastomas, the most aggressive form of brain tumor. These hematopoietic stem cells promote division of the cancer cells and at the same time suppress the immune response against the tumor. This surprising discovery might open up new possibilities for developing more effective immunotherapies against these malignant brain tumors.

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Love: How the feeling of power determines happy relationships

Want to have a happy relationship? Make sure both partners feel they can decide on issues that are important to them. Objective power measured by income, for example, doesn't seem to play a big role, according to a new study. Instead, how lovers perceive power dynamics in their relationship is most important for relationship satisfaction.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3xZZ4jA

Fast IR imaging-based AI identifies tumor type in lung cancer

The prognosis and effective therapies differ based on the type of lung cancer. While it previously took several days to precisely determine the underlying mutation, a research team has been able to reliably perform this determination in just one step using a combination of quantum cascade laser-based infrared microscopy and artificial intelligence.

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New tools for pandemic prevention research: DNA sequencing from water and leeches

In new research, water from African and Mongolian waterholes as well as bloodmeals from Southeast Asian leeches were assessed for the ability to retrieve mammalian viruses without the need to find and catch the mammals. The scientists analyzed the samples using high-throughput sequencing to identify known viruses as well as viruses new to science.

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Saturated fatty acid levels increase when making memories

Saturated fatty acid levels unexpectedly rise in the brain during memory formation, according to new research.

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Data from boreholes in plate boundaries could explain slow earthquakes

Slow earthquakes are long-period earthquakes that are not so dangerous alone, but are able to trigger more destructive earthquakes. Their origins lie in tectonic plate boundaries where one plate subsides below another. Though the causal mechanism is already known, there has been a lack of data to accurately model the life cycle of slow earthquakes. For the first time, researchers use deep-sea boreholes to gauge pressures far below the seafloor.

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Advanced care: Smart wound dressings with built-in healing sensors

New type of multifunctional wound dressings feature glowing nanosensors to track and monitor for infection. Harnessing the antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory power of magnesium hydroxide, the smart dressings can also fight bacteria and reduce inflammation to help promote healing.

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A way to surmount supercooling

Researchers study the use of nanoparticles to induce crystallization of supercooled aqueous solutions to clathrate hydrates. On the basis of scanning electron microscopy images, they discovered that silver nanoparticles are much more effective compared with palladium or gold. This research may open the way for new latent heat energy storage materials via enhanced supercooling control.

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An atlas of the bumblebee brain

A three-dimensional atlas of the bumblebee brain is now available. It will allow to even better research how nerve cells are interconnected and how they process information.

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Males help keep populations genetically healthy

A few males are enough to fertilize all the females. The number of males therefore has little bearing on a population's growth. However, they are important for purging bad mutations from the population. This is shown by a new study providing in-depth knowledge of the possible long-term genetic consequences of sexual selection.

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Edible Cholera vaccine made of powdered rice proves safe in phase 1 human trials, study suggests

Vaccine manufacturing made enormous strides in 2020, but the complexity of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines has highlighted the value of inoculations that can be made cheaply and transported and stored without refrigeration. A new needle-free cholera vaccine has been made by grinding up genetically modified grains of rice and can be stored long-term at room temperature. This innovation has shown no obvious side effects and a good immune response in its Phase 1 clinical trial.

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Honey, we shrunk the intense XUV laser

An international team of researchers has demonstrated a new concept for the generation of intense extreme-ultraviolet (XUV) radiation by high-harmonic generation (HHG). Its advantage lies in the fact that its footprint is much smaller than currently existing intense XUV lasers. The new scheme is straightforward and could be implemented in many laboratories worldwide, which may boost the research field of ultrafast XUV science.

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Sunflower peptide as 'template' for potential analgesic

A naturally occurring peptide in sunflower seeds was synthetically optimized and has now been identified as a potential drug for treating abdominal pain or inflammation (in the gastrointestinal tract, abdominal area and/or internal organs).

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Scientists develop simple blood test for early detection of Alzheimer's disease

An international research team has developed a simple but robust blood test from Chinese patient data for early detection and screening of Alzheimer's disease (AD) with an accuracy level of over 96%.

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Saturated fatty acid levels increase when making memories

Saturated fatty acid levels unexpectedly rise in the brain during memory formation, according to new research.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3A5p8f5

Advanced care: Smart wound dressings with built-in healing sensors

New type of multifunctional wound dressings feature glowing nanosensors to track and monitor for infection. Harnessing the antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory power of magnesium hydroxide, the smart dressings can also fight bacteria and reduce inflammation to help promote healing.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3y0vwlV

New face mask prototype can detect COVID-19 infection

Engineers have designed a prototype face mask that can diagnose the person wearing the mask with Covid-19 within about 90 minutes. The technology can also be used to design wearable sensors for a variety of other pathogens or toxic chemicals.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3xYSwSg

Edible Cholera vaccine made of powdered rice proves safe in phase 1 human trials, study suggests

Vaccine manufacturing made enormous strides in 2020, but the complexity of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines has highlighted the value of inoculations that can be made cheaply and transported and stored without refrigeration. A new needle-free cholera vaccine has been made by grinding up genetically modified grains of rice and can be stored long-term at room temperature. This innovation has shown no obvious side effects and a good immune response in its Phase 1 clinical trial.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/2SDgeEM

The discovery of a new type of supernova illuminates a medieval mystery

Scientists have discovered the first convincing evidence for a new type of stellar explosion -- an electron-capture supernova. While they have been theorized for 40 years, real-world examples have been elusive. They are thought to arise from the explosions of massive super-asymptotic giant branch (SAGB) stars, for which there has also been scant evidence.

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New face mask prototype can detect COVID-19 infection

Engineers have designed a prototype face mask that can diagnose the person wearing the mask with Covid-19 within about 90 minutes. The technology can also be used to design wearable sensors for a variety of other pathogens or toxic chemicals.

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Paleonursery offers rare, detailed glimpse at life 518 million years ago

All life on Earth 500 million years ago lived in the oceans, but scientists know little about how these animals and algae developed. A newly discovered fossil deposit near Kunming, China, may hold the keys to understanding how these organisms laid the foundations for life on land and at sea today, according to an international team of researchers.

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Don't worry, birds won't become dependent on you feeding them, study suggests

Researchers have some good news for the well-meaning masses who place bird feeders in their yards: The small songbirds who visit the feeders seem unlikely to develop an unhealthy reliance on them.

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Test distinguishes SARS-CoV-2 from other coronaviruses with 100-percent accuracy

Researchers have demonstrated a tablet-sized device that can reliably detect multiple COVID-19 antibodies and biomarkers simultaneously. Initial results show the test can distinguish between antibodies produced in response to SARS-CoV-2 and four other coronaviruses with 100-percent accuracy. The researchers are now working to see if the easy-to-use, energy-independent, point-of-care device can be used to predict the severity of a COVID-19 infection or a person's immunity against variants of the virus.

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Test distinguishes SARS-CoV-2 from other coronaviruses with 100-percent accuracy

Researchers have demonstrated a tablet-sized device that can reliably detect multiple COVID-19 antibodies and biomarkers simultaneously. Initial results show the test can distinguish between antibodies produced in response to SARS-CoV-2 and four other coronaviruses with 100-percent accuracy. The researchers are now working to see if the easy-to-use, energy-independent, point-of-care device can be used to predict the severity of a COVID-19 infection or a person's immunity against variants of the virus.

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Elephants solve problems with personality

This study makes connections between two sources of individual variation, personality and cognition, in threatened species.

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Backscatter breakthrough runs near-zero-power IoT communicators at 5G speeds everywhere

Researchers have found a low-cost way for backscatter radios to support high-throughput communication and 5G-speed Gb/sec data transfer using only a single transistor when previously it required expensive and multiple stacked transistors.

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Researchers find the adhesions that build the brain's networks

Researchers have discovered a crucial protein involved in the communication and coordination between astrocytes as they build synapses in the brain. Lacking this molecule, called hepaCAM, astrocytes aren't as sticky as they should be, and tend to stick to themselves rather than forming connections with their fellow astrocytes.

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Potential new CAR-T cell therapy for multiple myeloma

Researchers are studying a potential new chimeric antigen receptor-T cell therapy (CAR-T cell therapy) treatment for multiple myeloma.

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Differences in human, mouse brain cells have important implications for disease research

A study comparing brain cells known as astrocytes in humans and mice found that mouse astrocytes are more resilient to oxidative stress, a damaging imbalance that is a mechanism behind many neurological disorders.

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Sleeper cells: Newly discovered stem cell resting phase could put brain tumors to sleep

Biomedical engineering researchers developed a new cell classifier tool that takes a higher-resolution look at the life cycle of neuroepithelial stem cells, which led to the discovery and exploration of a new resting phase called Neural G0. This knowledge could help scientists to better understand glioma brain tumors and develop new methods of treatment.

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Potential new CAR-T cell therapy for multiple myeloma

Researchers are studying a potential new chimeric antigen receptor-T cell therapy (CAR-T cell therapy) treatment for multiple myeloma.

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Differences in human, mouse brain cells have important implications for disease research

A study comparing brain cells known as astrocytes in humans and mice found that mouse astrocytes are more resilient to oxidative stress, a damaging imbalance that is a mechanism behind many neurological disorders.

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Sleeper cells: Newly discovered stem cell resting phase could put brain tumors to sleep

Biomedical engineering researchers developed a new cell classifier tool that takes a higher-resolution look at the life cycle of neuroepithelial stem cells, which led to the discovery and exploration of a new resting phase called Neural G0. This knowledge could help scientists to better understand glioma brain tumors and develop new methods of treatment.

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Optical tweezer technology tweaked to overcome dangers of heat

Researchers have created a new version of optical tweezer technology that fixes a heating problem, a development that could open the already highly regarded tools to new types of research and simplify processes for using them today.

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Unbroken: New soft electronics don't break, even when punctured

A team of researchers has created a new type of soft electronics, paving the way for devices that are self-healing, reconfigurable, and recyclable. These skin-like circuits are soft and stretchy, sustain numerous damage events under load without losing electrical conductivity, and can be recycled to generate new circuits at the end of a product's life.

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Scientists use NASA satellite data to track ocean microplastics from space

Scientists have developed an innovative way to use NASA satellite data to track the movement of tiny pieces of plastic in the ocean.

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More intense predation in the tropics can limit marine invasions

Marine biologists tested predictions about biological invasions, first in Panama and then in an experiment of unprecedented geographic scale.

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Engineered yeast could expand biofuels' reach

Researchers found a way to reduce cellulosic feedstocks' toxicity to yeast, making it feasible to use these abundant feedstocks to produce ethanol, biodiesel, or bioplastics.

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Nanotech OLED electrode liberates 20% more light, could slash display power consumption

A new electrode that could free up 20% more light from organic light-emitting diodes has been developed. It could help extend the battery life of smartphones and laptops, or make next-gen televisions and displays much more energy efficient.

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One 'ring' to rule them all: Curious interlocked molecules show dual response

Scientists design polymers infused with a stress-sensitive molecular unit that respond to external forces by switching on their fluorescence. The researchers demonstrate the fluorescence to be dependent on the magnitude of force and show that it is possible to detect both, reversible and irreversible polymer deformations, opening the door to the exploration of new force regimes in polymers.

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Having the same nurse for home health visits may prevent rehospitalization for people with dementia

People with dementia receiving home health care visits are less likely to be readmitted to the hospital when there is consistency in nursing staff, according to a new study.

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Having the same nurse for home health visits may prevent rehospitalization for people with dementia

People with dementia receiving home health care visits are less likely to be readmitted to the hospital when there is consistency in nursing staff, according to a new study.

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Gastrulation research reveals novel details about embryonic development

Scientists revise the current textbook knowledge about gastrulation, the formation of the basic body plan during embryonic development. Their study in mice has implications for cell replacement strategies and cancer research.

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Environmental impact of hydrofracking vs. conventional gas/oil drilling: Research shows the differences may be minimal

Researchers have developed a new machine learning technique to holistically assess water quality data in order to detect groundwater samples likely impacted by recent methane leakage during oil and gas production. Using that model, the team concluded that unconventional drilling methods like hydraulic fracturing do not necessarily incur more environmental problems than conventional oil and gas drilling.

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Leopard gecko skin tumors traced to cancer gene

In a rare gecko color variety known as Lemon Frost, scientists have traced an unusual coloring and tendency to form tumors to a gene linked to human melanoma.

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Scientists can predict and design single atom catalysts for important chemical reactions

Guided by quantum chemical calculations, scientists design and test a new single atom catalyst that converts propane to propylene with 100% efficiency, with little deactivation by coking. If adopted by industry, the catalyst could save billions of dollars and stop millions of tons of carbon dioxide being emitted into the atmosphere.

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Glial cells help mitigate neurological damage in Huntington's disease

Glia affected by Huntington's disease respond by tuning down synapse genes, which has a protective effect.

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Study confirms the low likelihood that SARS-CoV-2 on hospital surfaces is infectious

A new study confirms the low likelihood that coronavirus contamination on hospital surfaces is infectious. The study is the original report on recovering near-complete SARS-CoV-2 genome sequences directly from surface swabs.

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Leopard gecko skin tumors traced to cancer gene

In a rare gecko color variety known as Lemon Frost, scientists have traced an unusual coloring and tendency to form tumors to a gene linked to human melanoma.

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Glial cells help mitigate neurological damage in Huntington's disease

Glia affected by Huntington's disease respond by tuning down synapse genes, which has a protective effect.

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Membrane proteins of bacteria and humans show surprising similarities

The cells of simple organisms, such as bacteria, as well as human cells are surrounded by a membrane, which fulfills various tasks including protecting the cell from stress. Researchers have now discovered that a membrane protein found in bacteria has a similar structure and function as a group of proteins that are responsible for remodeling and rebuilding the cell membrane in humans. No connection between the two protein groups was known before.

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How neurons get past 'no'

A new study shows that inhibitory neurons do more than just inhibit neuron activity like an off-switch; paradoxically, they actually increase the amount of information transmitted through the nervous system.

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People with fibromyalgia are substituting CBD for opioids to manage pain

As the ravages of the opioid epidemic lead many to avoid these powerful painkillers, a significant number of people with fibromyalgia are finding an effective replacement in CBD-containing products, finds a new study.

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Potato and rice protein shakes may be a viable vegan alternative to whey protein shakes, research suggests

A new study found that plant-based protein shakes may be potential viable alternatives to milk-based whey protein shakes, particularly in people with need of careful monitoring of glucose levels.

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Study confirms the low likelihood that SARS-CoV-2 on hospital surfaces is infectious

A new study confirms the low likelihood that coronavirus contamination on hospital surfaces is infectious. The study is the original report on recovering near-complete SARS-CoV-2 genome sequences directly from surface swabs.

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COVID-linked multi-system inflammatory syndrome in children diagnosed more in Black and Latino children

Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) significantly affected more Black and Latino children than white children, with Black children at the highest risk, according to a new study. Researchers also found cardiac complications, including systolic myocardial dysfunction and valvular regurgitation, were more common in MIS-C patients who were critically ill.

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Ethane proxies for methane in oil and gas emissions

Measuring ethane in the atmosphere shows that the amounts of methane going into the atmosphere from oil and gas wells and contributing to greenhouse warming is higher than suggested by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, according to an international team of scientists who spent three years flying over three areas of the U.S. during all four seasons.

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Membrane proteins of bacteria and humans show surprising similarities

The cells of simple organisms, such as bacteria, as well as human cells are surrounded by a membrane, which fulfills various tasks including protecting the cell from stress. Researchers have now discovered that a membrane protein found in bacteria has a similar structure and function as a group of proteins that are responsible for remodeling and rebuilding the cell membrane in humans. No connection between the two protein groups was known before.

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Are zebra mussels eating or helping toxic algae?

While invasive zebra mussels consume small plant-like organisms called phytoplankton, researchers discovered during a long-term study that zebra mussels can actually increase Microcystis, a type of phytoplankton known as 'blue-green algae' or cyanobacteria, that forms harmful floating blooms.

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Natural history and conservation importance of Chinese mountain cat

In a large study of Chinese cats, genetic detectives highlight the evolutionary uniqueness and premier conservation importance of the elusive Chinese mountain cat (Felis silvestris bieti), found only in the Tibetan plateau of China.

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A 'tasty' protein may lead to new ways to treat metabolic and immune diseases

The same taste-sensing molecule that helps you enjoy a meal from your favorite restaurant may one day lead to improved ways to treat diabetes and other metabolic and immune diseases. TRPM5 is a specialized protein that is concentrated in the taste buds, where it helps relay messages to and from cells. It has long been of interest to researchers due to its roles in taste perception and blood sugar regulation.

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New CRISPR 3.0 system for highly efficient gene activation in plants

Biologists have introduced a new and improved CRISPR 3.0 system in plants, focusing on gene activation. This third generation system focuses on multiplexed gene activation that can boost the function of multiple genes simultaneously. This system boasts four to six times the activation capacity of current state-of-the-art CRISPR technology, demonstrating high accuracy and efficiency in up to seven genes at once.

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How neurons get past 'no'

A new study shows that inhibitory neurons do more than just inhibit neuron activity like an off-switch; paradoxically, they actually increase the amount of information transmitted through the nervous system.

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People with fibromyalgia are substituting CBD for opioids to manage pain

As the ravages of the opioid epidemic lead many to avoid these powerful painkillers, a significant number of people with fibromyalgia are finding an effective replacement in CBD-containing products, finds a new study.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3gW1Kcj

COVID-linked multi-system inflammatory syndrome in children diagnosed more in Black and Latino children

Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) significantly affected more Black and Latino children than white children, with Black children at the highest risk, according to a new study. Researchers also found cardiac complications, including systolic myocardial dysfunction and valvular regurgitation, were more common in MIS-C patients who were critically ill.

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Immunologists discover new trick used by MRSA superbug -- may aid vaccine development

New research has uncovered a novel trick employed by the bacterium Staphylococcus aureus to thwart the immune response, raising hopes that a vaccine that prevents deadly MRSA infections is a little closer on the horizon.

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Predicting tooth loss

New research suggests that machine learning tools can help identify those at greatest risk for tooth loss and refer them for further dental assessment in an effort to ensure early interventions to avert or delay the condition.

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Chemicals from human activities in transplanted oysters far from population centers

Wastewater treatment facilities clean the water that goes down our sinks and flushes our toilets, but they do not remove everything. A recent study detected low levels of pharmaceuticals and personal care product chemicals in oysters the team deployed at various distances from wastewater effluent pipes along the Oregon and Washington coast.

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Marmoset study identifies brain region linking actions to their outcomes

The 'anterior cingulate cortex' is key brain region involved in linking behaviors to their outcomes. When this region was temporarily silenced, monkeys did not change behavior even when it stopped having the expected outcome. The finding is a step towards targeted treatment of human disorders involving compulsive behavior, such as OCD and eating disorders, thought to involve impaired function in this brain region.

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Nanotech and AI could hold key to unlocking global food security challenge

'Precision agriculture' where farmers respond in real time to changes in crop growth using nanotechnology and artificial intelligence (AI) could offer a practical solution to the challenges threatening global food security, a new study reveals.

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Water vole genome will help boost conservation of one of UK's most endangered mammals

A new tool to help conserve one of the UK's most threatened mammals has been released today, with the publication of the first high-quality reference genome for the European water vole.

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Protocells spring into action

Scientists with an interest in protoliving technologies, have published research which paves the way to building new semi-autonomous devices with potential applications in miniaturized soft robotics, microscale sensing and bioengineering.

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Throwing shade: Measuring how much trees, buildings cool cities

When the summer sun blazes on a hot city street, our first reaction is to flee to a shady spot protected by a building or tree. A new study is the first to calculate exactly how much these shaded areas help lower the temperature and reduce the 'urban heat island' effect.

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Common plant fiber gel doubled rate of tumor eradication

Many people don't realize that the trillions of bacteria, viruses, and fungi residing within the gastrointestinal tract --collectively called the gut microbiome -- are connected to overall health, and specifically to cancer.

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Streptococcus pneumoniae sticks to dying lung cells, worsening secondary infection following flu

Researchers have found a further reason for the severity of dual infection by influenza and Streptococcus pneumonia -- a new virulence mechanism for a surface protein on the pneumonia-causing bacteria S. pneumoniae. This insight comes 30 years after discovery of that surface protein, called pneumococcal surface protein A. This mechanism had been missed in the past because it facilitates bacterial adherence only to dying lung epithelial cells, not to living cells.

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Scientists may need to rethink which genes control aging, study suggests

Researchers fed fruit flies antibiotics and monitored the lifetime activity of hundreds of genes that scientists have traditionally thought control aging. To their surprise, the antibiotics not only extended the lives of the flies but also dramatically changed the activity of many of these genes. Their results suggested that only about 30% of the genes traditionally associated with aging set an animal's internal clock while the rest reflect the body's response to bacteria.

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Non-invasive potential treatment for Alzheimer's disease

Ultrasound can overcome some of the detrimental effects of ageing and dementia without the need to cross the blood-brain barrier, researchers have found.

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Common plant fiber gel doubled rate of tumor eradication

Many people don't realize that the trillions of bacteria, viruses, and fungi residing within the gastrointestinal tract --collectively called the gut microbiome -- are connected to overall health, and specifically to cancer.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/35PyxcJ

Streptococcus pneumoniae sticks to dying lung cells, worsening secondary infection following flu

Researchers have found a further reason for the severity of dual infection by influenza and Streptococcus pneumonia -- a new virulence mechanism for a surface protein on the pneumonia-causing bacteria S. pneumoniae. This insight comes 30 years after discovery of that surface protein, called pneumococcal surface protein A. This mechanism had been missed in the past because it facilitates bacterial adherence only to dying lung epithelial cells, not to living cells.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3zSqZDQ

Scientists may need to rethink which genes control aging, study suggests

Researchers fed fruit flies antibiotics and monitored the lifetime activity of hundreds of genes that scientists have traditionally thought control aging. To their surprise, the antibiotics not only extended the lives of the flies but also dramatically changed the activity of many of these genes. Their results suggested that only about 30% of the genes traditionally associated with aging set an animal's internal clock while the rest reflect the body's response to bacteria.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3xKhh4u

Non-invasive potential treatment for Alzheimer's disease

Ultrasound can overcome some of the detrimental effects of ageing and dementia without the need to cross the blood-brain barrier, researchers have found.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3zTFWFN

A new type of Homo unknown to science

The bones of an early human, unknown to science, who lived in the Levant at least until 130,000 years ago, were discovered in excavations at the Nesher Ramla site, near the city of Ramla. Recognizing similarity to other archaic Homo specimens from 400,000 years ago, found in Israel and Eurasia, the researchers reached the conclusion that the Nesher Ramla fossils represent a unique Middle Pleistocene population, now identified for the first time.

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Preventing the break-in of the toxoplasmosis parasite

Toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular parasite which, to survive, must absolutely penetrate its host's cells. Understanding how the parasite manages to enter host cells offers opportunities to develop more prevention. A team has now identified the key role of RON13, which is essential for the invasion process. The three-dimensional structure and the site of action of this enzyme are atypical, thus offering the possibility of designing specific inhibitors to stop the infection.

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Plant Protector: How plants strengthen their light-harvesting membranes against environmental stress

An international study has revealed the structure of a membrane-remodeling protein that builds and maintains photosynthetic membranes. These fundamental insights lay the groundwork for bioengineering efforts to strengthen plants against environmental stress, helping to sustaining human food supply and fight against climate change.

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Children's beat gestures predict the subsequent development of their oral skills

New research shows that the early production of beat gestures with the hands (i.e., gestures normally associated with emphasis that do not represent the semantic content of speech) by infants between 14 and 58 months of age in natural interactions with their carers predicts that in their later development, nearing the age of five, these children obtain better results insofar as their oral narrative skills.

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Cyclone study improves climate projections

Migrating storms and local weather systems known as cyclones and anticyclones were thought to contribute to behaviors and properties of our global weather system. However, the means to probe cyclones and anticyclones were limited. Researchers demonstrated a new three-dimensional analytical methodology that can quantify the way individual cyclones and anticyclones impact broader weather systems. This study aids longer-term circulation and climate studies, including how storm characteristics may change in the future.

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Preventing the break-in of the toxoplasmosis parasite

Toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular parasite which, to survive, must absolutely penetrate its host's cells. Understanding how the parasite manages to enter host cells offers opportunities to develop more prevention. A team has now identified the key role of RON13, which is essential for the invasion process. The three-dimensional structure and the site of action of this enzyme are atypical, thus offering the possibility of designing specific inhibitors to stop the infection.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3gXANno

Children's beat gestures predict the subsequent development of their oral skills

New research shows that the early production of beat gestures with the hands (i.e., gestures normally associated with emphasis that do not represent the semantic content of speech) by infants between 14 and 58 months of age in natural interactions with their carers predicts that in their later development, nearing the age of five, these children obtain better results insofar as their oral narrative skills.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3wWq8A2

Cat-borne parasite Toxoplasma induces fatally bold behavior in hyena cubs

Best known for its presence in house cats and a tendency to infect and alter the behaviors of rodents and humans, the parasite Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) is also associated with bold behavior among wild hyena cubs and risk of death during interactions with lions, finds new research.

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East Antarctic summer cooling trends caused by tropical rainfall clusters

A study uncovers a new mechanism linking climate trend in Antarctica to rainfall occurrences in the tropics.

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'Multi-kingdom dialogue' between internal, external microbiota

Scientists have identified an internal communication network in mammals that may regulate tissue repair and inflammation, providing new insights on how diseases such as obesity and inflammatory skin disorders develop.

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Dieting and its effect on the gut microbiome

Researchers were able to show for the first time that a very low calorie diet significantly alters the composition of the microbiota present in the human gut. The researchers report that dieting results in an increase of specific bacteria - notably Clostridioides difficile, which is associated with antibiotic-induced diarrhea and colitis.

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New algorithm helps autonomous vehicles find themselves, summer or winter

An algorithm lets machines teach themselves how to recognize landscapes, even amid the changing seasons.

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Harvesting drinking water from humid air around the clock

Researchers have developed a condenser for countries where water is in short supply. Theirs is a zero-energy solution for harvesting water from the atmosphere throughout the 24-hour daily cycle. It relies on a self-cooling surface and a special radiation shield.

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Western high-fat diet can cause chronic pain, according to new study

A typical Western high-fat diet can increase the risk of painful disorders common in people with conditions such as diabetes or obesity, according to a new study.

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Rare genetic defect replicated in fish model

A rare genetic defect that affects the so-called ALG2 gene can cause serious metabolic diseases in humans. Until now, its rareness and complexity made it difficult to study this congenital glycosylation disorder. A research team has finally succeeded in introducing the underlying mutation in the ALG2 gene in a fish model, allowing the causes of these complex diseases to be studied at the molecular level.

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Machine learning aids earthquake risk prediction

Soil liquefaction was a major feature of the 2011 Christchurch, New Zealand earthquake that killed 185 people. Researchers developed a machine learning model to predict the amount of lateral movement that can be expected from liquefaction during a natural hazard event. Their model, trained on Christchurch data, was 70% accurate at determining the amount of displacement that occurred.

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Magneto-thermal imaging brings synchrotron capabilities to the lab

Coming soon to a lab tabletop near you: a method of magneto-thermal imaging that offers nanoscale and picosecond resolution previously available only in synchrotron facilities.

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Higher selenium and manganese levels during pregnancy may protect babies from future high blood pressure

Children who were exposed to higher levels of trace minerals manganese and selenium during their mothers' pregnancy had a lower risk of high blood pressure in childhood, according to a new study.

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New research reveals remarkable resilience of sea life in the aftermath of mass extinctions

Pioneering research has shown marine ecosystems can start working again, providing important functions for humans, after being wiped out much sooner than their return to peak biodiversity.

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Exoplanets in 2,034 star-systems get cosmic front-row seat to see Earth

Scientists at Cornell University and the American Museum of Natural History have identified 2,034 nearby star-systems - within the small cosmic distance of 326 light-years - that could find Earth merely by watching our pale blue dot cross our sun.

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Low-cost imaging technique shows how smartphone batteries could charge in minutes

Researchers have developed a simple lab-based technique that allows them to look inside lithium-ion batteries and follow lithium ions moving in real time as the batteries charge and discharge, something which has not been possible until now.

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AI spots healthy stem cells quickly and accurately

Researchers have designed a deep learning-based system that accurately identifies individual skin stem cells grown under artificial conditions and tracks their motion. Using this system to perform quality control of stem cell cultures could improve the speed and efficiency of growing skin grafts for use in regenerative medicine and may also be useful for other types of stem cell cultures.

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The origins of farming insects more than 100 million years ago

A beetle bores a tree trunk to build a gallery in the wood in order to protect its lay. As it digs the tunnel, it spreads ambrosia fungal spores that will feed the larvae. When these bore another tree, the adult beetles will be the transmission vectors of the fungal spores in another habitat. This mutualism among insects and ambrosia fungi could be more than 100 years old, more than what was thought to date.

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Sneeze cam reveals best fabric combos for cloth masks

Researchers have used high-speed videos of a person sneezing to identify the optimal cloth mask design.

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Milk protein could help boost blueberries' healthfulness

Pairing blueberry pie with a scoop of ice cream is a nice summer treat. Aside from being tasty, this combination might also help people take up more of the 'superfruit's' nutrients, such as anthocyanins. Researchers show that a protein found in cow's milk helped rats absorb more blueberry anthocyanins and their byproducts, boosting accessibility to these good-for-you nutrients.

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Seeking a treatment for IBS pain in tarantula venom

For patients who have inflammatory bowel syndrome (IBS), the condition is literally a pain in the gut. Chronic -- or long-term -- abdominal pain is common, and there are currently no effective treatment options for this debilitating symptom. In a new study, researchers identify a new potential source of relief: a molecule derived from spider venom. In experiments with mice, they found that one dose could stop symptoms associated with IBS pain.

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Half of young adults with COVID-19 have persistent symptoms 6 months after, study finds

A new paper describes persistent symptoms six months after acute COVID-19, even in young home isolated people. The most common symptoms were loss of smell and/or taste, fatigue, shortness of breath, impaired concentration, and memory problems.

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AI to track cognitive deviation in aging brains

Researchers have developed an artificial intelligence-based brain age prediction model to quantify deviations from a healthy brain-aging trajectory in patients with mild cognitive impairment, according to a new study. The model has the potential to aid in early detection of cognitive impairment at an individual level.

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Protein linked to heart health, disease a potential therapeutic target for dementia

Researchers have found that high levels of a normal protein associated with reduced heart disease also protect against Alzheimer's-like damage in mice, opening up new approaches to slowing or stopping brain damage and cognitive decline in people with Alzheimer's.

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Language trade-off? No, bilingual children reliably acquire English by age 5

A new study in U.S.-born children from Spanish-speaking families finds that minority language exposure does not threaten the acquisition of English by children in the U.S. and that there is no trade-off between English and Spanish. Rather, children reliably acquire English by age 5, and their total language knowledge is greater to the degree that they also acquire Spanish. Children's level of English knowledge was independent of their level of Spanish knowledge.

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Crab species found to have asymmetrical male and female reproductive structures

Researchers have recently identified and described a new genus and species of xanthid crab found in Okinawa Island, Ryukyu Islands, Japan. Named Mabui calculus, it is the first among the 7,800 species of known crabs to have strongly asymmetrical male and female reproductive structures.

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Inherited risk of early-onset cancer is higher among minority families

A new study shows inherited risk of early-onset cancer is significantly higher among Latino and African American families for solid tumors, and Asian/Pacific Islander families for blood-based cancers, compared to non-Latino white families in California. Researchers used California population-based health registries to evaluate the relative cancer risk among first-degree relatives of patients diagnosed with cancer by the age of 26. This study demonstrates the need for increased scrutiny on familial cancer clustering in minority populations.

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Boost for mouse genetic analysis

To understand what role an individual gene plays, biologists have, for 100 years, been using a trick of nature: While in principle, the genome in all cells of an organism is the same, mutations arise in individual cells. These mutations differentiate a cell from its neighbors, forming a 'genetic mosaic.' Now, researchers have advanced genetic mosaic analysis, making almost all genes in the mouse genome accessible to single-cell genetic mosaic analysis.

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Sports: Men and women react differently to a missing audience

Without an audience, men run slower and women faster: The lack of spectators during the coronavirus pandemic appears to have had a noticeable effect on the performance of athletes at the 2020 Biathlon World Cup, a new study shows. According to the new analysis, women also performed better in complex tasks, such as shooting, when an audience was present while men did not.

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Secretin hormone induces satiation by activating brown fat

Researchers have discovered a new mechanism controlling satiation. According to the recently published study, the hormone secretin induces satiation by activating brown adipose tissue.

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AR can improve the lives of older adults, so why are apps designed mainly for youngsters?

Older people affected by memory loss have much to gain from AR technology, yet a study exploring the use of augmented reality to support older adults at home finds the user interface is sometimes confusing for those aged 50+.

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Childhood trauma can make people like morphine more

People who have experienced childhood trauma get a more pleasurable 'high' from morphine, new research suggests.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3xGZLhr

Open learning spaces do not increase children's physical activity

According to a recent study, open learning spaces are not directly associated with the physical activity of students in grades 3 and 5, even though more breaks from sedentary time were observed in open learning spaces compared to conventional classrooms.

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Mushroom growing out of fossilized ant reveals new genus and species of fungal parasite

Oregon State University research has identified the oldest known specimen of a fungus parasitizing an ant, and the fossil also represents a new fungal genus and species.

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Cohesin opens up for cell division

Scientists have uncovered a mechanism that allows a protein complex to bind to DNA without impeding some of the important processes of cell division. Their findings could further understandings of developmental disorders arising from mutations in the gene that codes for the complex.

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Boost for mouse genetic analysis

To understand what role an individual gene plays, biologists have, for 100 years, been using a trick of nature: While in principle, the genome in all cells of an organism is the same, mutations arise in individual cells. These mutations differentiate a cell from its neighbors, forming a 'genetic mosaic.' Now, researchers have advanced genetic mosaic analysis, making almost all genes in the mouse genome accessible to single-cell genetic mosaic analysis.

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Illuminating the mechanism behind how plants regulate starch synthesis

Biologists have used rice to successfully illuminate the mechanism by which plants regulate the amount of starch produced via photosynthesis. This knowledge could contribute towards improving the quality and yield of agricultural crops.

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Sports: Men and women react differently to a missing audience

Without an audience, men run slower and women faster: The lack of spectators during the coronavirus pandemic appears to have had a noticeable effect on the performance of athletes at the 2020 Biathlon World Cup, a new study shows. According to the new analysis, women also performed better in complex tasks, such as shooting, when an audience was present while men did not.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3xHd5T9

Secretin hormone induces satiation by activating brown fat

Researchers have discovered a new mechanism controlling satiation. According to the recently published study, the hormone secretin induces satiation by activating brown adipose tissue.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3xK6yaa

Perovskite memory devices with ultra-fast switching speed

A research team has successfully developed halide perovskite-based memory with an ultra-fast switching speed.

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AR can improve the lives of older adults, so why are apps designed mainly for youngsters?

Older people affected by memory loss have much to gain from AR technology, yet a study exploring the use of augmented reality to support older adults at home finds the user interface is sometimes confusing for those aged 50+.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3qgOL8h

Producing hydrogen using less energy

The way in which a compound inspired by nature produces hydrogen has now been described in detail. These findings are the foundation for the energy-efficient production of hydrogen as a sustainable energy source.

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Childhood trauma can make people like morphine more

People who have experienced childhood trauma get a more pleasurable 'high' from morphine, new research suggests.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3xGZLhr

Improving asphalt road pavement with nano-engineered particles

New research suggests fumed silica nanoparticles (FSNs) can be used to help improve the performance of warm mix asphalt (WMA).

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The humidity of flowers acts as an invisible attractor for bumblebees

As well as bright colors and subtle scents, flowers possess many invisible ways of attracting their pollinators, and a new study shows that bumblebees may use the humidity of a flower to tell them about the presence of nectar.

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Open learning spaces do not increase children's physical activity

According to a recent study, open learning spaces are not directly associated with the physical activity of students in grades 3 and 5, even though more breaks from sedentary time were observed in open learning spaces compared to conventional classrooms.

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Venomous caterpillar has strange biology

The venom of a caterpillar, native to South East Queensland, shows promise for use in medicines and pest control, researchers say.

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Study shows brain differences in interpreting physical signals in mental health disorders

Researchers have shown why people with mental health disorders, including anorexia and panic disorders, experience physical signals differently.

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Scientists reveal silver-based antimicrobials can be utilized as antibiotic adjuvants to combat antibiotic-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

A research team discovers that silver (Ag)-based antimicrobials can effectively combat antibiotic resistant Staphylococcus aureus by targeting multiple biological pathways via functional disruption of key proteins and can be further exploited to enhance the efficacy of conventional antibiotics as well as to resensitize methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) to antibiotics.

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Researchers trace dust grain's journey through newborn solar system

Combining atomic-scale sample analysis and models simulating likely conditions in the nascent solar system, the study revealed clues about the origin of crystals that formed more than 4.5 billion years ago. The findings provide insights into the fundamental processes underlying the formation of planetary systems, many of which are still shrouded in mystery.

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COVID-19 dual-antibody therapies effective against variants in animal study

A new study suggests that many, but not all, COVID-19 therapies made from combinations of two antibodies are effective against a wide range of virus variants. Further, combination therapies appear to prevent the emergence of drug resistance.

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SARS-CoV-2 infections may trigger antibody responses against multiple virus proteins

All coronaviruses produce four primary structural proteins and multiple nonstructural proteins. However, the majority of antibody-based SARS-CoV-2 research has focused on the spike and nucleocapsid proteins. A new study suggests that immune responses may develop against other proteins produced by the SARS-CoV-2 virus.

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Gene profile in blood predicts risk of poor outcomes, death for patients with COVID-19

A previously validated blood gene profile that predicts idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis mortality was repurposed to assess the likelihood of COVID-19 survival, a new study reports,

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Antibody disease enhancement of COVID-19 does not appear to occur in animal models

Researchers have demonstrated in mice and monkeys that human antibodies lacked the ability to make SARS-CoV-2 infection worse and, instead, exerted their defensive powers against the infection. The findings help reinforce evidence that antibodies are safe when given as treatments or induced by COVID-19 vaccines.

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Scientists develop energy saving technique paving way for a carbon neutral society

Researchers have discovered a method which will allow for faster communication systems and better energy saving electronics.

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Projections of US high-tide flooding show rapid increases and extreme months

In the mid-2030s, multiple United States coastal regions may see rapid increases in the number of high-tide flooding (HTF) days, according to a new study. The combined effects of sea-level rise and natural fluctuations in tidal range are anticipated to cause tipping points in the frequency of HTF.

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New research finds link between walking speed and dual tasking after stroke

Research has found that training stroke survivors to walk at a faster speed during recovery can help improve the brain function that enables people to walk and perform another task simultaneously, known as dual-task walking.

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Targeted therapy could be first line treatment for childhood cancer

Scientists studying a common childhood cancer have made a major breakthrough which could lead to a cure for some youngsters who would not have survived the condition.

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Adjuvant-free avian influenza vaccines in the works

Researchers develop a new avian influenza vaccine using plant-based recombinant protein.

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Microscopy deep learning predicts viral infections

When viruses infect cells, changes in the cell nucleus occur, and these can be observed through fluorescence microscopy. Using fluorescence images from live cells, researchers have trained an artificial neural network to reliably recognize cells that are infected by adenoviruses or herpes viruses. The procedure also identifies severe acute infections at an early stage.

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Summer catch-up programs need to focus on teens' wellbeing, not just academic progress

Summer holiday school catch-up programs to address gaps in knowledge after school closures need to support children who are still struggling due to social isolation.

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Cellular mechanisms of early mammary gland development unraveled

A research group used live tissue imaging for the first time to visualize the emergence of the mammary gland.

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Twenty-year study links childhood depression to disrupted adult health and functioning

Depression in youth, between the ages of 10 and 24 years, is both a leading cause of stress and a possible risk factor for future diseases and impairment. Now, a study confirms that depression in childhood or adolescence is associated with higher levels of adult anxiety and substance use disorders, worse health and social functioning, less financial and educational achievement, and increased criminality.

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Scientists reveal silver-based antimicrobials can be utilized as antibiotic adjuvants to combat antibiotic-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

A research team discovers that silver (Ag)-based antimicrobials can effectively combat antibiotic resistant Staphylococcus aureus by targeting multiple biological pathways via functional disruption of key proteins and can be further exploited to enhance the efficacy of conventional antibiotics as well as to resensitize methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) to antibiotics.

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'Pack ice' tectonics reveal Venus' geological secrets

A new analysis of Venus' surface shows evidence of tectonic motion in the form of crustal blocks that have jostled against each other like broken chunks of pack ice.

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There's more to genes than DNA: How Mum and Dad add something extra, just for you

Biologists have discovered 71 new 'imprinted' genes in the mouse genome, a finding that takes them a step closer to unravelling some of the mysteries of epigenetics - an area of science that describes how genes are switched on (and off) in different cells, at different stages in development and adulthood.

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Computers help researchers find materials to turn solar power into hydrogen

Researchers report that they have taken a step toward overcoming the challenge of inexpensive hydrogen production by using supercomputers to find materials that could help accelerate hydrogen separation when water is exposed to light, a process called photocatalysis.

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Engineers create 'seeds' for growing near-perfect 2D perovskite crystals

Engineers have created microscopic seeds for growing remarkably uniform 2D perovskite crystals that are both stable and highly efficient at harvesting electricity from sunlight.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3qhkN3G

There's more to genes than DNA: How Mum and Dad add something extra, just for you

Biologists have discovered 71 new 'imprinted' genes in the mouse genome, a finding that takes them a step closer to unravelling some of the mysteries of epigenetics - an area of science that describes how genes are switched on (and off) in different cells, at different stages in development and adulthood.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3d2mDjA

New modeling technique shows greater likelihood, frequency of urban extreme heat events

This model addresses the fact that most traditional climate models effectively ignore cities entirely, causing them to underestimate the frequency and severity of urban heat waves. Urban areas make up only 2-3% of the earth's land, so their effect on global models is negligible, but more than half of the world's population lives in urban areas, so their impact is significant.

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A bright future: Using visible light to decompose CO2 with high efficiency

To tackle the challenge of global warming, scientists have been looking into green and sustainable methods of breaking down carbon dioxide in emissions and in the atmosphere. Now, a group of researchers have developed a novel, easy to synthesize composite compound that enables the efficient use of solar energy to reduce carbon dioxide, taking us one step closer to achieving a green economy.

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A tiny device incorporates a compound made from starch and baking soda to harvest energy from movement

Scientists have used a compound made from a starch derivative and baking soda to help convert mechanical to electrical energy. The approach is cost-effective and biocompatible, and can help charge low-energy electronics like calculators and watches.

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Some blood pressure-lowering meds linked to less memory decline in older adults, study finds

High blood pressure is a risk factor for cognitive decline and dementia in older adults. Studies have shown that commonly prescribed high blood pressure medications, or antihypertensives, may have a positive, beneficial impact on cognitive function including memory. This meta-analysis compares the impact on memory over time associated with taking antihypertensives that cross the blood-brain barrier versus those that do not.

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Researchers explore microbial ecosystem in search of drugs to fight SARS-CoV-2

Researchers have found that certain commensal bacteria that reside in the human intestine produce compounds that inhibit SARS-CoV-2.

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Study evaluates potential causes of increased transmission in SARS-CoV-2 variants

Although two SARS-CoV-2 variants are associated with higher transmission, patients with these variants show no evidence of higher viral loads in their upper respiratory tracts compared to the control group, a new study found.

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Some blood pressure-lowering meds linked to less memory decline in older adults, study finds

High blood pressure is a risk factor for cognitive decline and dementia in older adults. Studies have shown that commonly prescribed high blood pressure medications, or antihypertensives, may have a positive, beneficial impact on cognitive function including memory. This meta-analysis compares the impact on memory over time associated with taking antihypertensives that cross the blood-brain barrier versus those that do not.

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Researchers explore microbial ecosystem in search of drugs to fight SARS-CoV-2

Researchers have found that certain commensal bacteria that reside in the human intestine produce compounds that inhibit SARS-CoV-2.

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Study evaluates potential causes of increased transmission in SARS-CoV-2 variants

Although two SARS-CoV-2 variants are associated with higher transmission, patients with these variants show no evidence of higher viral loads in their upper respiratory tracts compared to the control group, a new study found.

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Ancient bones provide clues about Kangaroo Island's past and future

A study of ancient bones on South Australia's Kangaroo Island has provided new information about the Island's past fauna and an insight into how species may live there in the future.

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New geochemical study confirms cause of end-Permian mass extinction event

Researchers found a direct link between global dispersion of nickel-rich aerosols, ocean chemistry changes and the end-Permian mass extinction event that took place 251 million years ago.

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mRNA vaccine yields full protection against malaria in mice

Scientists developed an mRNA vaccine that protects against malaria in animal models. Malaria remains a large public health and economic burden worldwide as well as a danger to deployed Service Members. This vaccine uses mRNA accompanied by a lipid nanoparticle to prompt cells to code for circumsporozoite protein, which then triggers an immune response against malaria. The vaccine achieved high levels of protection in mice, encouraging further development for the novel platform.

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Smaller bodies, longer wings, earlier migrations: Untangling the multiple impacts of climate warming

When a research team reported last year that North American migratory birds have been getting smaller over the past four decades and that their wings have gotten a bit longer, the scientists wondered if they were seeing the fingerprint of earlier spring migrations.

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New software for designing sustainable cities

By 2050, more than 70% of the world's population will live in cities. Researchers have developed software that shows city planners where to invest in nature to improve people's lives and save billions of dollars.

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New therapeutic target for C. difficile infection

A new study paves the way for the development of next generation therapeutics for the prevention and treatment of Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI), the most frequent cause of healthcare-acquired gastrointestinal infections and death in developed countries.

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Researchers review data on reputed toxins thought to cause neurodegeneration

Biologists and neuroscientists have published an update on the reputed environmental toxins that have been suspected of being involved in mammal neurodegeneration.

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Imaging at the tip of a needle

Scientists have developed a new technique that could revolutionize medical imaging procedures using light.

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New evidence to battle drug price increases

Two recent studies add new evidence to the impact of how drug price increases affect US patients and the overall cost of health care.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3gGngSl

Use rewards effectively to boost creativity

To boost employees' creativity, managers should consider offering a set of rewards for them to choose from, according to a new study.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3zE8hjf

Will reduction in tau protein protect against Parkinson's and Lewy body dementias?

Will a reduction in tau protein in brain neurons protect against Parkinson's disease and Lewy body dementias? A new study suggests the answer is no. If this is borne out, that result differs from Alzheimer's disease, where reducing endogenous tau levels in brain neurons is protective for multiple models of the disease -- and thus suggests that the role of tau in the pathogenesis of Lewy body dementias is distinct from Alzheimer's disease.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3xAknrE

Bio-inspired hydrogel protects the heart from post-op adhesions

A hydrogel that forms a barrier to keep heart tissue from adhering to surrounding tissue after surgery was developed and successfully tested in rodents. The team of engineers, scientists and physicians also conducted a pilot study on porcine hearts, with promising results.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3gEsGgw

Researchers review data on reputed toxins thought to cause neurodegeneration

Biologists and neuroscientists have published an update on the reputed environmental toxins that have been suspected of being involved in mammal neurodegeneration.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3qdgdnq

Earlier flood forecasting could help avoid disaster in Japan

Researchers have revealed that a newly developed forecasting system can accurately predict flood locations 32 hours in advance. Extreme rainfall events are occurring increasingly frequently; such accurate and timely flood warnings will help to minimize their impact by providing time for measures to protect people and property.

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Dragonflies: Species losses and gains in Germany

Over the past 35 years, there have been large shifts in the distributions of many dragonfly species in Germany. Those of standing water habitats have declined, probably due to loss of habitat. Running-water species and warm-adapted species have benefited from improved water quality and warmer temperatures. The study highlights the importance of citizen science and natural history societies for long-term data collection.

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Atomic-scale tailoring of graphene approaches macroscopic world

Properties of materials are often defined by imperfections in their atomic structure, especially when the material itself is just one atom thick, such as graphene. Researchers have now developed a method for controlled creation of such imperfections into graphene at length scales approaching the macroscopic world. These results, confirmed by atomically resolved microscope images, serve as an essential starting point both for tailoring graphene for applications and for the development of new materials.

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Phytoplankton: The discovery of a missing link

Biologists have identified a family of algae as a living missing link in the microscopic domain.

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Climate warming can influence fungal communities on oak leaves across the growing season

Climate warming plays a larger role than plant genes in influencing the number and identity of fungal species on oak leaves, especially in autumn. This research by ecologists sheds light on how warming and tree genes affect the dynamics of fungal communities across the season.

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Imaging at the tip of a needle

Scientists have developed a new technique that could revolutionize medical imaging procedures using light.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3cWEVD4

New cause for intensification of oyster disease

Researchers reveal that intensification of major oyster disease was due to evolving parasite, not just drought as previously thought.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3zya0GR

New evidence to battle drug price increases

Two recent studies add new evidence to the impact of how drug price increases affect US patients and the overall cost of health care.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3gGngSl

Use rewards effectively to boost creativity

To boost employees' creativity, managers should consider offering a set of rewards for them to choose from, according to a new study.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3zE8hjf

Will reduction in tau protein protect against Parkinson's and Lewy body dementias?

Will a reduction in tau protein in brain neurons protect against Parkinson's disease and Lewy body dementias? A new study suggests the answer is no. If this is borne out, that result differs from Alzheimer's disease, where reducing endogenous tau levels in brain neurons is protective for multiple models of the disease -- and thus suggests that the role of tau in the pathogenesis of Lewy body dementias is distinct from Alzheimer's disease.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3xAknrE

Bio-inspired hydrogel protects the heart from post-op adhesions

A hydrogel that forms a barrier to keep heart tissue from adhering to surrounding tissue after surgery was developed and successfully tested in rodents. The team of engineers, scientists and physicians also conducted a pilot study on porcine hearts, with promising results.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3gEsGgw

Start-stop system of hunting immune cells

Researchers decipher the basic biology of neutrophil swarming and now show that the cells also evolved an intrinsic molecular program to self-limit their swarming activity. The study elucidates how swarming neutrophils become insensitive to their own secreted signals that brought the swarm together in the first place. This process is crucial for the efficient elimination of bacteria in tissues.

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How cells 'read' artificial ingredients tossed into genetic recipe

Researchers discovered that the enzyme RNA polymerase II recognizes and transcribes artificially added base pairs in genetic code, a new insight that could help advance the development of new vaccines and medicines.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3q9m7G3

Start-stop system of hunting immune cells

Researchers decipher the basic biology of neutrophil swarming and now show that the cells also evolved an intrinsic molecular program to self-limit their swarming activity. The study elucidates how swarming neutrophils become insensitive to their own secreted signals that brought the swarm together in the first place. This process is crucial for the efficient elimination of bacteria in tissues.

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How cells 'read' artificial ingredients tossed into genetic recipe

Researchers discovered that the enzyme RNA polymerase II recognizes and transcribes artificially added base pairs in genetic code, a new insight that could help advance the development of new vaccines and medicines.

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Altered microstructure improves organic-based, solid state lithium EV battery

Researchers improve energy density in a novel electric vehicle battery - a step toward a more cost-effective, easily recycled battery that would allow EVs to travel farther and charge faster at a low cost.

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Sacred natural sites protect biodiversity in Iran

How much do traditional practices contribute to the protection of local biodiversity? Why and how are sacred groves locally valued and protected, and how can this be promoted and harnessed for environmental protection? Researchers have examined the backgrounds of this form of local environmental protection in Baneh County, Iran.

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Tailored laser fields reveal properties of transparent crystals

The surface of a material often has properties that are very different from the properties within the material. An international research team has now succeeded in investigating the surfaces of transparent crystals using powerful irradiation from lasers.

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Memory helps us evaluate situations on the fly, not just recall the past

Scientists have long known the brain's hippocampus is crucial for long-term memory. Now a new study has found the hippocampus also plays a role in short-term memory and helps guide decision-making. The findings shed light on how the hippocampus contributes to memory and exploration, potentially leading to therapies that restore hippocampal function, which is impacted in memory-related aging and neurodegenerative diseases such as dementia, the study authors said.

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How childhood exercise could maintain and promote cognitive function in later life

People who are physically active during childhood have higher cognitive functions in later life. Participants who exercised when they were children did better on cognitive tests regardless of their current age. However, no such relationship was found between task performance and post-childhood exercise -- suggesting that exercise during childhood is particularly important for brain development and long-term cognitive health.

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Science-based hiccups intervention

A science-based intervention relieved hiccups for 92% of 249 users who self-reported the effectiveness of the tool. =

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3iNYz7X

Researchers translate a bird's brain activity into song

It is possible to re-create a bird's song by reading only its brain activity, shows a first proof-of-concept study. The researchers were able to reproduce the songbird's complex vocalizations down to the pitch, volume and timbre of the original. The study is a first step towards developing vocal prostheses for humans who have lost the ability to speak.

from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/2TPiAAI

Memory helps us evaluate situations on the fly, not just recall the past

Scientists have long known the brain's hippocampus is crucial for long-term memory. Now a new study has found the hippocampus also plays a role in short-term memory and helps guide decision-making. The findings shed light on how the hippocampus contributes to memory and exploration, potentially leading to therapies that restore hippocampal function, which is impacted in memory-related aging and neurodegenerative diseases such as dementia, the study authors said.

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Animals' ability to adapt their habitats key to survival amid climate change

A research group of scientists from North America, Europe and Africa concluded that animals' ability to respond to climate change likely depends on how well they modify their habitats, such as nests and burrows.

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How childhood exercise could maintain and promote cognitive function in later life

People who are physically active during childhood have higher cognitive functions in later life. Participants who exercised when they were children did better on cognitive tests regardless of their current age. However, no such relationship was found between task performance and post-childhood exercise -- suggesting that exercise during childhood is particularly important for brain development and long-term cognitive health.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3wGQkyv

Footprints discovered from the last dinosaurs to walk on UK soil

Footprints from at least six different species of dinosaur -- thought to be the very last dinosaurs to walk on UK soil 110 million years ago -- have been found in Kent.

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Evolution: Two routes to the same destination

Fruit flies have found at least two solutions to the problem of sorting their sex chromosomes: a matter of life and death.

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The Earth has a pulse -- a 27.5-million-year cycle of geological activity

Geologic activity on Earth appears to follow a 27.5-million-year cycle, giving the planet a 'pulse,' according to a new study.

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Scientists detect signatures of life remotely

It could be a milestone on the path to detecting life on other planets: Scientists detect a key molecular property of all living organisms from a helicopter flying several kilometers above ground. The measurement technology could also open up opportunities for remote sensing of the Earth.

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Science-based hiccups intervention

A science-based intervention relieved hiccups for 92% of 249 users who self-reported the effectiveness of the tool. =

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/3iNYz7X

The end of Darwin's nightmare at Lake Victoria?

Lake Victoria, which came under the spotlight in 2004 by the documentary 'Darwin's nightmare', is not only suffering from the introduction and commercialization of the Nile perch: A study has highlighted other worrying phenomena, particularly climatic ones, which have an equally important impact on the quality of the lake's waters.

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Researchers translate a bird's brain activity into song

It is possible to re-create a bird's song by reading only its brain activity, shows a first proof-of-concept study. The researchers were able to reproduce the songbird's complex vocalizations down to the pitch, volume and timbre of the original. The study is a first step towards developing vocal prostheses for humans who have lost the ability to speak.

from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/2TPiAAI

Mountain fires burning higher at unprecedented rates

Forest fires have crept higher up mountains over the past few decades, scorching areas previously too wet to burn, according to researchers. As wildfires advance uphill, a staggering 11% of all Western US forests are now at risk.

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Greenhouse gas data deep dive reaches new level of 'reasonable and true'

For the most accurate accounting of a product's environmental impact, scientists look at the product's entire life cycle, from cradle to grave. It's a grand calculation known as a life cycle assessment (LCA), and greenhouse gas emissions are a key component. For corn ethanol, most greenhouse gas emissions can be mapped to the fuel's production, transportation, and combustion, but a large portion of the greenhouse gas calculation can be traced right back to the farm.

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An acceleration of coastal overtopping around the world

The combination of sea level rise, tides, storm surge and waves has increased the overtopping of natural and artificial coastal protection by nearly 50% in the last two decades.

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Meringue-like material could make aircraft as quiet as a hairdryer

An incredibly light new material can reduce aircraft engine noise and improve passenger comfort. The graphene oxide-polyvinyl alcohol aerogel weighs just 2.1kg per cubic meter, making it the lightest sound insulation ever manufactured.

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Researchers find losartan is not effective in reducing hospitalization from mild COVID-19

In a new study, researchers determined that the common blood pressure medication, losartan, is not effective in reducing hospitalization for mildly-ill COVID-19 outpatients.

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'Mosquito smoothie' innovation boosts future malaria vaccine potential

A faster method for collecting pure malaria parasites from infected mosquitos could accelerate the development of new, more potent malaria vaccines.

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Thin, stretchable biosensors could make surgery safer

A research team has developed bio-inks for biosensors that could help localize critical regions in tissues and organs during surgical operations.

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